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1、Module 3Music Adverbial clause of time狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句在句中起狀語(yǔ)作用，修飾主句的狀語(yǔ)從句在句中起狀語(yǔ)作用，修飾主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。狀語(yǔ)從句按用途可分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、地狀語(yǔ)從句按用途可分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、比較狀語(yǔ)從句和方式狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句、比較狀語(yǔ)從句和方式狀語(yǔ)從句。when, while與與as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 1. w

2、hen可指一段時(shí)間，也可指某個(gè)具可指一段時(shí)間，也可指某個(gè)具體時(shí)間，所以體時(shí)間，所以when引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是瞬動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是瞬間動(dòng)詞。它所引導(dǎo)從句的動(dòng)作可以與間動(dòng)詞。它所引導(dǎo)從句的動(dòng)作可以與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生、先于或者后于主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生、先于或者后于發(fā)生。如：發(fā)生。如：When she finished her homework, she went to the supermarket with her friend. When he got to the station, the train had already left.

3、When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. 注意：主句為將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，注意：主句為將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，常用常用when來(lái)引導(dǎo)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用現(xiàn)來(lái)引導(dǎo)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。如：在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。如：When the president comes here for a visit next month, Ill give the welcome speech. 2. while只能表示持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，不只能表示持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，不能表示暫時(shí)性或短暫性的動(dòng)作。所以能表示暫時(shí)性或短

4、暫性的動(dòng)作。所以while往往與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，不與瞬間動(dòng)詞連往往與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，不與瞬間動(dòng)詞連用，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作通常與主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同用，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作通常與主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：時(shí)發(fā)生。如：While Im running, Im thinking about all sorts of things about my future. While my mom was cooking in the kitchen, I was watching the latest movie in my room. 3. as表示表示“隨著隨著；一邊；一邊，一邊，一邊”。當(dāng)主句、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，從。當(dāng)主

5、句、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，從句動(dòng)作的時(shí)間概念淡化，而主要表示主句句動(dòng)作的時(shí)間概念淡化，而主要表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或條件時(shí)，只能用動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或條件時(shí)，只能用 as。as所表示的動(dòng)作具有延續(xù)的含義，一般同所表示的動(dòng)作具有延續(xù)的含義，一般同延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，通常是和主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，通常是和主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，不可以在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的作同時(shí)發(fā)生，不可以在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的之前或者之后。如：之前或者之后。如：As he grew older, he began to go deaf. 4. when, while與與as可通用的情況可通用的情況when, while與與as都表示主、從句的

6、動(dòng)作或都表示主、從句的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)發(fā)生，當(dāng)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為持狀態(tài)同時(shí)發(fā)生，當(dāng)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，這三者可以互相通用。如：續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，這三者可以互相通用。如：When / While / As the teacher was discussing the topic with us, the headmaster came in. after, before與與by引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 1.after所引導(dǎo)的從句通常發(fā)生在主句的所引導(dǎo)的從句通常發(fā)生在主句的動(dòng)作之前，如果主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，那么動(dòng)作之前，如果主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，那么從句的句子動(dòng)作就要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句的句子動(dòng)作

7、就要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，以便體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后。以便體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后。 before引導(dǎo)的從句的動(dòng)作通常發(fā)生在引導(dǎo)的從句的動(dòng)作通常發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之后，如果從句是過(guò)去時(shí)，主句動(dòng)作之后，如果從句是過(guò)去時(shí)，主句一般要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：主句一般要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：After we had finished the work, we went home.Thousands of teenagers had already got there before the superstar arrived. 2. “by +時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間名詞”意思是意思是“到到時(shí)為時(shí)為止，在止，在時(shí)之前時(shí)之前”。例如，。例如， by

8、 the time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果用一引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)； by the time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞如果用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。例如：用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。例如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book.By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.1. _ i

9、t was performed in America, there was an audience of 100,000 people.2. _ he was very young, Mozart had a lot of musical talent.3. _ he was still a teenager, he was a big star.4. _ he grew older, he began to go deaf.WhenWhenWhileAsRecall the sentences from Reading and Vocabulary and then fill in the

10、blanks.Match the two parts of each sentence. 1. When Mozart was very young, 2. By the time he was a teenager,3. While he was in Vienna,4. As Beethoven grew older, a)he found it more difficult to compose good music.b)he learnt to play the harpsichord.c)he performed for the Empress.d)he was performing

11、 concerts all over Europe.The past perfect tense過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) 1. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作。它表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間為它表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間為“過(guò)去的過(guò)去的過(guò)去過(guò)去”。例如：。例如：After they had become stars in their own country, the Beatles toured the United States.By the end of last month, we had learned twelve Eng

12、lish songs.2. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始并一直持續(xù)到那時(shí)的之前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始并一直持續(xù)到那時(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：We hadnt seen each other since I left my hometown.注意：注意：1. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)由過(guò)去完成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞had + 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。過(guò)去完成時(shí)常與構(gòu)成。過(guò)去完成時(shí)常與by, for, before, since等介詞短語(yǔ)或由等介詞短語(yǔ)或由after, before, since, when, by the time等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。如：等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從

13、句連用。如：By the end of last year, we had learned seven hundred English words.They hadnt finished their work when I arrived at the office.2. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)過(guò)去的過(guò)去去”；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去。例如：去。例如：By the late 1960s, their music had changed completely. （表示在（表示在20世紀(jì)世紀(jì)60年代后期年代后期 過(guò)去時(shí)間過(guò)

14、去時(shí)間 之前，他們的音樂(lè)就已經(jīng)改變之前，他們的音樂(lè)就已經(jīng)改變了）了）In the late 1960s their music changed completely. （表示在（表示在20世紀(jì)世紀(jì)60年代后期時(shí)，年代后期時(shí)，他們的音樂(lè)改變了）他們的音樂(lè)改變了）Complete these sentences. 1. 他說(shuō)他以前見(jiàn)過(guò)你。他說(shuō)他以前見(jiàn)過(guò)你。He said that he _ (see) you before.had seen2. 到了六點(diǎn)鐘為止，他們已經(jīng)工作了八到了六點(diǎn)鐘為止，他們已經(jīng)工作了八小時(shí)了。小時(shí)了。By six oclock they _ (work) for eight

15、 hours. had worked3. 我到廣州時(shí)，他在那里很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。我到廣州時(shí)，他在那里很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。When I went to Guangzhou , he _ (be) there for a long time.had been4. 到上個(gè)月中旬我們?cè)诒本┳×擞形迥甑缴蟼€(gè)月中旬我們?cè)诒本┳×擞形迥陼r(shí)間了。時(shí)間了。By the middle of last month, we _ (live) in Beijing for five years.had lived5. 她到家時(shí)，她的孩子已經(jīng)睡著了。她到家時(shí)，她的孩子已經(jīng)睡著了。When she got home, her child

16、ren _ (sleep).had slept6. 在他們到達(dá)之前電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。在他們到達(dá)之前電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。Before they arrived, the film _ already _ (start).hadstartedComplete these sentences with the verbs in brackets.1.Before Ringo _ (join) the Beatles, he _ (play) drums in another band.2.Before they _ (tour) America, the Beatles _ (become) stars

17、in their own country.joinedhad playedtouredhad become3. Before they _ (record) Let It Be, the Beatles _ (record) eleven other albums.4. After they _ (record) Let It Be, the band _ (split up).5. After the group _ (split up), all the Beatles _ (perform) as solo artists.recordedhad recordedrecordedspli

18、t upsplit upperformed6. Unfortunately, he _ at the show when I _. (arrive) (leave)7. By the time we _ at the stadium, the band _ playing. (arrive) (begin)had leftarrivedarrivedhad begun8. Fortunately, the power cut _ after the fans _ the stadium. (happen) (leave)9. Before he _ his latest album, he _

19、 some songs with Paul McCartney. (make) (record)happenedlefthad maderecorded(2012江西卷江西卷31.) You can borrow my car _ you promise not too fast. A. unless B. even C. in case D. as long as【解析解析】把語(yǔ)句意思能正確銜接就是解把語(yǔ)句意思能正確銜接就是解題的關(guān)鍵，題的關(guān)鍵，A項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“除非，如果除非，如果不不”，B項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“即使即使”，C項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“萬(wàn)一，以防萬(wàn)一，以防”，D項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“如果，只如果，只要要

20、”，顯然，顯然D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)意：你可以借用項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)意：你可以借用我的車(chē)子只要你承諾不要開(kāi)車(chē)太快。我的車(chē)子只要你承諾不要開(kāi)車(chē)太快。D (2012湖南湖南28). _ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. A.While B. Once C. If D. Until【解析解析】句意：盡管我老覺(jué)得我會(huì)通過(guò)考句意：盡管我老覺(jué)得我會(huì)通過(guò)考試，然而，我從來(lái)不曾想過(guò)會(huì)得試，然而，我從來(lái)不曾想過(guò)會(huì)得“A等等”。根據(jù)上下文可以看出，題干需要一個(gè)引導(dǎo)根據(jù)上下文可以看出，題干需要一個(gè)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞。讓步狀語(yǔ)從

21、句的連詞。while在這里等于在這里等于though。A(2012江蘇江蘇30). Ones life has value _ one brings value to the life of others.A.so that B. no matter how C. as long as D. except that【解析解析】as long as意為意為“只要只要”；so that意為意為“以便；因此以便；因此”；no matter how意為意為“不管怎樣不管怎樣”；except that意為意為“除除了了”。句意為：只要一個(gè)人給別人的生活。句意為：只要一個(gè)人給別人的生活帶來(lái)價(jià)值，那么他的生

22、命就有價(jià)值。，根帶來(lái)價(jià)值，那么他的生命就有價(jià)值。，根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)選據(jù)題意，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。C(2012全國(guó)全國(guó)I25). I dont believe weve met before, I must say you do look familiar.A.therefore B. although B.since D. unless【解析解析】分析題干可知，空格處表示的分析題干可知，空格處表示的是一種讓步關(guān)系，在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，是一種讓步關(guān)系，在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，B選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)與題意相符。因此，正確答案為與題意相符。因此，正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)。B(2012山東山東27). He smiled politely

23、_Mary apologized for her drunken friends.A.as B. if C. unless D. though【解析解析】as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候的時(shí)候”；if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“如如果果”；unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“除除非非否則的話(huà)否則的話(huà)”；though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為意為“雖然，盡管雖然，盡管”。本句意為。本句意為“當(dāng)當(dāng)Mary為為她喝醉酒的朋友道歉時(shí)，他禮貌地微笑了一她喝醉酒的朋友道歉時(shí)，他禮貌地微笑了一下。下?！盇(2012北京北京21

24、). Look at those clouds! Dont worry. _ it rains, well still have a great time.A. Even if B. As though C. In case D. If only【解析解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，空白處表示的是讓根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，空白處表示的是讓步關(guān)系，步關(guān)系，“_ it rains, well still have a great time.”為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，可知，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此，正確答案選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此，正確答案為為A選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)。A(2011重慶卷重慶卷) To show our

25、respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _ we are to shake hands with.A.whichever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever 【解析解析】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為“我我們不論是跟誰(shuí)握手的時(shí)候，我們常常將們不論是跟誰(shuí)握手的時(shí)候，我們常常將手套取下，以示尊敬。手套取下，以示尊敬?！眘hake hands with sb.表示表示“與某人握手與某人握手”，本句中的，本句中的with后缺少賓語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意選后缺少賓語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意選C項(xiàng)，項(xiàng)，whoever在句中引

26、導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。在句中引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。C(2012福建福建30). It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _ gets more financial support from the European Union.A.if B. unless C. because D. since【解析解析】根據(jù)句意可知根據(jù)句意可知“除非有來(lái)自歐洲聯(lián)除非有來(lái)自歐洲聯(lián)盟的更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)支持，否則希臘政府很難克盟的更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)支持，否則希臘政府很難克服目前的困難服目前的困難”，只能選擇，只能選擇unless“除

27、非除非”才才能使句意完整?？疾闋钫Z(yǔ)從句的連詞題事實(shí)能使句意完整?？疾闋钫Z(yǔ)從句的連詞題事實(shí)上非常簡(jiǎn)單，只要找到句中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后上非常簡(jiǎn)單，只要找到句中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后從句意上去排除就行了，本題關(guān)鍵詞是從句意上去排除就行了，本題關(guān)鍵詞是hard和和more financial support。B(2012四川四川4.) At school, some students are active _ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A.whileB. although C. so D. as【解析解析】根據(jù)句意：在學(xué)

28、校，一些學(xué)生很活根據(jù)句意：在學(xué)校，一些學(xué)生很活躍然而一些學(xué)生很害羞，然而他們都能夠彼躍然而一些學(xué)生很害羞，然而他們都能夠彼此成為好朋友。此成為好朋友。while引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示對(duì)引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示對(duì)比，然而。比，然而。although盡管，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從盡管，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；句；so因此，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；因此，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；as盡管，盡管，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，從句經(jīng)常倒裝，由此可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，從句經(jīng)常倒裝，由此可知答案知答案A符合語(yǔ)境。符合語(yǔ)境。A(2008江西卷江西卷) Animals suffered at the hands of Man _ they were destro

29、yed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people. A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that【解析解析】考查原因狀語(yǔ)從句?？疾樵驙钫Z(yǔ)從句。A和和B選選項(xiàng)主要用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；項(xiàng)主要用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；C選項(xiàng)引導(dǎo)目選項(xiàng)引導(dǎo)目的和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；的和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；D選項(xiàng)是選項(xiàng)是“因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)椤敝?，引?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，意，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本題不是定語(yǔ)從句。本題不是定語(yǔ)從句。D (2012天津天津14.) Everything was placed exactly _ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.A. whileB. whenC. where D. though【解析解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“Everything was placed exactly he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.”為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。由此結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，只有為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。由此結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，只有C選項(xiàng)可以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。因此，正確選項(xiàng)可以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。因此，正確答案為答案為C選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)。C