【考前沖刺】中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解資料
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1、 [考前沖刺]中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解資料及練習(xí)(共18講) 第1講:名詞 名詞當(dāng)然是大家都很熟悉的了,我們吃的food,喝的drinks,穿的clothes 都是名詞。It is easy, right? 但是你可能被名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變化、名詞作定語(yǔ)以及名詞所有格等問(wèn)題搞得糊里糊涂的,到底該怎么用呢?OK,follow me。 First, 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的特殊變化。 普通名詞的復(fù)數(shù)我們知道是直接加-s或 -es,可是偏偏有一些名詞不聽(tīng)話,變化不規(guī)則。這些小調(diào)皮是: a. class, box, watch, brush等詞以 s, x, ch, sh, 結(jié)尾,復(fù)數(shù)要加-es;
2、 b. story, factory 等以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的詞復(fù)數(shù)要先將-y 變成-i再加-es; c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe結(jié)尾的詞一般先將-f或-fe變?yōu)?v, 再加-es; d. 以-o結(jié)尾的名詞,一般來(lái)說(shuō),末尾是"元音字母+o" 的詞加-s,我們學(xué)過(guò)的有radio,zoo。末尾是"輔音字母+o"的詞,變復(fù)數(shù)加-es。如:tomato, hero, potato,當(dāng)然其中的piano 和photo,又是一個(gè)例外,他們的結(jié)尾只能加-s。 e. child(children), foot(feet), tooth(teeth)
3、, mouse(mice), man(men ), woman(women )等詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化全不遵循規(guī)則。 注意:與 man 和 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是 -men 和-women。如:an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成詞,故復(fù)數(shù)形式為 Germans; f. deer,sheep等詞更是懶得可以,竟然單復(fù)數(shù)同形。好記好記。 people,police,cattle 等詞,以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù),所以它們的謂語(yǔ)當(dāng)然也是復(fù)數(shù)形式,這就是集體名詞。the English,the French,the Chinese等名詞表示
4、國(guó)民總稱時(shí),也作復(fù)數(shù)用。 注意:maths,politics,physics等學(xué)科名詞,雖然以-s結(jié)尾,仍為不可數(shù)名詞。還有theUnited States(美國(guó)),the United Nations(聯(lián)合國(guó))等應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。 別奇怪,名詞有時(shí)也可以作定語(yǔ)的。它作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般用單數(shù),但也有以下例外。 a. man, woman等作定語(yǔ)時(shí),它的單復(fù)數(shù)以其所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。如:men workers, women teachers。 b. 數(shù)詞+名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),這個(gè)名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式,中間加連字符。如:a ten-mile walk十里路,two-hundre
5、d trees 兩百棵樹(shù)。 哇!這些問(wèn)題好復(fù)雜,我好想輕松一下。那我們就輕輕松松地面對(duì)名詞所有格問(wèn)題。 這里面內(nèi)容可謂少之又少,可也不能小視呦。 名詞所有格: 表示“……的”通常是在名詞的后面加-s,如:Children's day,father's shoes。但以-s結(jié)尾的名詞因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)有s了,只需加 ' 就OK了。如果兩個(gè)名詞并列,并且分別有's,.則表示“分別有”。.如:John's and Mary's room(約翰和瑪麗各有一間,共兩間);兩個(gè)名詞并列,只有一個(gè)'s,則表示"共有"。如:John and Mary's room(約翰和瑪麗共有一間)。 還有
6、些無(wú)生命名詞的所屬要用介詞of來(lái)幫助一下,如:a map of China,the end of this term。 好,名詞部分我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完,It's a piece of cake? 接下來(lái)到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了, Are you ready? 練習(xí): 1. All the _____teachers and______students are having a meeting there. A. women …girls B. women… girl C. woman…girls D. woman…girl 2. Mr
7、 Black is a friend of _________. A. Jack's aunt's B. Jack's aunt C. Jack aunt's D. aunt's of Jack 3. This toy was made by a ____ boy. A. ten-year-old B. ten-years-old C. ten-year-older D.ten-years-older 4. The farmer raised ten _________. A. sheeps B. de
8、ers C. horse D. cows 5. She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_________. A. her grandmother B. her grandmother's C. her grandmothers' D. that of her grandmother 6. We have moved into a ________. A. two- storey house B. house of two storey C. two-st
9、oreys house D. two storeys house 7. The ______ was too much for the child to carry. A. box's steel B. box of a steel C. steel box D. box of the steel 8. We'll give our English teacher a card for _________. A. the Teacher's Day B. Teacher's Day C. a Teacher's Day
10、 D. Teachers' Day 9. Li Ping met an old friend of _______on a train yesterday. A. he B. him C. his D. her 10. _________are big and bright. A. The classroom window B. The window of the classroom C. The windows of the classroom D. The classroom's windows
11、 實(shí)戰(zhàn): 1. Don't worry. Your son will come back in ______hour. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. This nice blouse isn't mine. It's ______. A. you B. your C. Lucy D. yours 3. What's " potato" in Chinese? -It's _____ . A. 香蕉 B. 大白菜 C. 西紅柿
12、D. 土豆 4. The ninth month of a year is _______. A. December B. November C. September D. October 5. A: Must I leave now? B: No, you _______. A. needn't B. mustnt C. don't D. won't 6. We have a history lesson ______Wednesday afternoon. A. on B. of
13、 C. at D. to 7. Suan has made quite ______friends since she came to China. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 8. A: Have you ever ______to the West Lake? B: Yes, I ______there last winter. A. gone, went B. been, went C. gone , have been D. been, have
14、 9. Do you ________English? A. tell B. say C. talk D. speak 10. A: May I _______your ruler? B: OK, I'm glad to _______it to you. A. lend, borrow B. lend, lend C. borrow , lend D. borrow, borrow 11. We'll go to the museum if it _______tomorrow. A. can
15、't rain B. won't rain C. don't rain D. doesn't rian 12. Do you know ________? A. where does he study B. he studies where C. where he studies D. he where studies 13. A: _______do you go to see your grandparents? B: Once a month A. How often B. How long
16、 C. how much D. how many 14. A: Would you like another cup of orange? B: ______I'm full. A. No, thanks B. Yes, please. C. Here it is. D. I don't like. 15. You must be tired. Why not ________a rest? A. to stop to have B. stop having C. stop to have D.
17、to stop having 第2講:代詞 我們剛剛講完了名詞,現(xiàn)在再來(lái)看看名詞的brother—代詞。它與名詞的作用其實(shí)很相似,所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)木渲谐煞忠蚕嗖畈欢唷?但也別小看代詞呀!它還有很多的“小個(gè)性”呢!只要抓住它的幾個(gè)“小脾氣”,那么你就可以牢牢地掌握它了。 代詞中第一個(gè)“小個(gè)性”就是物主代詞。像my和mine這兩個(gè)小冤家總是讓人分不清誰(shuí)是誰(shuí)。但你只要記住它們最重要的區(qū)別—my的后面一定要接名詞,不可以單獨(dú)出現(xiàn),只能做定語(yǔ),如:my father;而 mine則是名詞性,只能單獨(dú)出現(xiàn),在句中做主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。如:Mine is green. It's mine. 記住這兩個(gè)
18、句子,凡是名詞性物主代詞(yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs)就都可以放在mine的位置上了。這樣,通過(guò)它們出現(xiàn)的位置不同,我們就可以把它們區(qū)別開(kāi)了。 代詞的第二個(gè)“羅嗦”就是它有一個(gè)小跟班-self(selves)—反身代詞,也就是表示“自己、親自”的意思。關(guān)于反身代詞,需要注意的是她不能單獨(dú)做主語(yǔ),但可以放在人稱代詞后面,做同位語(yǔ)?! ∪纾篗arry herself said so. 瑪麗她自己這么說(shuō)的。(不能說(shuō)Herself said so.)下面我給你開(kāi)點(diǎn)小灶,單獨(dú)講一講須“特特”注意的地方。 Of+名詞性物主代詞:of +物主代
19、詞構(gòu)成雙重所有格。公式為:a(an, this, that )+名詞+of +名詞性物主代詞。牢記公式,舉一反三。因?yàn)槲镏鞔~不可與 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, no, each,every, such, another等詞一起前置,修飾一個(gè)名詞,而必須用雙重所有格。如: a friend of mine(我的一個(gè)朋友),each brother of his(他的每一個(gè)兄弟). some, any的用法:我們都知道some用于肯定句中,而any則用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。 所以somebody,someone也用于肯定句中,而a
20、nybody、anyone則用于否定和疑問(wèn)句中。 注意:在Would youlike some coffee?(要來(lái)點(diǎn)咖啡嗎?)這樣的肯定疑問(wèn)句中,說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為對(duì)方的答案會(huì)是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答時(shí),用some而不用any。 every 和each的用法:every 強(qiáng)調(diào)全體的概念,指三個(gè)以上的人或物(含三個(gè)),不可單獨(dú)使用;each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念。指兩個(gè)以上的人或物 (含兩個(gè)),可單獨(dú)使用.。Every student in our school works hard.(我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生都很用功。) Each student may have one book.. (每個(gè)學(xué)生都
21、可有一本書(shū)。) both, either, neither的用法: both意為“兩者全都”,與復(fù)數(shù)連用。either意為“兩者中間的任何一個(gè)”,neither 表示“兩者之間一個(gè)也不是”,與單數(shù)連用。如:Both of the them come from London。他們兩人都是倫敦人。 You may take either with you。 兩個(gè)中間你隨便帶哪個(gè)都行。 Neither is correct。 兩個(gè)都不對(duì)。 Few,a few和little,a little的用法: Few,a few用來(lái)代替和修飾可數(shù)名詞,little,a littl
22、e用來(lái)代替和修飾不可數(shù)名詞;a few和a little 著重肯定意思,相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)“有幾個(gè)”,“有一點(diǎn)兒”;few和little 著重否定意思,相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ) “沒(méi)有幾個(gè)”,“沒(méi)有多少” OK,代詞部分我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完,It's a piece of cake? 接下來(lái)到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了, Are you ready? 練習(xí): 1. We had plenty of paper but______ink. A. a few B. few C. not many D. not much 2. Learning a fo
23、reign language is especially difficult for those who have have never learned ______before. A. one B. it C. them D. that 3. We're very busy because we've so ______books to read and so _______homework to do every day. A. much ... many B. many ... much C. many ... a lot
24、 D. a lot ... much 4. I thought ______of the matter but still couldn't find out the reason. A. every B. both C. nothing D. everything 5. My car is not so expensive as ________. A. him B. he's C. he D. his 6. Lily and Lucy have arrived,but _______students ar
25、en't here yet. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others 7. There are high buildings on ______side of the street. A. both B. every C. any D.either 8. -What do you usually have for breakfast? ?。璤_____eggs and ______milk. A Little ... a few B. A lit
26、tle ... a little C. A few ... a little D. A few ... a few 9. ______ is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything 10. Is this story the same as ______in that book? A. the one B. what C. that D.
27、 it 實(shí)戰(zhàn): 1. There is _________old woman in the car. A. 不填 B. the C. a D. an 2. We often go to the park _______Sundays. A. on B. in C. at D. from 3. My book ________on the desk. A. is B. am C. are D. be 4. Which langua
28、ge is ________, English, French or Chinese? A. difficult B. the difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult 5. -________book is this? ?。璉t's Kate's. A. when B. Why C. Where D. whose 6.-Can you write a letter in English? ?。璑o, I _____. A. may not
29、 B. mustn't C. can't D. needn't 7. I ________my homework when Mike came last night. A. do B. was doing C. am doing D. have done 8. He began to ________English three years ago. A. learn B. learns C. learned D. learning 9. Jim is a driver, _______he?
30、 A. does B. doesn't C. is D. isn't 10. "What's wrong _________you?" the doctor asked. A. from B. with C. for D. at 11. He is rich, ________he isn't happy. A. or B. so C. and D. but 12.-Where is Alice? ?。璖he __________to the library. A.
31、goes B. will go C. has gone D. had gone 13. "Help _________to some fish, Mary." My aunt said to me. A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourself D. himself 14. We'll stay at home if it ________tomorrow. A. rain B. rains C. is raining D. will rain 15. Th
32、e students _________on a farm for ten days. Then they_________to a factory. Though they_______back school, they still remember those farmers and workers. A. have stayed, went , was B. had stayed, go , are C. have stayed, go, have been D. have stayed, went, were 第3講:形容詞 Spri
33、ng is coming. The trees are green, and the flowers are beautiful. 多么美的季節(jié)??!我們要去郊游, 去感受、去描繪我們周圍美好的事物。形容詞會(huì)幫你忙??墒切稳菰~怎么使用起來(lái)老出錯(cuò)呀?不是放錯(cuò)了位置,搞錯(cuò)了級(jí)別,就是在使用多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)排錯(cuò)了順序。當(dāng)然了,形容詞使用時(shí)需要遵循一些規(guī)則的。想知道嗎?接著往下看。 a beautiful little new white wooden house 從這個(gè)長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的詞中可以看出多個(gè)形容詞作 定語(yǔ)時(shí)排列有一定的先后順序。它們往往遵循以下規(guī)律:冠詞或人稱代詞所有
34、格+數(shù)詞+性質(zhì)+大小+形狀+表示老少、新舊+顏色+事物質(zhì)地、人的國(guó)籍、用途。其實(shí),你大可不必這樣費(fèi)神記,只要記住我給你的句子就可以了。 There is something wrong with my bike。這句話可能讓你撓撓頭皮,為什么wrong放在 something的后面呢?原來(lái)雖然大部分形容詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置是放在名詞之前的,但當(dāng)形容詞所修飾的詞為something,anything,nothing,everything等以-thing為字尾的詞語(yǔ)時(shí),形容詞要后置。 形容詞級(jí)別問(wèn)題: a. Our classroom is twice
35、larger than theirs。(我們的教室是他們的兩倍。)這種表示倍數(shù)的句子用 …times +形容詞比較級(jí)+than … 這樣的格式。你記住了嗎? b. I'm three years older than you.(我比你大三歲。)表示"大三歲,""高二厘米"等時(shí)用"表示數(shù)量詞的詞+比較級(jí)"。 c."越來(lái)越……"用"比較級(jí)+and +比較級(jí)"來(lái)表示。如:The earth is getting warmer and warmer。(地球變得越來(lái)越暖和。) d."越……就越……"用"the +比較級(jí)…,the+比較級(jí)…"來(lái)表示。如: The busier he i
36、s,the happier he feels。(他越忙,越覺(jué)得高興。) 最高級(jí)用法的用法就很簡(jiǎn)單了,提醒你一點(diǎn),最高級(jí)要用于三者以上。還有幾點(diǎn)是不得不提的: alone 和lonely:I feel lonely, because I am alone at home. 你獨(dú)自一人在家用 "alone" 表示"單獨(dú)的"、"獨(dú)自一人的",它表示一個(gè)客觀事實(shí),在句中只能做表語(yǔ)。你在家感到寂寞, 用"lonely",表示主觀上感到 "孤獨(dú)""寂寞",指一種悲傷憂郁的情緒,可作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。 older和elder: Jack is older than me,
37、 he is my elder brother.杰克比我大要用"older",表示"年紀(jì)大的,年老的",常用做表語(yǔ);他是我的長(zhǎng)兄用"elder",表示"年老的,年長(zhǎng)的",用做定語(yǔ),只用于比較兩個(gè)人的長(zhǎng)幼,只能作表語(yǔ)。 接下來(lái)又到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了,你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎? 練習(xí): 1. Tony is going camping with ___ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two 2. Which is
38、 the _______country, Japan or Australia? A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing 3. - How was your recent visit to Qingdao? ?。?It was great.We visited some friends,and spent the ___days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunn
39、y C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 4. The books are not ________ to be published. A. enough intersting B. interesting enough C. so interesting D. too interesting 5.What's your _______sports? A. the most favorite B. most favorite C. favorite D. the fav
40、orite 6.There's ________ with the recorder A. anything wrong B. wrong anything C. something wrong D.wrong something 7. His sister is _______than he . A. younger five years B. five years younger C. five year younge D. five younger years 8.-We should speak Engl
41、ish in and after class. ?。璝es, _____, ________. A. more , better B. the more, the bette C. much, better D. the often, the better 9. The old man lives alone, he feels ________. A. alone B. lonely C. lone D. alonely 10. I think bananas are ________of all the fr
42、uits. A. delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. the most delicious 實(shí)戰(zhàn): 1. -What's this in English? - It's ______apple. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 2. I was born ________February 18, 1981. A. on B. in C. at D. of 3. There isn'
43、t ______water in the glass. A. some B. lots C. many D. any 4. - "________do you watch TV?" ?。?" Twice a week." A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How many 5. I have two pencils, one is long, _______is short. A. another B. other C. the other
44、 D. others 6. They are poor, _______they are always happy. A. and B. but C. or D. so 7. _______beautiful the flowers are! A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 8. -"Do you ________English?" ?。?"Only a little." A. tell B. speak C. say D. talk
45、 9. There are about _________students in our grade. A. two hundreds and twenty-five B. two hundreds and twenty five C. two hundred and twenty-five D. two hundred twenty-five 10. His name is Robert Thomas Brown. The students call him ________. A. Mr Robert B. Mr Thomas
46、 C. Mr Thomas Brown D. Mr Brown 11. Your books are here, where are _________? A. my B. mine C. I D. me 12. She will write to me sa soom as she _______in Paris. A. will arrive B. arrive C. arriving D arrives 13.- "It's a fine day, ______?" - "Yes, let'
47、s go out for a walk." A. is it B. it is C. isn't it D. it isn't 14. Could you tell us________? A. when will the meeting start B. when the meeting will start C. the meeting will start when D. then meeting when will start 15.- "My bike is broken, can you mend it?"
48、 ?。?"Sorry, ______." A. I can't B. I won't C. I can D. I don't 第4講:副詞 學(xué)完了形容詞,副詞講解起來(lái)會(huì)更容易一些。一般認(rèn)為形容詞+ly就變成了副詞,如形容詞quick 加上-ly變成副詞quickly。但是象friendly , lovely 雖然以 ly 結(jié)尾,但實(shí)則是形容詞,She is friendly to me (她對(duì)我很友好。)可千萬(wàn)不要誤認(rèn)為是副詞喲! 副詞可修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞,這些用法相信大家已經(jīng)掌握。那我們挑選
49、一下易混、易用錯(cuò)的來(lái)詳細(xì)講解一下。 already 和 yet : Where is Tom? He hasn't come yet. But Jack is already here . 這句話中又是 already,又有yet,是怎么回事嗎?原來(lái)already和yet意思雖然相同,但用法有點(diǎn)小區(qū)別。表示事情早已發(fā)生或提前發(fā)生用 already,一般放于句中,用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句。含有already的肯定句,變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí),要將already 變?yōu)閥et,且放在句尾。yet表示預(yù)料要發(fā)生的事未發(fā)生,位于句尾,一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。 還迷糊嗎?再迷糊,只好再看一看
50、上面的例句嘍。 hard 和 hardly: hard,hardly 兩者雖然只有-ly之差,意義卻大不相同。hard表示"辛苦,使勁,努力,"如:He works very hard.(他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。) 而hardly為否定副詞,表示"幾乎不"。如:The box is so heavy that he could hardly carry it .(這箱子是那么沉,他幾乎搬不動(dòng)。) ago 和 before: ago 不能單獨(dú)使用,應(yīng)與three days (months , weeks)等連用, 而且和動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)連用。如: I met my n
51、eighbour an hour ago. Before 之前有"一段時(shí)間"時(shí),指"距這段時(shí)間以前",和過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用。如:He said he had finished the work two days before.(他說(shuō)他兩天前已完成了工作。) 如果before單獨(dú)使用,是泛指"以前",常常和完成時(shí)連用。如:I have seen the film before.(我以前沒(méi)看過(guò)這部電影。) farther 和 further: far 有兩種比較級(jí),farther,further. 在英語(yǔ)中兩者都可指距離。如: He runs farther than she does
52、.(他比她跑得遠(yuǎn)。)在美語(yǔ)中,farther 表示距離,further表示進(jìn)一步。 如: I have nothing further to say.(我沒(méi)什么要說(shuō)的了。) 至于副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)問(wèn)題,參照形容詞的就OK了。 試試趁熱打鐵如何? 練習(xí): 1. The teacher was very angry and decided to send ______school, so he wasn't a student any longer. A. away him from B. him away from the C. away
53、 him out of D. him away from 2. _______, he didn't fail in the English exam. A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckily D. Luckly 3.-Are you feeling ____? -Yes,I'm fine now. A. any well B.any better C.quite good D.quite better 4. The more we looked at the picture,
54、_________. A. the less we liked it B. we like it less C. better we like it D. it looked better 5. After the new machine was introduced,the factory produced ___ shoes in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
55、6. Our English needs to be______improved. A. farther B. farthest C. further D. far 7. What a pity! Lucy ran _______ more slowly than Lily. A. a few B. much C. a little D. little 8. He is running _______now. A. more slowly and more slowly B. slowlier and
56、slowlier C. more and more slowly D. slowly and slowly 9. Last night my father went back _________later than before. A. quite B. very C. even D. much more 10.The sick man was too thin to go any _______. A. far B. farther C. further D. farthest
57、 實(shí)戰(zhàn): 1. The answer is nice and soft. Shall I ______the shopkeeper if I can try it on? A. ask B. answer C. speak D. tell 2. Tickets, please. May I ______your ticket please, madam? A. show B. watch C. find D.see 3. It's not good to ______when you are w
58、aiting for a bus. A. stand in line B. get on well C. jump the queue D. wait for your turn 4. It's hard to count the monkeys, they're running and jumping__________. A. at times B. all the time C. more or less D. right away 5. I'm sorry, we've _______the shoes in
59、your size. A. paid for B. put on C. sold out D. put away 6. Weihua's pen was________, so she needed a new one. A. broken B. long C. cheap D. here 7. You can often buy things from their shop _______home. A. of the way B. by the way C. another way of
60、 D. on your way 8. The teacher in the school library is very________. You must return your library book on time! A. kind B. lonely C. strict D. polite 9. Thanks to man-make satellite, the world itself is becoming a much smaller_____. A. space B. place C. room
61、D. universe 10. I like the sweater, but it ________too much. A. uses B. takes C. costs D. spends 11. Father Christmas lands on top of _______house and climbs down the chimney into the fire-place. A. each B. all C. either D. both 12. The ice is very thin. It's
62、 _______dangerous _____walk on it. A. so, that B. as, as C. from, to D. too, to 13. One day his mother was ill. She ______a doctor. A. sent for B. sent away C. sent up D. fell behind 14. He _______the radio and listened to the music. A. opened B. turned
63、on C. turned off D. closed 15. The doctor _______Mrs Brown very carefully and then said: " There's nothing much wrong with you." A. watched B. operated C. looked over D. looked after 第5講:動(dòng)詞 我們步步深入,開(kāi)始接觸到整個(gè)句子的heart--動(dòng)詞了。掌握了動(dòng)詞,你學(xué)起英語(yǔ)來(lái)就會(huì)感到駕輕就熟了。告訴你,一定要記牢動(dòng)
64、詞的現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去式,過(guò)去分詞,如果在這些小地方丟分,那才討厭呢。比如:catch 的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞(caught,caught) 你可能就不知道吧?痛下決心,好好記一記吧。下面呢,我們就各個(gè)擊破。先講系動(dòng)詞。 系動(dòng)詞:大概是最簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)詞了。你只需注意的是系動(dòng)詞除了be的形式之外,還有become,get,grow,turn,sound,look,smell,taste等,它們不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),必須和作表語(yǔ)的詞語(yǔ)(如形容詞, 名詞等) 連用, 所以用的時(shí)候,可要小心為是呀!如:It smells delicious.(它聞起來(lái)味道很美)。delicious 是形容詞,不是副詞。
65、 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:首先要記住情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后必跟動(dòng)詞原形。must和need幾乎是每年的必考題,這里我們重點(diǎn)講一下。 must的意思是"應(yīng)當(dāng),必須",側(cè)重于說(shuō)話者的主觀看法,沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)變化,其否定式是mustn't,在"Must I(we) ...."的疑問(wèn)句中,須注意的是其否定回答常用needn't。如:Must I go?(我一定要走嗎?) No,you needn't.(不,不必。) need意為"需要"。既可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,又可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,因此在用法上需要注意。作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),need后跟名詞,動(dòng)名詞,或不定式。如:I need to go. (我得走了。) 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),后跟動(dòng)詞原形。如:
66、You needn't come tomorrow if you are busy. (如果你忙,明天就不必來(lái)了。) 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞: 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞可謂家族興旺,人員眾多。我們跑(run),我們跳(jump),我們笑(laugh),這些都得用實(shí)意動(dòng)詞來(lái)表達(dá)。我們一起來(lái)看一看一些特殊的詞吧。它們?cè)诮觿?dòng)名詞和不定式時(shí)意義有所不同。 stop:這個(gè)詞讓好多同學(xué)大傷了一番腦筋,到底什么時(shí)候加to do,什么時(shí)候加 doing 呢?兩者意義又有什么不同呢?OK, Come with me. 看下面兩個(gè)句子。 When the teacher came in, they stopped to read. When the teacher came in, they stopped talking. 第一句的意思是"當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí),他們停下來(lái)開(kāi)始讀書(shū)"。而第二句的意思是 "老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí),他們停止了說(shuō)話"。所以stop to do sth表示"停止正在做的事情去干另一件事"。而stop doing表示"中斷正在做的某事"?,F(xiàn)在明白了嗎? forget,re
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