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1、專題五非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專題五非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的分類、意義及構(gòu)成非謂語(yǔ)形式構(gòu)成特征和作用時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)否定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不定式to doto be doingto have doneto be doneto have been done在非謂語(yǔ)前加notfor sb.to do sth.具有名詞、副詞和形容詞的作用，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doinghaving donebeing donehaving been done具有副詞和形容詞的作用，在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞done動(dòng)名詞doinghaving donebeing donehaving been d

2、onesb.s doing具有名詞的作用，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ). 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)的區(qū)別情況常用動(dòng)詞熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背只接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞hope，want，offer，long，fail，expect，wish，ask，decide，pretend，manage，agree，afford，determine，promise，happenHe offered _ (spare)a room for me.Who can expect _(teach) a class full of naughty children?to spareto teach情況常用動(dòng)詞熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背只接動(dòng)名

3、詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)mind，miss，enjoy，imagine，practise，suggest，finish，escape，excuse，appreciate，admit，prevent，keep，dislike，avoid，risk，resist，considerHow I enjoy _ (spend)a holiday with you!The boy had to admit _ (cheat) in the exam.cant help，feel like，succeed in，be fond of，object to，get down to，be engaged in，ins

4、ist on，think of，be proud of，take pride in，set about，be afraid of，be tired of，look forward to，devote oneself to，be worth，be busy，pay attention to，stick toHearing the news, I couldnt help _ (laugh)On arriving home, I got down to _ (prepare) for the supper.Do you object to me _(smoke) here?spendingchea

5、tinglaughingpreparingsmoking情況常用動(dòng)詞熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背兩者都可以意義基本相同begin，start，like，love，hate，prefer，continue(接不定式多指具體的動(dòng)作，接動(dòng)名詞多指一般或習(xí)慣性行為)Im beginning _(realize) what I have done is of great significance.need，want，require(接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，若接不定式則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式)Do you see your car needs_(clean)?意義相反stop to do停止手中的事，去做另一件事sto

6、p doing停止正在做的事After an hour, we stopped_(practice) shooting_(take) a rest.to realizecleaningpractisingto take情況常用動(dòng)詞熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背兩者都可以意義不同remember/forget/regret to do(指動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生)remember/forget/regret doing(指動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)Now, I regret _(forget)_(take)an umbrella, or I wouldnt look like a drowned rat.go on to do(接著

7、做另外一件事)go on doing(接著做同一件事)After a short rest, we went on _(pick) apples for the peasants.to forget taking picking 情況常用動(dòng)詞熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背兩者都可以意義不同try to do(設(shè)法，努力去做，盡力)try doing(試試去做，看有何結(jié)果)Why dont you try_(do) the work in another way?mean to do(打算做，企圖做)mean doing (意味著)I had meant _ (come)to help you, but my

8、 boss got me to work overtime.cant help to do(不能幫忙做)cant help doing(忍不住做)Im sorry I cant help_(paint) the wallsI have an appointment.doingto come(to) paint.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別常見(jiàn)的跟非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系及時(shí)間概念熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背不定式ask，beg，expect，get，order，tell，want，wish，encourage主謂關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作將發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成He is often heard _(si

9、ng) as he works.He was noticed _(take) away by the police.I found her _(listen) to the radio.have，notice，see，watch，hear，feel，let，maketo singtakenlistening常見(jiàn)的跟非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系及時(shí)間概念熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背現(xiàn)在分詞notice，see，watch，hear，find，keep，have，feel主謂關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，尚未完成We found the village greatly_(change)過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)賓關(guān)

10、系。動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)changed.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別區(qū)別熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背不定式與被修飾詞往往有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，一般式表示將來(lái)，進(jìn)行式表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，完成式表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生I have a lot of papers_(type)I have a lot of papers_(type)Please finish it by 4 pm.動(dòng)名詞通常指被修飾詞的用途，無(wú)邏輯上的關(guān)系Shall we go to the_(swim) pool?to typeto be typedswimming區(qū)別熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背現(xiàn)在分詞與被修飾詞之間是主謂關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生His

11、 hand was burned by the_(boil) water.Take this medicine with the_(boil) water.She was walking on the_(fall) leaves with_(fall) leaves falling on her face.過(guò)去分詞與被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成boilingboiledfallenfallingV.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別區(qū)別熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作就是句子主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作，它們之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。_(be) sick，I stayed at h

12、ome._ (tell) many times，he still repeated the same mistake.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示的動(dòng)作是句子主語(yǔ)承受的動(dòng)作，它們之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系_(face) with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.BeingHaving been told/ToldFaced區(qū)別熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背分詞作狀語(yǔ)一般表示伴隨，而不定式常常表示目的They stood by the roadside_(talk) about the plan.(伴隨)They gathered up _ (elect)the monitor.(目的)分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)；而獨(dú)立主格作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面的名詞(代詞)就是獨(dú)立主格這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，它和句子的主語(yǔ)不一致_(see) from the hill，the park looks very beautiful.(分詞作狀語(yǔ))The weather_(turn) fine，we went for a walk.(獨(dú)立主格作狀語(yǔ))talkingto electSeenturning