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1、一、單詞識(shí)記一、單詞識(shí)記 1. _ n.& vt. 濫用；虐待濫用；虐待2. _ n. 重音重音 vt. 加壓力于加壓力于3. _ n. 禁令禁令 vt. 禁止禁止; 取締取締4. _ adj. 困難的；強(qiáng)硬的困難的；強(qiáng)硬的5. _ adj. 自動(dòng)的自動(dòng)的automatic abusestressbantough6. _ v. 離開離開, 辭職辭職, 停止停止7. _ n. 結(jié)果結(jié)果, 影響影響, 效果效果8. _ n. 肺肺9. _ adj. 懷孕的懷孕的10. _ adj. 絕望的絕望的desperate quiteffectlungpregnant11. _ n. 化學(xué)家化學(xué)家, 藥劑師

2、藥劑師12. _ n. 針針13. _ adj. 感到慚愧感到慚愧14. _ adj. 氣喘吁吁氣喘吁吁15. _ adj. 局促不安的局促不安的awkwardchemistneedleashamedbreathless二、單詞拓展二、單詞拓展 (A)單詞派生單詞派生1. _ adj. 精神的精神的; 智力的智力的 _ adv. 精神上精神上; 智力上智力上2. _ adj. 正常的正常的 _ adj. 畸形的畸形的; 反常反常的的; 變態(tài)的變態(tài)的abnormal mentalmentallynormal3. _ n. 呼吸呼吸 _ v. 呼吸呼吸 _ adj. 屏息的屏息的breathles

3、s breathbreathe4. _ v. 放松放松 _ n. 放松放松relaxation relax5. _ v. 使使失望失望 _ adj. 感到失望的感到失望的 _ adj. 令人失望的令人失望的 _ n. 失望失望disappointmentdisappointing disappointdisappointed6. _ adj. 弱的弱的 _ v. 使變?nèi)跏棺內(nèi)? 減弱減弱 _ n. 虛弱虛弱weakweakenweakness(B)靈活運(yùn)用靈活運(yùn)用1. The president was _ to hear the _ result on Monday. (disappoint

4、)1. 第一空作表語用形容詞第一空作表語用形容詞, 表示人表示人“感感到失望的到失望的”, 用用disappointed; 第二空在第二空在名詞前作定語名詞前作定語, 用形容詞用形容詞, 表示結(jié)果表示結(jié)果“令令人失望的人失望的”, 用用disappointing。disappointed disappointing2. This medicine can _ the function of another. (weak)作謂語用動(dòng)詞作謂語用動(dòng)詞, 在在can后后, 故用動(dòng)詞原形。故用動(dòng)詞原形。 3. When the child arrived at the top of the buildi

5、ng, he was so tired, which made him _. (breath) 作補(bǔ)語用形容詞作補(bǔ)語用形容詞, 由于到達(dá)頂部時(shí)由于到達(dá)頂部時(shí), he was so tired, 所以此處應(yīng)為所以此處應(yīng)為: 上氣不接下氣。上氣不接下氣。breathless weaken 4. The team was becoming weaker and weaker because of his _ in the match. (relax)前面有前面有his, 故后面用名詞形式。故后面用名詞形式。5. Woman is physically but not _ weaker than ma

6、n. (mental) 副詞修飾后面的形容詞副詞修飾后面的形容詞, 意思為意思為: 女子女子在體力上而不是智力上比男子弱。在體力上而不是智力上比男子弱。mentallyrelaxation1. _ 由于由于2. _ 對(duì)對(duì)上癮上癮3. _ 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于4. _ 作出決定作出決定5. _ 想要想要(做做)三、短語翻譯三、短語翻譯feel like (doing) due tobe addicted tobe/become accustomed todecide on6. _ 不顧；不管不顧；不管7. _ 冒險(xiǎn)冒險(xiǎn)8. _ 陷入陷入; 染上染上(壞習(xí)慣壞習(xí)慣)9. _ 處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn)處境危險(xiǎn)；遭

7、受危險(xiǎn)10. _ 對(duì)對(duì)有影響有影響have an effect onin spite oftake risks (a risk)get into (the habit of)at risk四、課文回顧四、課文回顧 My dear grandson, your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. By the way, did you know that this is 1_ you become addicted in

8、 three different ways? First, you can become physically addicted to nicotine, 2_ is one of the hundreds of harmful chemicals in cigarettes. because which This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to 3_ (have) nicotine in it. So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal symp

9、toms. I remember 4_ (feel) bad-tempered and sometimes even 5_ pain. Secondly, you become addicted through habit. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do 6_ automatically. having feeling in it Lastly, you can become 7_ (mental) addicted. I believed I was happier and

10、 8 _ (relax) after having a cigarette， so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked. I was addicted in all three ways， 9_ it was very difficult to quit. But I 10_ finally manage.mentally more relaxed so did 五、課文概要五、課文概要 以約以約30個(gè)詞概括課文個(gè)詞概括課文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。 Hearing James was addicted to ciga

11、rettes, Granddad wrote a letter telling him how he had managed to quit smoking when young and hoped James would live a long and healthy life like himself.原句原句 I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. 我想我之所以長(zhǎng)壽而且精力充沛我想我之所以長(zhǎng)壽而且精力充沛, 要要?dú)w功于我的健康生活。歸功于我的健康生活。(B6 P18)1. due ad

12、j. 欠款的；預(yù)定的；到期的欠款的；預(yù)定的；到期的例句例句 Her success was largely due to her efforts. 她的成功在很大程度她的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。上是由于她的努力。提示提示 due to與與owing to, because of, as the result of同義同義, 但但due to多用于多用于be后后, 作表語。作表語。運(yùn)用運(yùn)用 根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。 她的失敗主要是因?yàn)樗腻e(cuò)誤判斷她的失敗主要是因?yàn)樗腻e(cuò)誤判斷。Her failure was mostly _ _. 他們的顯著成就是由于他們的努力

13、他們的顯著成就是由于他們的努力學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)。Their remarkable achievement _.is due to their hard workdue to herwrong judgement原句原句 You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes. 你知道你知道, 當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)十當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)十幾歲的孩子的時(shí)候幾歲的孩子的時(shí)候, 我也吸過煙我也吸過煙, 而且而且還上了癮。還上了癮。(B6 P18)2. be addicted to 對(duì)對(duì)上癮上癮例句例句 The smokers ar

14、e addicted to smoking. 抽煙者對(duì)吸煙上癮。抽煙者對(duì)吸煙上癮。提示提示 be addicted to中的中的to是介是介詞短語詞短語, 所以后面接動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般所以后面接動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般用用-ing形式。形式。運(yùn)用運(yùn)用 When you are addicted_ drinking, its quite hard for you to give them up. Some students are addicted to _ (play) computer games.playing to原句原句 This means that after a while your body bec

15、omes accustomed to having nicotine in it. 這就是說這就是說, 過了過了一段時(shí)間以后一段時(shí)間以后, 你的身體習(xí)慣了香煙你的身體習(xí)慣了香煙里的尼古丁。里的尼古丁。(B6 P18)3. be/get accustomed to (doing) sth.習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于提示提示 其中的其中的to是介詞短語是介詞短語, 后面后面接動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般用接動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般用-ing形式。形式。同義同義 be used to (doing) sth.習(xí)慣習(xí)慣于于例句例句 The old are accustomed to getting up early. 年長(zhǎng)者習(xí)慣早起。年長(zhǎng)者習(xí)慣早

16、起。運(yùn)用運(yùn)用 Most of the students are accustomed to _ (do) morning exercises at 7:00 a.m. These disabled people are accustomed _ sitting in the armchairs.todoing原句原句 I was addicted in all three ways so it was very difficult to quit. 我之所以上癮是有著這三個(gè)方面的我之所以上癮是有著這三個(gè)方面的原因的原因的, 因此因此, 要戒煙就很難。要戒煙就很難。(B6 P18)4. quit

17、 vt. 停止停止(做某事做某事)；離開；離開例句例句 Peter quit staying up after he came to the new farm. 當(dāng)彼得來到這當(dāng)彼得來到這個(gè)新農(nóng)場(chǎng)后個(gè)新農(nóng)場(chǎng)后, 他停止了熬夜。他停止了熬夜。提示提示 (1)quit的過去式和過去分詞的過去式和過去分詞與原形相同與原形相同; 現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞形式現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞形式為為quitting。 (2)quit后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)常常后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)常常用用-ing形式。形式。運(yùn)用運(yùn)用 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1) He quit _ (possess) the new car though he

18、 could.(2) Sometimes James feels like _ (quit) his job.quitting possessing原句原句 Decide on a day to quit. 確定確定一個(gè)開始戒煙的日子。一個(gè)開始戒煙的日子。(B6 P19)5. decide on對(duì)對(duì)作出決定作出決定提示提示 decide on doing決定做決定做例句例句 They decided on the date to have a meeting after discussion. 討論討論后他們對(duì)開會(huì)的日期作出了決定。后他們對(duì)開會(huì)的日期作出了決定。運(yùn)用運(yùn)用 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

19、。用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1) Finally, she decided _ _ (buy) a pink dress. (2) The lady decided on _ (buy) the new style at last.buyingto buy/ onbuying原句原句 Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. (B6 P19)6. feel like 想要想要聯(lián)想聯(lián)想 would like to do 想做想做提示提示 feel like do

20、ing=want to do, feel like后面跟動(dòng)詞時(shí)后面跟動(dòng)詞時(shí), 常常用常常用-ing形式。形式。例句例句 The couple felt like shooting at weekend. 這對(duì)夫婦想在周末去射擊。這對(duì)夫婦想在周末去射擊。運(yùn)用運(yùn)用 (1) They made me feel _ one of the family. (2) I dont feel like _ (eat) anything now.(3) Would you like _(go) shopping with me?to golikeeating原句原句 Your mother tells me t

21、hat you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. 你媽媽告訴我你媽媽告訴我, 你不久前開始吸煙你不久前開始吸煙了了, 而且現(xiàn)在很難把它戒掉而且現(xiàn)在很難把它戒掉。(B6 P18)1. find/consider/feel it + adj. /n. + to do/that 認(rèn)為認(rèn)為是是例句例句 They consider it impossible to finish the work today.他們認(rèn)為今天他們認(rèn)為今天完成工作是不可能的。完成工作是不可能的。仿寫

22、仿寫 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子。(1)我覺得很難理解他。我覺得很難理解他。_I found it difficult to understand him. (2)她認(rèn)為車不開這么快更好些。她認(rèn)為車不開這么快更好些。 She consider it better not to drive so fast. (3)她覺得照顧弟弟是她的責(zé)任。她覺得照顧弟弟是她的責(zé)任。She felt it her duty to take care of her little brother.原句原句 By the way, did you know that this is becaus

23、e you become addicted in three different ways? First, you can become physically addicted to nicotine. Secondly, you become addicted through habit. Lastly, you can become mentally addicted. 我想順便問你一個(gè)我想順便問你一個(gè)問題問題, 你知道上癮有三個(gè)方面的原因嗎你知道上癮有三個(gè)方面的原因嗎? 首先首先, 你會(huì)在身體上對(duì)尼古丁有癮你會(huì)在身體上對(duì)尼古丁有癮, 其次其次, , 你可你可能因?yàn)榱?xí)慣的原因而上癮能因?yàn)榱?xí)

24、慣的原因而上癮, , 最后最后, , 你可能你可能會(huì)心理上癮會(huì)心理上癮。(B6 P18)2. First(ly), .Second(ly), .Last(ly). 首首先先, ; 其次其次, ; 最后最后, 例句例句 Firstly, make sure we turn off the tap in time. Secondly, reuse the water. Lastly, make sure we can also use the rain water to do the washing after we finish washing. 首先我們應(yīng)確定能及首先我們應(yīng)確定能及時(shí)關(guān)水龍頭時(shí)

25、關(guān)水龍頭, 還有再利用洗刷用過的水還有再利用洗刷用過的水, 甚至我們還可以利用雨水來洗東西。甚至我們還可以利用雨水來洗東西。說明說明 在羅列事情時(shí)表示序列。在羅列事情時(shí)表示序列。仿寫仿寫 根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。 首先首先, 你必須認(rèn)真聽課。其次你必須認(rèn)真聽課。其次, 你要你要努力學(xué)習(xí)。最后努力學(xué)習(xí)。最后, 你要注意復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過的你要注意復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過的。_. Second, you must study hard. _, you must _ what you learned.pay attention to going over First, you must listen

26、 carefullyLastly 如果你想買車如果你想買車, 首先你要往銀行首先你要往銀行存錢存錢, 其次要停止吸煙其次要停止吸煙, 還有還有,最好別最好別染上別的壞習(xí)慣。染上別的壞習(xí)慣。If you want to buy a car, firstly, you should set aside the money in the bank; _; _ _other bad habit.secondly, you should quitsmokinglastly, youd better not get into原句原句 Be determined. 下定決心。下定決心。(B6 P19)例句例

27、句 Be harder. 更努力些。更努力些。3. be + adj.仿寫仿寫 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子。 要勇敢。要勇敢。_.Be brave 不要生氣。不要生氣。_. 不要失望。不要失望。_.Dont be disappointedDont be angry原句原句 Do some relaxation exercises every time you feel stressed. 每當(dāng)你感到緊張時(shí)每當(dāng)你感到緊張時(shí), 就去做做放松運(yùn)動(dòng)。就去做做放松運(yùn)動(dòng)。 (B6P19)4. every time 每次；每當(dāng)每次；每當(dāng)例句例句 Every time he liste

28、ns to her speech, he feels disappointed. 每次聽每次聽到她的發(fā)言到她的發(fā)言, 他都感到失望他都感到失望。仿寫仿寫 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子。每次射中樹林中的小鳥每次射中樹林中的小鳥, 她都能感覺到心她都能感覺到心臟顫抖。臟顫抖。She felt her heart tremble _ _ the bird in the trees.she shot every time5. doing is + adj. 做某事很做某事很原句原句 Giving up smoking is difficult. 放棄吸煙很難。放棄吸煙很難。(B6

29、 P21)例句例句 Playing football is relaxing. 踢足球令人放松。踢足球令人放松。說明說明 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語。形式作主語。仿寫仿寫 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子。 染上不良習(xí)慣是很容易的。染上不良習(xí)慣是很容易的。_ is easy. 濫用藥物對(duì)我們的健康不利。濫用藥物對(duì)我們的健康不利。_ is not good for our health.Abusing medicineGetting into the bad habit1. 青少年青少年時(shí)時(shí), Peter出于好奇出于好奇, 冒險(xiǎn)冒險(xiǎn)吸了煙吸了煙。1. During adoles

30、cence, Peter took a risk of smoking out of curiosity.2. 后來后來, 他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己一有空就他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己一有空就想想吸煙。吸煙。2. Later, he often felt like smoking when free.3. 過了一段時(shí)間過了一段時(shí)間, 他身體他身體習(xí)慣了習(xí)慣了香香煙里的尼古丁。煙里的尼古丁。3. After a while, his body became accustomed to having nicotine in it.4. 他他染上染上吸煙的習(xí)慣。吸煙的習(xí)慣。 He got into the habit of smo

31、king.5. 他吸煙他吸煙成癮成癮了。了。5. He was addicted to smoking.6. 盡管盡管他很努力他很努力, 但都無法但都無法戒煙戒煙。In spite of all his efforts, he couldnt quit smoking.7. Peter認(rèn)為戒煙很難認(rèn)為戒煙很難。7. Peter thought it difficult to quit smoking.8. 由于由于他妻子的幫助他妻子的幫助, 他最終戒了煙。他最終戒了煙。8. Due to his wifes help, Tom finally gave up smoking. 合并：合并： T

32、aking a risk of smoking out of curiosity, Peter often felt like smoking when free. After a while, his body became accustomed to nicotine in it. As a matter of fact, he got into the habit of smoking and was addicted to it. In spite of all his efforts, he couldnt quit smoking. In this case, Peter thou

33、ght it difficult to quit smoking. Luckily, due to his wifes help, Peter finally gave up smoking. Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he 1 _ (drive) by an unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly; then 2 _ habit is formed. 一、語法填空一、語法填空 1. 由

34、后面的由后面的“by”可知要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。可知要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2. 泛指一種習(xí)慣泛指一種習(xí)慣, 用用a。 is drivenaOnce a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes 3 _ (possible), to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we pay great attention 4 _ the formation of habits. Children often form bad habits, some of 5 _ remain with them as l

35、ong as they live. 3. 由句意可知這里需用由句意可知這里需用possible的反義詞。的反義詞。4. “pay attention to”為固定搭配。為固定搭配。5. 引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句, 指代指代bad habits。impossibletowhich6 _ (lazy), lying, stealing and so on are all easily-formed bad habits. However, there are many other habits 7_(form) in early life that are of great help. Many

36、successful men say much of their success has 8 _ to do with certain habits in early life, like honesty and early rising. 6. 用名詞形式用名詞形式laziness與與lying, stealing并列。并列。7. 過去分詞作定語。過去分詞作定語。 8. have something to do with“和和有關(guān)系有關(guān)系”。somethingformed LazinessWe should keep away 9 _ all the bad habits and try t

37、o form such habits 10 _ will be good for ourselves and others.9. keep away from“遠(yuǎn)離遠(yuǎn)離”。10. 當(dāng)先行詞前有當(dāng)先行詞前有such時(shí)時(shí), 其后的定其后的定語從句要用語從句要用as引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。fromas Last Monday, at the beginning of class, I cheerfully asked my students how their 1 had been. One young man said that his weekend was not so good for he had h

38、ad one of his pulled out. 1. A. life B. studies C. weekdays D. weekend1. D 根據(jù)下句根據(jù)下句his weekend was not so good可知?？芍?。與與weekend是原是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。2. A. teeth B. feet C. eyes D. ears 2. A 根據(jù)常根據(jù)常識(shí)識(shí)及后面的及后面的pulled out 可得出答案?？傻贸龃鸢?。 The young man then asked me why I 3 seemed to be so cheerful. His question 4 me of

39、something Id read somewhere before: 3. A. seldom B. never C. always D. sometimes3. C 根據(jù)其后的根據(jù)其后的內(nèi)內(nèi)容可知作者容可知作者總總是是顯顯得快得快樂樂。4. A. recalled B. reminded C. informed D. told 4. B 根據(jù)句意，根據(jù)句意，學(xué)學(xué)生的提生的提問讓問讓“我我”想起了原想起了原來來讀過讀過的的東東西。故西。故選選reminded。every 5 when you get up, you have a choice about how you want to ap

40、proach life that day. I said, “I 6 to be cheerful.”5. A. morning B. afternoon C. evening D. night5. A 根據(jù)句中的根據(jù)句中的when you get up可知?？芍et up與與morning是是詞語詞語同同現(xiàn)現(xiàn)。6. A. demand B. learn C. choose D. agree 6. C 根據(jù)前句的根據(jù)前句的you have a choice可知。可知。choose與與choice是同根是同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 “Let me 7 you an example,” I conti

41、nued, 8 all sixty students in the class. “In addition to teaching here at Las Vegas University, I also teach out at the community college in Henderson. 7. A. set B. hand C. bring D. give7. D 根據(jù)句意，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該應(yīng)該是是舉舉(give)個(gè)個(gè)例子，而不例子，而不是是樹樹立立(set)榜榜樣樣。 8. A. addressing B. calming C. showing D. consultingA 固定

42、搭配：固定搭配：address 意意為為“向向發(fā)發(fā)表表講話講話”。 One day a few weeks ago I 9 17 miles to Henderson. I exited the freeway and turned onto college drive. But just then my car died. I tried to start it again, but the 10 wouldnt work, so I turned my flashers on, 9. A. walked B. drove C. flew D. marched9. B 根據(jù)下文的根據(jù)下文的B

43、ut just then my car died可知?？芍rive與與car是是詞語詞語同同現(xiàn)現(xiàn)。10. A. brake B. wheels C. petrol D. engine 10. D 根據(jù)常根據(jù)常識(shí)識(shí)，車車子熄火了，自然是子熄火了，自然是發(fā)動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)不了。不了。.I also teach out at the community college in grabbed my books, and marched down the road to the 11 .” This is my 12 day, I replied, smiling.”Your car broke

44、down and today is your lucky day? 11. A. college B. garage C. station D. community11. A 由前面的由前面的I also teach out at the community college 可知?？芍?。與與college是原是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。12. A. good B. bad C. lucky D. unfortunate C 由下面的由下面的is your lucky day可知。可知。與與lucky是原是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 Your car broke down and today is your luc

45、ky day? she was 13 , what do you mean? I live seventeen miles from here. I replied. My car 14 have broken down anywhere along the freeway; it didnt. 13. A. excited B. puzzled C. disappointed D. delighted 13. B 根據(jù)常根據(jù)常識(shí)識(shí)，秘，秘書書自然是迷惑不解自然是迷惑不解(puzzled)。14. A. should B. must C. need D. could 14.D 這這里是里是虛擬

46、語氣虛擬語氣，句意，句意為為：“我我”的的車車本本來來也也許會(huì)許會(huì)在高在高速公路的任何地方拋速公路的任何地方拋錨錨的，然而的，然而它它卻卻沒沒有。有。Instead, it broke down in the 15 place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here. The secretarys eyes opened wide, and then she smiled.” 15. A. lonely B. awful C. perfect D. beautiful15. C 根據(jù)下文以及根據(jù)下文以及“我我”的心的心態(tài)態(tài)可可得出答案。得出答案。【助【助讀詞匯讀詞匯】 approach對(duì)對(duì)付付 secretary秘秘書書 marched down the road沿大路沿大路往下走往下走Thank You !