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精編優(yōu)選練(三十三)中華傳統(tǒng)文化語(yǔ)篇專題——閱讀理解2 (限時(shí)：30分鐘) A If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhin， or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. Once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sisterinlaw. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for pany. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth.Among them was Zhin， the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and a daughter. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhin back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhin had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulangs misery, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died. The magic shoes whisked Niulang off on a chase after the empress. The pursuit enraged the empress, who took her hairpin and slashed it across the sky creating the Milky Way which separated husband from wife. But magpies, moved by their love, formed a bridge across the Milky Way to reunite the family. Even the Jade Emperor was touched, and allowed Niulang and Zhin to meet once a year on the seventh night of the seventh month. This is how Qixi came to be. The festival can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC－220AD). [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　文章講述了七夕節(jié)的來(lái)歷。 1．Why did Niulang leave home? A．He wanted to try a new life. B．He hated his brother and sisterinlaw. C．His sisterinlaw treated him badly. D．His family was too poor. 解析：根據(jù)文章第三段“But she disliked and abused him”可知，答案選C。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)文章未涉及。 答案：C 2．Who has the biggest power in Taoism? A．Jade Emperor.　　　　　　 B．The empress. C．Leader of the troop. D．Magpie. 解析：根據(jù)文章第七段 “Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor，the Supreme Deity in Taoism”可知Jade Emperor 是至高無(wú)上的神，故答案選A。 答案：A 3．What is the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 8? A．Bone. B．Fur. C．Body. D．Feet. 解析：根據(jù)文章，牛死后能做成鞋子的部位應(yīng)該是它的皮，故選B。 答案：B B Peking Opera is being introduced to primary and middle school students in an effort to promote the traditional art to the younger generation. The countrys first set of textbooks about Peking Opera was piled and published by the Beijing Association of Promoting Quintessence of Chinese Culture and Peoples Education Press in 2015. The textbooks for optional courses have been put on trial use in middle schools in Fengtai district and will be used in middle schools across the city. The textbooks for primary schools will also be rolled_out. Since 2008, Beijing has promoted a program to provide opera training at dozens of primary schools. Schools apply for funds from the citys education department to hire professional actors and actresses to work with students as young as 6 or 7. Peking Opera arose during the rule of Emperor Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1644 － 1911). It flourished for decades in China and as its fame spread, it drew audiences in other countries, including the United States and Japan. Yet over the years, its popularity diminished. While a significant number of people listened to radio productions of Peking Opera before the 1980s, generations born after that pursued pop culture over the traditional arts. 　[語(yǔ)篇解讀]　 為了使年輕一代更好地傳承中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化，京劇正在被引入中小學(xué)課堂。 4．What is the purpose of introducing Peking Opera to primary and middle school students? A．To make their horizons broader. B．To increase their knowledge. C．To find their interest. D．To make Peking Opera inherited. 解析：根據(jù)文章第一段to promote the traditional art to the younger generation可知，目的是傳承這一傳統(tǒng)文化。故選D，讓京劇被傳承下去。 答案：D 5．What is the meaning of the underlined words in Paragraph 3? A．sold out　　　　　　　　 B．printed out C．released D．delivered 解析：根據(jù)第三段，京劇教材首先在豐臺(tái)區(qū)中學(xué)試用，然后推廣到整個(gè)城市中學(xué)，小學(xué)版教材也將推出。 答案：C 6．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The introduction process cant be pleted very soon. B．Since 2008, dozens of primary schools have started to provide opera training. C．Peking Opera dates from Emperor Qianlong. D．Peking Opera was popular with audiences from the United States and Japan. 解析：根據(jù)文章第二、三、四段可知將京劇引入中小學(xué)課堂開始于2008年，這一過(guò)程需要一步步去完成，故選A。而其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不是推斷出的信息。 答案：A 7．Whats the attitude of generations born after the 1980s towards Peking Opera? A．Like.　　　　　　　 B．Dislike. C．Hate. D．Dont care. 解析：根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，相比傳統(tǒng)文化，這代人更喜歡流行文化。故選B。 答案：B C As the Chinese MidAutumn Festival approaches, mooncakes are turning up all over China, from traditional teashops to Starbucks counters. The holiday is one of Chinas four most important festivals, and in the weeks before the date arrives, top hotels get into the spirit with lavish (奢華) treats in lovely packaging. Traditionally, the cookiesized round pastry (餡餅) has a rich thick filling usually made from redbean or lotusseed paste and covered by a thin crust. It may also contain yolks from salted duck eggs, integrating a beautiful savory tinge into the sugary taste. Fillings and crusts have bee more diverse over time, especially in the hands of skilled pastry chefs. The mooncakes in Chinese culture represent homesickness, and the top crust of each moonshaped pastry is generally imprinted with the Chinese characters for longevity or harmony. This year, the fancy gift boxes that have long driven the mooncake trade are particularly striking and rich with tradition. For example, the Fairmont Peace Hotel in Shanghai, built in 1929 and a magnet for Hollywood celebrities in the 1930s, has prepared a selection of mooncake gift boxes with designs inspired by the beauty and elegance of the hotels famous art deco style. The simplest box of four pieces (redbean paste, creamy custard, plain cheese, greenbean paste) is 198 yuan ($29.64), while more lavish selections of five or six pieces, including mooncakes with egg yolk, run up to 338 yuan for a box. Beijings Nuo Hotel, meanwhile, has created Ming Dynasty (1368 － 1644) inspired mooncake gift packs based on the design of porcelain vases in the hotel lobby, with the essence of landscape painting using Zhang Dais poetic passages to show the peaceful harmony of man and nature. The box of six is 158 yuan, and includes mooncakes ranging from cheese mango to charcoal burning fragrant Puer tea and white lotus with egg yolk. A box of eight cakes of different flavors is 228 yuan. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　 中秋是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，月餅是該節(jié)日的代表食品。文章從月餅的餡料到月餅的象征意義然后到月餅的包裝做了介紹。 8．What feeling does the mooncake stand for in our country? A．Separation.　　　　　　　 B．Harmony. C．Homesick. D．Happiness. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段最后一句話“The mooncakes in Chinese culture represent homesickness, and the top crust of each moonshaped pastry is generally imprinted with the Chinese characters for longevity or harmony.”可知“月餅寄托了人們的思鄉(xiāng)之情。通常每個(gè)月亮形狀的糕點(diǎn)的最外層都印有象征長(zhǎng)壽和美滿的美好祝愿的中國(guó)漢字。” 答案：C 9．Which place selling mooncakes is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Hotels. B．Teashops. C．Starbucks. D．Stations. 解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。首段首句中提到了B、C兩項(xiàng)；最后兩段提到了A。因此沒(méi)有提及的是D。 答案：D 10．What do the last two paragraphs mainly tell us about mooncakes? A．The high price. B．The various shapes. C．The rich fillings. D．The fancy boxes. 解析：主旨大意題。文章最后兩段是倒數(shù)第三段的兩個(gè)例子，由倒數(shù)第三段的“the fancy gift boxes that...”可知答案。 答案：D 11．What kind of mooncakes is NOT made by Beijings Nuo Hotel? A．Charcoal burning fragrant Puer tea. B．Cheese mango. C．White lotus with egg yolk. D．Greenbean paste. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話可知A、B、C三項(xiàng)都是Beijings Nuo Hotel制作的。由倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句可知D項(xiàng)指代的內(nèi)容是由上海和平飯店制作的。 答案：D D Confucius is one of a handful of individuals who have shaped world history. His fame can be pared to great leaders and emperors, but Confucius neither manded an army nor ruled a state yet his teachings shaped the soul of China. Confucianism，the great system of moral philosophy, or Confucius as he is known in the West, became the basis for personal and government morality in China. For a period of almost 1,500 years, the teachings of Confucius formed the basis of the Chinese state religion. Even today his teachings continue to influence modern China and its culture. Confucius was born in the year 551 B．C. in the state of Lu, in what is now the modern Chinese province of Shandong. At the age of 19, Confucius married and entered into government service for the state of Lu. He also began acquiring a band of disciples who were drawn to his teachings about personal behaviour and morality. In 497 B．C. when Confucius was 54 years old, he was forced to leave the state. He traveled throughout China, surrounded by a band of faithful followers, teaching his moral philosophy. He eventually returned to his native state of Lu, where he attempted to influence the ruler. Confucius died in 479 B．C. His son and his most promising pupils had died before him and it seemed that his teachings would not take root. But his students had collected many of his sayings in a book which came to be known as The Analects of Confucius, and in time the seeds that Confucius had planted took root and spread throughout China. In time, Confucianism became the official state religion of China. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇人物傳記，簡(jiǎn)述了孔子的生平、《論語(yǔ)》的形成及其對(duì)中國(guó)文化的影響。 12．Which of the following statements can best describe the influence of Confucius? A．He is one of the greatest leaders in the world history. B．He is one of the few persons who have influenced the world history greatly. C．His contributions to the world are only second to those of some great leaders. D．Confucianism is still the basis of the Chinese state religion. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。“Confucius is one of a handful of individuals who have shaped world history.” (第一段第一句)在為數(shù)不多的影響世界歷史發(fā)展的人物中，孔子就是其中之一?？芍?，孔子是少數(shù)影響世界歷史發(fā)展的人物之一。故選B。 答案：B 13．The following facts can reflect the popularity of Confucianism EXCEPT “________”． A．Many students studied under Confucius in his early life. B．Many students followed Confucius when he traveled around China. C．After Confucius passed away, his students circulated his thoughts. D．Many kings invited Confucius to help with their rule. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。He also began acquiring a band of disciples who were drawn to his teachings about personal behaviour and morality.(第二段最后一句)可知，A項(xiàng)符合文意；He traveled through China, surrounded by a band of faith followers，teaching his moral philosopy(第三段第二句)可知，B項(xiàng)符合文意；But his students had collected many of his sayings in a book...(第二段倒數(shù)第二句)可知，C項(xiàng)符合文意。而D項(xiàng)在文中并沒(méi)有提到。故選D。 答案：D 14．It can be inferred from the text that ________. A．everybody in ancient China believed in Confucianism B．Confucius may not have been so successful in his political life C．Confucius is the most powerful person in shaping the world history D．Confucianism doesnt have any effect on Chinese culture any longer 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“At the age of 19, Confucius married and entered into government service for the state of Lu.”及第三段中“In 497 B．C. when confucius was 54 years old, he was forced to leave the state.”可推知，孔子在政治上并不成功。故選B。 答案：B 15．The best title of the text is “________”． A．The Life Story of Confucius B．The Influence of Confucius Thoughts C．The Political Life of Confucius D．The Ups and Downs in the Life of Confucius 解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第一段寫了孔子的成就和影響；第二、三段寫了孔子早期的政治生涯和中后期的教學(xué)生涯；最后一段寫了《論語(yǔ)》的問(wèn)世使孔子學(xué)說(shuō)在中國(guó)開花結(jié)果。從全文的結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，本文是孔子的傳記。故選A。 答案：A