廣東外語外貿(mào)大學(xué)2003年碩士研究生入學(xué)考試 英語寫作與翻譯 Task 1: Summary Writing (40%) Directions: Read carefully the following passage and summarize its contents in 100-120 words. Note that you must not copy complete sentences directly from the original. Failure to do so would incur deduction of your scores. Passage Killing for Sport It wouldn’t be quite true to say that “some of my best friends are hunters.” Still, I do number among my respected acquaintances some who not only kill for the sake of killing but count it among their keenest pleasures. And I can think of no better illustration of the fact that men may be separated at some point by fathomless abyss yet share elsewhere much common ground. To me, it is inconceivable that anyone can think an animal more interesting dead than alive, I can also easily prove, to my own satisfaction, that killing “for sport” is the perfect type of that pure evil for which metaphysicians have sometimes sought. Most wicked deeds are done because the doer proposes some good for himself. The liar lies to gain some end; the swindler and the thief want things which, if honestly got, might be good in themselves. Even the murderer is usually removing some impediment to normal desires. Though all of these are selfish or unscrupulous, their deeds are not gratuitously evil. But the killer for sport seems to have no such excusable motive. He seems merely to prefer death to life, darkness to light. He seems to get nothing other than the satisfaction of saying: “Something which wanted to live is dead. Because I can bring terror and agony, I assure myself that I have power. Because of me there is that much less vitality, consciousness and perhaps joy in the universe. I am the spirit that denies.” When a man wantonly destroys one of the works of man, we call him “Vandal.” When he wantonly destroys one of the works of God, we call him “Sportsman.” The hunter-for-food may be as wicked and as misguided as vegetarians sometimes say, but he does not kill for the sake of killing. The ranchers and the farmers who exterminate all living things not immediately profitable to them may sometimes be working against their own best interests; but whether they are or not, they hope to achieve some supposed good by the exterminations, if to do evil, not in the hope of gain but for evil’s sake, involves the deepest guilt by which man can be stained, then killing for killing’s sake is a terrifying phenomenon and as strong a proof as we could have of the “reality of evil” with which present-day theologians are again concerned. Task 2: Interpretation of Graphical Information and essay writing (60%) Directions: The relationship between the degree of participation in physical exercises during senior high school years and academic achievements after graduation is investigated. The results of investigation are presented in the following table. Write an essay to describe and discuss the findings. You should also draw your own conclusions based on the information given in the table. academic achievements degree of participation always sometimes never total postgraduate 7 0 1 8 undergraduate 1 6 1 8 failed to matriculate in university 0 2 6 8 total 8 8 8 24 Task 3: Essay Writing (40%) Directions: Based on the assumption that the younger one starts to learn a foreign language, the higher the proficiency one would achieve ultimately, the provincial government of Guangdong has decided that in five years’ time, English course should be offered from Grade One in all primary schools of the Province, be they in cities or in rural areas. Write an essay of 500-600 words unequivocally expressing your stand on this issue. Whatever position you take, make sure to justify your decision. Give a title to your essay. Task 4: Translation (50%) (1) Directions: Translate the following paragraph from English into Chinese. And speaking of freedom, is not the author free, as few men are free? Is he not secure, as few men are secure? The tools of his industry are so common and so cheap that they have almost ceased to have commercial value. He needs no bulky pile of raw material, no elaborate apparatus, no service of men or animals. He is dependent for his occupation upon no one but himself, and nothing outside him that matters. He is the sovereign of an empire, self supporting, self-contained… No one can deprive him of his stock in trade; no one can force him to exercise his faculty against his will; no one can prevent him exercising it as he chooses. The pen is the great liberator of men and nations. No chains can bind, no poverty can choke, no tariff can restrict the free play of his mind… (2) Directions: Translate the following paragraph from Chinese into English 王冕見天色晚了，牽了牛回去。自此，聚的錢不買書了，托人向城里買些胭脂鉛粉之類，學(xué)畫荷花。初時(shí)畫得不好，畫到三個(gè)月之后，那荷花精神顏色無一不像，只多著一張紙，就像是湖里長的；又像才從湖里摘下來貼在紙上的。鄉(xiāng)間人見畫得好，也有拿錢來買的。王冕得了錢，買些好東西，孝敬母親。一傳兩，兩傳三，諸暨一縣都曉得是一個(gè)畫沒骨花卉的名家，爭(zhēng)著來買。 答案部分： 廣東外語外貿(mào)大學(xué)2003年碩士研究生入學(xué)考試 英語寫作與翻譯 Task 1: Summary Writing (40%) Directions: Read carefully the following passage and summarize its contents in 100-120 words. Note that you must not copy complete sentences directly from the original. Failure to do so would incur deduction of your scores. Passage Killing for Sport It wouldn’t be quite true to say that “some of my best friends are hunters.” Still, I do number among my respected acquaintances some who not only kill for the sake of killing but count it among their keenest pleasures. And I can think of no better illustration of the fact that men may be separated at some point by fathomless abyss yet share elsewhere much common ground. To me, it is inconceivable that anyone can think an animal more interesting dead than alive, I can also easily prove, to my own satisfaction, that killing “for sport” is the perfect type of that pure evil for which metaphysicians have sometimes sought. Most wicked deeds are done because the doer proposes some good for himself. The liar lies to gain some end; the swindler and the thief want things which, if honestly got, might be good in themselves. Even the murderer is usually removing some impediment to normal desires. Though all of these are selfish or unscrupulous, their deeds are not gratuitously evil. But the killer for sport seems to have no such excusable motive. He seems merely to prefer death to life, darkness to light. He seems to get nothing other than the satisfaction of saying: “Something which wanted to live is dead. Because I can bring terror and agony, I assure myself that I have power. Because of me there is that much less vitality, consciousness and perhaps joy in the universe. I am the spirit that denies.” When a man wantonly destroys one of the works of man, we call him “Vandal.” When he wantonly destroys one of the works of God, we call him “Sportsman.” The hunter-for-food may be as wicked and as misguided as vegetarians sometimes say, but he does not kill for the sake of killing. The ranchers and the farmers who exterminate all living things not immediately profitable to them may sometimes be working against their own best interests; but whether they are or not, they hope to achieve some supposed good by the exterminations, if to do evil, not in the hope of gain but for evil’s sake, involves the deepest guilt by which man can be stained, then killing for killing’s sake is a terrifying phenomenon and as strong a proof as we could have of the “reality of evil” with which present-day theologians are again concerned. 答案： Some of my acquaintances enjoy killing for sport. Although we share a lot in common, I cannot agree with them on this point because I think killing for sport is evil. Usually, people do something bad in the hope of gaining some good. Thus no matter how selfish and evil their behaviors are, they have some forgivable motivations. However, the killer for sport kills purely for killing’s sake and brings only terror but nothing else to others and himself. Killing for sport differs from killing for food by hunters or killing for other supposed interests by ranchers in the purposes of killing. While the latter two aim to gain something from killing, the former is for the sake of killing. Task 2: Interpretation of Graphical Information and essay writing (60%) Directions: The relationship between the degree of participation in physical exercises during senior high school years and academic achievements after graduation is investigated. The results of investigation are presented in the following table. Write an essay to describe and discuss the findings. You should also draw your own conclusions based on the information given in the table. academic achievements degree of participation always sometimes never total postgraduate 7 0 1 8 undergraduate 1 6 1 8 failed to matriculate in university 0 2 6 8 total 8 8 8 24 答案： The Relation Between Physical Exercises and Academic Achievements From the graph we can see that three groups, eight people each group, of subjects have been investigated. Among the group of subjects who always took part in physical exercises during senior high school years, seven became postgraduates and one undergraduate. Six subjects from the group who sometimes participate in physical exercises became undergraduate students. Two from the same group failed to matriculate in university and none became postgraduate. From the group that never did any exercises six people failed to enter university and one became postgraduate and one undergraduate. After analyzing the findings, we may infer that students who exercise most frequently in senior school years are most likely to obtain high academic achievements, while students who never did any exercises probably will fail to enter university. The degree of participation in physical exercises seems to be directly proportional to the level of academic achievements. The reasons are as follows. In the long run people who often exercise usually enjoy good health and lead regular lives, both of which are necessary for academic pursuit. Further, since they can persevere in exercises, they also tend to be persevering in other aspects of life, including studies. In contrast, those who spend little time on physical exercises probably will suffer from poor health, which inevitably hinder their academic progress. However, as every rule has its exception, there is one subject who never did any exercises but still did well in studies and became postgraduate. Perhaps, he/she spent most of the time that should have been spent on exercises on studies. If this is the case, the price for his/her academic achievements may be high for he/she might have sacrificed his/her health for it. In conclusion, physical exercises, which are closely related to bodily and mental health, exert great influence over one’s academic achievements. Task 3: Essay Writing (40%) Directions: Based on the assumption that the younger one starts to learn a foreign language, the higher the proficiency one would achieve ultimately, the provincial government of Guangdong has decided that in five years’ time, English course should be offered from Grade One in all primary schools of the Province, be they in cities or in rural areas. Write an essay of 500-600 words unequivocally expressing your stand on this issue. Whatever position you take, make sure to justify your decision. Give a title to your essay. Task 4: Translation (50%) (1) Directions: Translate the following paragraph from English into Chinese. And speaking of freedom, is not the author free, as few men are free? Is he not secure, as few men are secure? The tools of his industry are so common and so cheap that they have almost ceased to have commercial value. He needs no bulky pile of raw material, no elaborate apparatus, no service of men or animals. He is dependent for his occupation upon no one but himself, and nothing outside him that matters. He is the sovereign of an empire, self supporting, self-contained… No one can deprive him of his stock in trade; no one can force him to exercise his faculty against his will; no one can prevent him exercising it as he chooses. The pen is the great liberator of men and nations. No chains can bind, no poverty can choke, no tariff can restrict the free play of his mind… 譯文： 說到自由，難道因?yàn)樽杂傻娜撕苌?，所以作家也就不自由嗎？難道因?yàn)闊o憂無慮的人很少，所以作家也得憂心忡忡嗎？作家的勞動(dòng)工具很是常見而且廉價(jià)，幾乎不值什么錢。 他也無需大堆原料，無需復(fù)雜的儀器設(shè)備，也不需要其他人或動(dòng)物提供服務(wù)。他的職業(yè)只取決于他自己一個(gè)人而無需其他任何人，而且他身外的一切對(duì)他來說都無關(guān)緊要。他是帝國的君王，獨(dú)立自主，自給自足。沒人能奪走他謀生的手段：當(dāng)他不愿發(fā)揮才能時(shí)，誰也不能強(qiáng)迫他違心地運(yùn)用其能力；當(dāng)他愿意發(fā)揮才能時(shí)，也沒人能阻止得了他。筆桿子很了不起，能夠解放人類和國家。鏈條束縛不了，貧困扼殺不了，關(guān)稅也限制不了，作家可以自由地發(fā)揮才智。 (2) Directions: Translate the following paragraph from Chinese into English 王冕見天色晚了，牽了?；厝ァＷ源?，聚的錢不買書了，托人向城里買些胭脂鉛粉之類，學(xué)畫荷花。初時(shí)畫得不好，畫到三個(gè)月之后，那荷花精神顏色無一不像，只多著一張紙，就像是湖里長的；又像才從湖里摘下來貼在紙上的。鄉(xiāng)間人見畫得好，也有拿錢來買的。王冕得了錢，買些好東西，孝敬母親。一傳兩，兩傳三，諸暨一縣都曉得是一個(gè)畫沒骨花卉的名家，爭(zhēng)著來買。 Translation: Wang Mian saw that it was getting late, and he led the ox back home. Thereafter, he no longer spent the money he had saved on books. Instead, he asked others to buy rouge or the like from the town for him and he started learning to paint lotuses. At the beginning, he couldn’t paint well. After three months’ practice, both the color and the spirit/essence of the lotuses he painted were/looked exactly the same as that of the real ones growing in the lake but for the piece of paper the flowers were painted on. The painted lotuses also seemed to be like the real ones picked up from the lake just now and pasted on the paper. Villagers who thought the paintings were excellent went to buy them from Wang Mian. He then spent the money buying some good things for his mother to show his respect for her. The news about Wang Mian spread far and wide from mouth to mouth. Very soon the whole county knew that Wang Mian was a famous painter of boneless flowers and swarmed to buy his paintings.