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考點13 將來時 高考頻度：★★★★★ 考向一 一般將來時 1.shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時常用于第二人稱。 Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先讀哪一段呢？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎？ 2.be going to +不定式，表示將來。 　 a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？ 　 b. 計劃或安排要發(fā)生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。這出戲下月開播。 　 c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事。 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏云，快要下雨了。 3.be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 我們下星期六討論這份報告。 4.be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。 　 注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。 5.一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。 a. 下列動詞e，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return的一般現(xiàn)在時可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點開。 —When does the bus star? 汽車什么時候開？ —It stars in ten minutes. 十分鐘后。 b. 以here，there等開始的倒裝句，表示動作正在進行。 Here es the bus. = The bus is ing. 車來了。 There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。 c. 在時間或條件句中。 When Bill es不是will e., ask him to wait for me. 比爾來后，讓他等我。 I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就寫信給你。 d. 在動詞hope，take care that，make sure that等的賓語從句中。 I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。 Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前，務必把窗戶關了。 6.用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來。 下列動詞e, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現(xiàn)在進行時可以表示將來。 I’m leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒待到下周嗎？ 【易混辨析】 be going to 用于條件句時，be going to表將來 If you are going to make a journey, you’d better get ready for it as soon as possible. will 用于條件句時，will表意愿 Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. 如果你脫掉衣服，我們將在鏡子前為你穿上新的衣服。 be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客觀安排) be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃 I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主觀安排) —Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right. I ____________ him later. A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling 【答案】A 【名師點睛】本題根據對話形式進行時態(tài)考查，句中包含的時間狀語是解答此題的突破點。所以要做好此類題，一定要注意題中有沒有明確的時間點，或者其他可以代替時間點的詞，所以根據時間狀語可以看出正確答案。 考向二 過去將來時 1. 過去將來時的定義 過去將來時主要用于表示過去某個時候看來即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 He said he would e here next Friday. 他說他下周五來這兒。 I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble. 我知道當我們陷入困境時他會幫助我們。 2. 過去將來時的結構 （1） would + 動詞原形 She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告訴我們說她將一切努力在本學期趕上其他同學。 When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 當你請李雷幫忙時，他絕不會拒絕。 （2）was / were going to + 動詞原形 He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告訴我說他要參加那次會議。 He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他說將要派我去火車站接她。 （3）was / were to + 動詞原形。 The building was to be pleted next month. 這座建筑該在下個月竣工。 Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李雷很快就要到了。 （4）was / were about to + 動詞原形。 We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我們要離開時，天突然下起了大雨。 He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中飯的時候，門鈴響了。 （5）was / were +現(xiàn)在分詞。 He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了。 We were informed that the leaders were ing to our school soon. 我們接到通知說領導們很快要來我們學校。 3. 過去將來時的用法 （1）過去將來時，一般用于主句為過去時的賓語從句中。 He said he would stay with us. 他說他要與我們待在一起。 He said he would never go there again. 他說他絕不會再去那兒。 （2）過去將來時，用于虛擬語氣中。 If I were you, I would not do that. 如果我是你的話，我就不會那樣做。 If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在這兒，他就會向我們展示該如何做了。 【歸納拓展】 was / were going to + 動詞原形，was / were to + 動詞原形，was / were about to + 動詞原形等結構都可表達當時一種未曾實現(xiàn)的意圖或打算。 The conference was going to be held the next month. 會議下個月開。 We were to have our class at eight. 八點我們該上課了。 Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he ____________ a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. A. has been B. had been C. was going to be D. was 【答案】C 【名師點睛】分析四個選項可以知道，該題考查的其實是不同的時態(tài)。掌握英語的時態(tài)和語態(tài)，必須掌握好英語中的助動詞(do, be, have)和時間狀語這兩個核心問題，如本題的1879, would change的提示。另外也要結合使用語境綜合分析選項，最終得出答案。 題組一 基礎過關 用will/be going to填空 1. I think I ____________ pass the English test tomorrow. 2. Try this cake. You ____________ like it! 3. Many scientists say the climate ____________ change a lot in the next hundred years. 4. Look at the clouds!It ____________ rain. 5. He ____________ be twenty years old. 6. I’m tired. I think I ____________ go to bed. 7. I ____________ beat you if you do that again. 8. He is seriously ill. He ____________ die. 題組二 能力提升 I.單項填空 1.A kind of newly-made shoes, if put into the market, _________ large orders because the heels can switch from 4 to 9 centimeters. A. meets B. will meet C. has met D. met 2.—Hi, Lily. Don’t forget to watch I’m a Singer at 20: 10 this Friday! —What a pity! I_________ in a plane to Hainan for a meeting then. A. will sit B. will be sitting C.am sitting D. sit 3.—Hi, Mr. Smith. Which department do you work in? —I am in the Marketing Department now, but I_________ in the Sales Department before long. A. worked B. will work C. have worked D. will have worked 4.—Did you inform Mary of the change of our plan? —Oh no, I forgot. I _________and tell her. A. call B.am to call C.am going to call D. will call 5.No matter how advanced modern equipment is, letters_________ in expressing people’s feelings. A. will never replace B. will never be replaced C. never replace D. have never been replaced 6.The radio broadcast said that it _________tomorrow. A. was not going to snow B. was not snowing C. would not snow D. was not to snow 7.I _________Mr. Ked the next day, but the appointment has been cancelled. A. was going to see B. saw C. had seen D. will see 8.I thought he_________ that evening party, but to my surprise, he came. A. wouldn’t attend B. hadn’t attended C. didn’t attend D. won’t attend 9.She told us she_________a movie with us if she was free. A. will see B.is going to see C. would see D. saw 10.My mother promised she_________me a present unless I passed all the exams. A. had not given B. would not give C. will not give D. does not give II.語法填空 More than 1,250 lit stalls(貨攤)brighten the center of Thailand’s capital city,　1　(provide) a multicolored sight. The shelter,　2　is designed for the thousands of traders and shoppers at Bangkok’s night market, has bee an　3　(attract) itself. The market, which　4　(call) Train Night Market Ratchada in English, was opened in January 2015 and has bee　5　popular spot for locals and tourists. Software engineer Prasad Ambati visited the market and took the landscape photographs from a nearby car park. "Those　6　(color) tents and people shopping, eating at stalls and the flashing lights were great. The tents made me think of a giant painting." This is　7　(primary) a market that sells yesteryear(舊時) goods, old-fashioned　8　(collection) of clothes, motorbikes, and second-hand toys. There are also plenty of general market things for sale,　9　cheap clothes, shoes, bags, and other fashion items. But above all it’s one of the best places for street food, open-air bars with live music frequently　10　(perform) all over. 題組三 體驗真題 1.（2017新課標I卷改編）Our exhibits _________( feed) your mind, but what about your body? 2.（2017北京卷改編）The first magazine with your gift message ________( arrive) in time for the special day. 3.（2017新課標I卷改編）The parents had done their duty and ___________( probably ,continue )to do so. 4.(2015湖南)As you go through this book, you ________ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience. A. will find B. found C. had found D. have found 5.(2015陜西)At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he the first black president of the United States of America. A. was to bee B. bees C. is to bee D. became 題組一 基礎過關 用will/be going to填空 1. will 2. will 3. will 4. is going to 5. will 6. will 7. will 8. is going to 題組二 能力提升 I.單項填空 1.B 【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：一種新款的鞋，一旦投入市場，將會接到大量訂單，因為這種鞋的鞋跟高度可以在4到9厘米之間變化。結合句意，此處表示將來的動作。故答案選B。 2.B 3.B 【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：——你好， Smith先生。你在哪個部門工作? ——我現(xiàn)在在市場部， 但我不久就要到銷售部工作。根據before long推知此處表將來的動作 ， 故選項B正確。 4.D 【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據語境可知，空處表示說話者臨時要做的事情，所以用"will+動詞原形"。be going to do表示說話者已經決定的計劃或安排要做的事，be to do表示計劃中約定的或按職責、義務和要求必須去做的事或即將發(fā)生的動作，均不符合語境。 5.B 6.A 【解析】考查過去將來時。句意：無線電廣播說明天不會下雪。be going to do sth.可用于談天氣，表示根據某種明顯的跡象推斷將有某種天氣變化。 7.A 【解析】考查過去將來時。句意：我本打算第二天去看Ked先生，但是約會被取消了。was going to do sth.有"(過去)本打算做某事"之意，言外之意是這個打算沒有實現(xiàn)。 8.A 【解析】考查過去將來時。句意：我以為他不會參加那個晚會，但是令我驚訝的是，他來了。由句中另外兩個動詞用的是一般過去時可知，從句應用過去時態(tài)。"他不會來"應發(fā)生在"我以為"之后，故用過去將來時。 9.C 【解析】考查過去將來時。句意：她告訴我們，如果她有空，她將會和我們一起看電影。"看電影"還沒發(fā)生，要用將來時，而主句told是一般過去時，賓語從句也要用過去時態(tài)。所以用過去將來時。 10.B 【解析】考查過去將來時。主句用一般過去時，因此賓語從句也要用過去時態(tài)。賓語從句又是一個帶條件狀語從句的主從復合句，根據"主將從現(xiàn)"的規(guī)則，從句用一般過去時，主句則用過去將來時。 II.語法填空 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了位于曼谷的夜市Train Night Market Ratchada。 1.providing 【解析】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應用非謂語動詞;provide與其邏輯主語stalls之間為主謂關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。 2.which 【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞是The shelter，空處引導非限制性定語從句，且在從句中作主語，故用which。 3.attraction 【解析】考查詞性轉換。根據空前的an可知，此處應填名詞attraction "游覽勝地，具有吸引力的事物"。 7.primarily 【解析】考查詞性轉換。此處修飾謂語動詞，應該用副詞，故填primarily。 8.collections 【解析】考查名詞復數(shù)?？涨盁o冠詞或者形容詞性物主代詞，加之collection"收藏物，收藏品"是可數(shù)名詞，故填collections。 9.like 【解析】考查介詞。like意為"像，如"，用來列舉事物。 10.performed 【解析】考查非謂語動詞。此處是"with+賓語+賓補"復合結構。賓語music和perform之間是邏輯上的被動關系，故用過去分詞作賓補。 題組三 體驗真題 1. will feed 【解析】根據語境可知，此處應用一般將來時。 2. will arrive 【解析】根據語境可知，此處應用一般將來時。 3. would probably continue 【解析】根據語境可知，此處表示過去的將來，故用過去將來時。 4.A 5.A 【解析】句意：在大學的時候，奧巴馬不知道他將成為美國第一個黑人總統(tǒng)。用過去將來時表示過去某個時間將要發(fā)生的事情，所以選A。 1、