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小詞不可忽視-冠詞、介詞、數(shù)詞和代詞 Ⅰ. 單句填空 ?　(2018龍巖二模)The local drama “Huiban” was popular in South China during the __eighteenth/18th__ (eighteen) century. 解析：考查數(shù)詞。設(shè)空前是定冠詞the，設(shè)空后是名詞century，表在“幾世紀”，應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞。 ?　(2018銀川一中三模)Zhang Xiaoquan Scissors are produced in Hangzhou City， __the__ provincial capital of Zhejiang Province in East China. 解析：考查冠詞。句意：張小泉剪刀產(chǎn)于杭州市。杭州是華東浙江省的省會城市。該處特指杭州是浙江省的省會城市，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。 ?　(2018龍巖二模)It is the most well－known Chinese opera form，recognized as “Oriental Opera” __with__ a long history of 160 years. 解析：考查介詞。句意：它是最著名的中國戲劇形式，被認為是有著160年歷史的東方戲劇。表“有多長時間的歷史”，應(yīng)用with a history of. . . 。 ?　(2017石家莊考前模擬)Sugar paintings are made of melted brown or white sugar，with which craftsmen can paint __a__ variety of animals and flowers. 解析：考查冠詞。設(shè)空與空后的variety of構(gòu)成固定短語，a variety of，意為“各種各樣的”。 ?　(2018黃岡二模)If we are not aware __of__ these differences，some unusual things might happen. 解析：考查介詞。句意：如果我們意識不到這些區(qū)別會發(fā)生一些不同尋常的事情。be aware of“意識到……”，是固定用法。 ?　(2018遂寧二模)On this day，dragons，a prominent totem (圖騰) in Chinese culture raise __their__ (they) heads with the sound of thunder. 解析：考查代詞。句意：在這一天，中國文化中的圖騰，龍聽到雷聲抬起頭。設(shè)空后是名詞heads，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)填形容詞性物主代詞their。 ?　(2017皖北二模)I told him I wanted him to have some memory of the visit，even though he didn’t get to see it __himself__ (he). 解析：考查代詞。設(shè)空在句中作賓語，且與主語he是同一人，應(yīng)用反身代詞。 ?　(2018北京)—Good morning，Mr. Lee’s office. —Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment __for__ next Wednesday afternoon. 解析：考查介詞。句意：——早上好，Lee先生辦公室?！缟虾?。我想預(yù)約下周三下午(和Mr. Lee見面)。make an appointment for意為“為……預(yù)約”，是固定搭配。make an appointment with sb. 和某人預(yù)約。 ?　(2017太原一模)A mouse，because of __an__ unlucky chance，made close friends with an evil frog. One day， __the__ frog played a trick on the mouse. 解析：考查冠詞。第一空后是形容詞unlucky，是元音音素開始的單詞，應(yīng)用不定冠詞an；第二空frog是可數(shù)名詞，且在本題中第二次出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。 　(2018唐山三模) __As__ a water sport，swimming does less harm to joints (關(guān)節(jié)) and muscles. 解析：考查介詞。句意：作為水上運動，游泳對關(guān)節(jié)和肌肉傷害很小。根據(jù)語境可知該處填介詞As。as作介詞講時，意為“作為”。 　(2018棗莊二模)History suggests that this great structure built by the ancient Chinese over many years as a barrier to protect their land __against__ invaders from the northern borders of the country. 解析：考查介詞。protect. . . against. . . “保護……免受……的傷害”。 　(2017蚌埠三模)As one volunteer once put __it__ ，“I feel as though I am able to help in the world and use my skills. ” 解析：考查固定用法。as sb. put it“正如某人所說”。 　(2017錦州二模)This is a group of people who have been familiar __with__ social media as soon as they came to the world. 解析：考查介詞。句意：這群人一出生就熟悉社交媒介。bc familiar with. . . “熟悉……” 　It is said that one __fifth__ (five) of pupils here go on to study at Peking or Tsing Hua University. 解析：句意：據(jù)說這兒有五分之一的學生上北京或清華大學。表達簡單分數(shù)時，分子應(yīng)用基數(shù)詞，分母應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞，表“五分之一”，應(yīng)用one fifth，故設(shè)空填fifth。 　When she retired and went back home in the 1990s，she was already in her __fifties__ (fifty). 解析：句意：當她在20世紀90年代退休回家，她早已50多歲了?！癷n one’s＋基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表“在某人幾十多歲時”。 Ⅱ. 單句改錯 ?　The young man doesn’t have many experience. He probably can’t do that job. __many→much__ 解析：句意：這個年輕人幾乎沒有經(jīng)驗，他可能做不了那份工作。experience作“經(jīng)驗”講時，為不可數(shù)名詞；作“經(jīng)歷”講時，為不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處的experience表示“經(jīng)驗”，故不可用many或few修飾，但可用much或little修飾。much或little修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 ?　(2018鄂爾多斯二模)It had a history of over eight hundreds years. __hundreds→hundred__ 解析：表“百、千、萬”等的hundred，thousand，million等數(shù)詞前如有具體的數(shù)詞，應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。 ?　Between 1995 and 2000，two third of the island’s population was forced to flee to other countries. __third→thirds__ 解析：當分數(shù)的分母大于一時，分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。two thirds“三分之二”。 ?　(2018廣西考前模擬)Though she left with the money，she returned later with wine，chocolates and some others treats to say thanks. __others→other__ 解析：others相當于other＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)將others改為other。 ?　(2018皖南八校三模)I have bee a well－known figure out in our city. __去掉out__ 解析：該處指一個有名的人物，figure用作名詞。figure out“弄清楚”，是固定的動詞短語。 ?　The moment the plane took off，it felt so nervous that I was afraid to look out the window. __it→I；out后加of__ 解析：該處指我緊張得不敢往窗外看。故代詞it改為I。look out of“朝……外面看”。