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ThisisAmerica Highlights TopicHigherEducationinAmericaWordsandPhrassescomplex involvement attend specialize asaresult divideinto earnaliving majorinGrammartipsTenses PassageA Thinkaboutthefollowingquestions 1 DoyouknowanyfamousuniversitiesintheUS 2 HowaboutthehighereducationoftheUSinyourmind 3 Doyouknowwhatthedifferenceisbetweenacollegeandauniversity HigherEducationinAmerica Americahasaverywell developedhighereducationsystemwithalargescaleandcomplextypes Itfocusesontrainingstudentstoobtainnewknowledgeandtheabilityofanalysisandcreation Paragraph1 words 1 well developedadj fullydeveloped完善的 健全的e g well developed是個(gè)復(fù)合詞 英語(yǔ)中復(fù)合詞是由兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上的自由詞素組成 表達(dá)單一的語(yǔ)意概念 例如 son in law女婿 養(yǎng)子oil field油田 n 尤指與其他事物相比 規(guī)模 程度 范圍e g onalargescale很大規(guī)模onaglobalscale在全球范圍內(nèi)v scalesth down back減少 數(shù)量 縮小 規(guī)?；蛘叻秶?scalesth up增大 擴(kuò)大規(guī)模數(shù)量eg Wearethinkingofscalingdownourtrainingprogrammesnextyear 2 scale skeil words adj 復(fù)雜的 難懂的 綜合的plexmachinery結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的機(jī)器thecomplexstructureofthehumanbrain復(fù)雜的人腦結(jié)構(gòu) 3 complex words 集中 注意力 精力 于 e g Timeislimited Pleasefocusyourattentiononyourwork 時(shí)間有限 請(qǐng)集中精力在你的工作上 Thediscussionfocusedonthreemainproblems 討論集中在三個(gè)主要問(wèn)題上 4 focuson upon words n 對(duì)事物的 分析 分析結(jié)果e g Hehasgivenanacuteanalysisoftheaccident 對(duì)于這次事故 他給出了敏銳的分析 Thebookisananalysisofpovertyanditscauses 這本書(shū)分析了貧困及其原因 5 analysis words Theyhavepubliccollegesanduniversitiesandprivateones Abigdifferenceinvolvesmoney StateschoolscostlessbecausetheygetmoneyfromtheStatesthatstartedthemtolocalcitizens Asaresult out of stateandinternationalstudentsusuallypaymorethanstateresidents atleastthefirstyear Paragraph2 adj 公立的 公共的e g apubliceducationsystem公共教育體系apubliclibrary公共圖書(shū)館 6 public words adj 私立的 民營(yíng)的 私人的e g privatedoctor私人醫(yī)生 7 private v 包含 需要e g Anyinvestmentinvolvesanelementofrisk 任何投資都有一定的冒險(xiǎn)成分 Manyofthecrimesinvolvesdrugs 許多罪案都與毒品有關(guān) 8 involve words 后果 結(jié)果e g Hewaslateasaresultofthesnow 他因?yàn)橄卵┒t到 Hemadeonebigmistake and asaresult losthisjob 他犯了個(gè)打錯(cuò) 丟了工作 9 asaresult of words n 居民 住戶(hù)e g Incomelevelofurbanandruralresidentsincreaserapidly 城市和農(nóng)村居民的收入水平增長(zhǎng)很快 10 resident words e g It llcostatleast500dollars 它至少要花費(fèi)500美元 10 resident 11 atleast至少 But ofcourse pricesalonedonotsayanythingaboutqualityofaschoolorthevalueofaneducation 12 alone僅僅 單 只 用于名詞或代詞后以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣 Paragraph3 Collegesanduniversitieshavemanythingsincommon Bothofferundergraduatedegreesintheartsandsciences forexample Andbothcanhelpprepareyoungpeopletoearnaliving Butmanycollegesdonotoffergraduatestudies Anotherdifferenceisthatuniversitiesaregenerallybigger Theyoffermoreprogramsanddomoreresearch Paragraph4 n 東西 地方 有相同的特征 或特點(diǎn)等 e g Thetwocultureshavealotincommon 這兩種文化具有許多相同之處 words 13 havesth incommon 代詞 與復(fù)數(shù)名次連用 兩個(gè) 兩個(gè)都e g BoththewomenareFrench 兩名婦女都是法國(guó)人 14 both words both and 不僅 而且Bothhismotherandhisfatherwillbethere 他父母二人都要去那里 15 undergraduate words n 大學(xué)本科生 postgraduate graduate碩士研究生doctoralcandidate博士研究生 Arts文科 如語(yǔ)言學(xué) 歷史學(xué) 文學(xué)等等 Sciences理科 物理 化學(xué)等 16 artsandsciences words 謀生 營(yíng)生e g Sheearnedalivingasapart timesecretary 她靠做兼職秘書(shū)為生 It sknowntoallthatJingdezhenearnsitslivinginmakingchina 眾所周知 景德鎮(zhèn)以制瓷器為生 17 earnaliving words Anotherplaceofhighereducation especiallyintechnicalareas isaninstitute liketheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology Yetevenaninstituteoftechnologycanofferawidechoiceofprogramsandactivities M I Tsaysthatseventy fivepercentoffreshmencometherewithastronginterestandinvolvementinarts Paragraph5 18 institute words n 學(xué)會(huì) 研究所 研究院e g institutesofhighereducation高等學(xué)校aresearchinstitute研究所 19 freshman n 大一新生 20 involvement words Involvementin withsth 耗費(fèi)時(shí)間 投入 沉迷e g Hergrowinginvolvementwithmusic 她對(duì)音樂(lè)投入日益增長(zhǎng) M I Tsaysthatseventy fivepercentoffreshmencometherewithastronginterestandinvolvementinarts 麻省理工學(xué)院表示 有百分之七十五的大一學(xué)生選擇該校是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)文科非常感興趣 非常沉迷 介詞with 名詞或代詞 組 組成的一般的with短語(yǔ)在句子中可以作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ) 做狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)候 它能表示時(shí)間 伴隨和條件 本句中with短語(yǔ)表示原因 ThefirstAmericanuniversitiesdividedtheirstudiesintoanumberofareasandcalledeachoneacollege Thisisstilltrue Acollegecanalsobeapartofauniversity Forexample HarvardcollegeistheUndergraduatepartofHarvardUniversity Programsinhigherlearningcanalsobecalledschools likeaschoolofengineeringoramedicalschoolwithinacollegeoruniversity Paragraph6 7 21 divided into words 劃分 分割 分成e g Whitelinesdividedtheplayingareaintosections 這些白線(xiàn)將賽區(qū)分成了各個(gè)部分 22 school words 高等學(xué)校的 學(xué)院 系e g theuniversitymedical lawschool大學(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)院 法學(xué)院theschooloflanguages語(yǔ)言系 Paragraph8 Undergraduatesarethestudentsinthefirstfouryearsofhighereducation orwhatAmericanscallcollege IntheUnitedStates thatmeansthefouryearsaftertwelfthgrade Buttheworkdoesnotallhavetobedoneatthesamecollege Forexample astudentmayfirstattendatwo yearschool alsocalledacommunitycollegeorjuniorcollege Studentswhocompleteatwo yearcourseofstudyearnanassociatedegree Startingatacommunitycollegecansavealotofmoneyifthestudentswanttogoontoafour yearcollegeorabiguniversity 23 communitycollege社區(qū)學(xué)院 words 24 juniorcollege兩年制專(zhuān)科學(xué)校 Acollegethatismainlyforstudentsfromthelocalcommunityandthatoffersprogrammesthataretwoyearslong includingprogrammesinpracticalskills 在美國(guó)為當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)學(xué)生提供兩年制課程 結(jié)業(yè)后可上四年制大學(xué) Acollegethatoffersprogrammesthataretwo yearslong Somestudentsgotoauniversityorcollegeofferingfour yearprogrammesaftertheyhavefinishedstudyingatajuniorcollege 25 associatedegree words 準(zhǔn)學(xué)士學(xué)位 副學(xué)士學(xué)位 獲得兩年制高校學(xué)位 e g anassociatedirector副導(dǎo)演 associate v 聯(lián)系associatesb sthwithsb sthe g Ialwaysassociatethesmallofbakingwithmychildhood 一聞到烘烤食物的味道我就想起了童年 Paragraph9 10 StudentswhomajorinascientificareareceiveaBachelorofSciencedegree knownasB S StudentsintheartsandhumanitiesgetaB A aBachelorofArts Schoolsmayalsoofferspecializeddegrees likeabachelorofmusic Afterstudentshaveabachelor sdegree theymaygoontoearnagraduatedegree eitheramaster sdegreeoradoctorate 26 major words v 主修majorine g ShemajoredinHistoryatStanford 她在斯坦福大學(xué)主修歷史學(xué) n 主修課程 專(zhuān)業(yè)課程HermajorisHistory StudentswhomajorinascientificareareceiveaBachelorofSciencedegree knownasB S words 譯文 主修理科的學(xué)生將會(huì)取得理學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位 簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)B S who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 先行詞是students 27 humanities words n 人文學(xué)科 尤指文學(xué) 語(yǔ)言 歷史和哲學(xué) 28 specialize v 專(zhuān)門(mén)研究 專(zhuān)門(mén)從事e g Hespecializedincriminallaw 他專(zhuān)攻刑法 specializedadj 專(zhuān)用的 專(zhuān)業(yè)的 equipment專(zhuān)用設(shè)備 29 either or words 要么 要么 不是 就是 或者 或者 e g I mgoingtobuyeitheracameraoraCDplayerwiththemoney 我準(zhǔn)備用這筆錢(qián)買(mǎi)一架相機(jī)或者買(mǎi)一臺(tái)激光唱片機(jī) 對(duì)事物的選擇 30 doctorate words n 博士學(xué)位