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編 號 無錫太湖學院 畢 業(yè) 設 計 論 文 相 關(guān) 資 料 題目 橡膠輪胎硫化機熱盤 加工專用機床設計 信 機 系 機 械 工 程 及 自 動 化 專 業(yè) 學 號 0923252 學生姓名 李 健 指導教師 張大駿 職稱 高 工 職稱 2013 年 5 月 25 日 目 錄 一 畢業(yè)設計 論文 開題報告 二 畢業(yè)設計 論文 外文資料翻譯及原文 三 學生 畢業(yè)論文 論文 計劃 進度 檢查及落實表 四 實習鑒定表 無錫太湖學院 畢 業(yè) 設 計 論 文 開 題 報 告 題目 橡膠輪胎硫化機熱盤 加工專用機床設計 信 機 系 機 械 工 程 及 自 動 化 專 業(yè) 學 號 0923252 學生姓名 李 健 指導教師 張大駿 職稱 高工 職稱 2012 年 11 月 12 日 課題來源 由江陰市昌明橡膠機械有限公司委托 科學依據(jù) 包括課題的科學意義 國內(nèi)外研究概況 水平和發(fā)展趨勢 應用前景等 本課題為橡膠機械中輪胎機的一個重要部件 該部件為迷宮型內(nèi)通道內(nèi)通蒸 汽 而熱盤就是作為蒸汽通道之用的 本課題的背景是廠方已簽訂了二年 每年 1000 件 熱盤的加工協(xié)議 如能 按質(zhì)按量完成 前景是可以簽訂長期 不少于 5 年 的加工協(xié)議 以每只零件通 道加工 800 元計 每年可有 80 萬加工費 如長期加工建議采用立式鏜銑加工中 心 售價約為 160 萬元 而目前顯然要設計一過度加工機床 以爭取成為長期 業(yè)務 故造價要求低廉 研究內(nèi)容 熱盤通道加工的數(shù)控銑削簡易機床 除實現(xiàn)加工要求外 重點要求造價低廉 制造周期短 預期七月中下旬完成制造 然后調(diào)試 試加工 八月份投入生產(chǎn) 這一些矛盾如何完滿解決 是本課題研究內(nèi)容 擬采取的研究方法 技術(shù)路線 實驗方案及可行性分析 1 采用下廠調(diào)研 多次與廠方交換意見的方法 滿足廠方要求 2 先采用十分簡單的設計方案以實現(xiàn)加工要求 3 進而加以改進或重新購買加工中心 研究計劃及預期成果 1 由兩名學生完成課題 一人為總體及一些部件設計 一人為進給系統(tǒng)設計 及其余部件設計 2 分幾個階段進行 調(diào)研階段 完成完成直角坐標編程加工和極坐標編程加工的分析比較 初步設計階段 與廠方交底 完成改進方案 基本完成設計 交由制造 以上階段要交叉進行 特色或創(chuàng)新之處 這是采用立式鏜銑加工中心前的一個過渡加工機床 在如此低廉造價 制造 周期極短的情形下能完成設計 制造任務是有其特色的 已具備的條件和尚需解決的問題 有一份編程的資料 及有關(guān)簡易資料 尚缺設計圖冊 這必須不斷和廠方交 換意見 指導教師意見 指導教師簽名 2012 年 11 月 20 日 教研室 學科組 研究所 意見 教研室主任簽名 年 月 日 系意見 主管領導簽名 年 月 日 原文 Mechanical Technology in the rubber industry outlined in the application In the development of human society is the modern process Rubber Industries is an indispensable Economy Trade and Industry In the rubber industry in the development of rubber technology and rubber machinery or electromechanical to the progress and development of technology played an important role in promoting this The development of rubber industry rubber and rubber machinery industry technology constitutes of technical rubber products all the technical process and industrial technology system In 1820 by the British made the human driven single roller rubber mixing machine 1826 twin roll Drum open rubber mixing machine into production beginning of the human rubber machinery production prelude So far human society has been the application of rubber machinery 180 years of history Since 1839 A series of rubber machinery and equipment will come out in addition to the application of vulcanized rubber vulcanization facilities and other rubber machinery such as plunger hose extrusion machine 1858 screw extruder 1879 rubber rolling mill 1843 1900 Closed rubber mixing machine 1916 rubber machinery and equipment At that time has spent the rubber industry production process the promotion of the development of rubber industry has played a facilitating role 1904 lead oxide magnesium oxide such as the discovery of inorganic curing agent in particular 1919 organic to fide D the discovery and use of M and further promote the improvement of production efficiency has greatly improved the performance of the use of rubber products expanded use 1920 accession the carbon black to rubber makes rubber products would be an overall improvement in performance and improvement Therefore the application of carbon black in rubber is improve the industry and promoting the progress and all round development In the early 20th century and the middle of the Soviet Union the United States Britain Germany France and other countries has invented a synthetic rubber industrial technologies and the establishment of a series of synthetic rubber production equipment and factories Coupled with the region s natural rubber production of large scale resources for the mankind modern rubber industry opened up the comprehensive development of the material resource base Is a highly flexible rubber typical materials its physical properties are very complicated Most of the processing of rubber molding process are similar to the melt flow and deformation process but also in the processing of rubber products the Health and plastic to go through plastic necklace mixing pressure type shape curing process procedures in order to become products In the modern chemical products such as rubber plastics paints fibers lubricants ceramics and other similar material production and engineering applications the complexity of its mechanical properties Purely based on the elasticity viscosity or plasticity theory can not meet these materials processing requirements of the deformation process So based on the nature of the complex mechanics of the research topic theological theory will be referred to the new human research subjects on the agenda 1928 the United States set up the Evolution Society 1940 the British set up the theological Club later renamed the Institute of Evolution In addition the Netherlands West Germany France Japan and other countries have also set up a corresponding flow Institute 1948 convene the International Society of Theology In 1953 the establishment of the International Association of theology is hold Since then one involving applied mathematics physics elasticity the material mechanics fluid mechanics geology engineering and other subjects on the verge of disciplines have emerged theology and gradually has been extensively applied Theology not only in the rubber plastics coatings printing Portland foodstuffs and other industrial production has been extensively applied but also to infrastructure machinery transport irrigation chemical industry and many other industrial sectors involves many substances from solid to liquid processes Theology made in the rubber industry Widely used in the processing of rubber molding products research and application Such as rubber mixing rolling extrusion injection molding and other processes Because of its macromolecular polymer chain structure and movement characteristics of the physical state gathered on showing four kinds of physical state a crystalline and non crystalline 3 crystalline glass state high elastic state viscous flow state Rubber in normal circumstances is the use of high elastic state In the course of processing molding viscous flow state in the vulcanized only basic treatment before losing mobility and a high flexibility based elastic material Because of the late 19th century and early 20th century the theory of rubber is exploration and the principles of the invention Especially theology and application of the theoretical study of the development of rubber industry makes whether in the filler vulcanization accelerator or in the process principle aspects have undergone profound changes On the development of the rubber industry is a qualitative change At the same time all kinds of rubber machinery also made great progress and development At that time not only the names many rubber machinery and its structure specifications varieties and so had been reached a certain level of the scale fine and the degree of automation and linkage If rubber mechanical transmission power to hundreds of to thousands of kilowatts stem watts which weight machines to a few hundred tons Rubber products in the process of production plastic necklace mixing rolling extrusion molding in the process of curing six have a complete matching of mechanical devices Compound rubber machinery industry is one of the basic equipment At present production machinery to open dozens of rubber mixing Health glue used plastic necklace plastic material mixing pressed for the compression machine for plastic decorticating machine compound mainly used for preheating and plastic crusher for crushing such as natural rubber remove plastic washing machine for Health and plastic waste compound impurities mill mainly used for waste plastic block grinding refining machine used to remove the hard plastic renewable impurities reclaimed rubber mixing machine mainly for the reclaimed rubber pinch breathing machine for plastic pressure breathing Film compression crepe pressure machine mainly for crepe compression experimental rubber mixing machine the main compound used in a small number of experiments etc Rubber rolling mill which is rubber products processing in the process of one of the basic equipment Since 1843 three roll calendar application we have 160 years of development history From the modern to modern specifications and various new calendar will continue to emerge its specifications speed semi product of high accuracy a high degree of automation machinery the machinery has become the modern calendar of the main structural features At present production largest calendar has reached more than 1055 3000 mm roller line speed of up to 120 m min above the semi finished calendar has reached its thickness error within 0 0025 mm And achieve full electronic control of the computer and automation level The Closed Compound mixer rubber and plastic mixing refining is one of the main equipment The development of modern mixer a high speed high pressure and high performance characteristics and is divided into low speed 20 to the rotor speed min the velocity speed of 30 to 40 min and high speed 60 to speed min 3 In recent years also appear to speed in the 80 mixer at high speed over armed Rubber extruder screw extruder the world s first since 1879 screw extruder Since the birth of all kinds of screw extruder machinery in a large number of different varieties have been supporting complete specification has been adapted to different product performance characteristics of the request If pressure extrusion machine mainly for the shape of the semi finished production filter plastic extrusion machine for removing plastic mix and the Health and the impurity plastic extrusion machine for the continuous plastic glue Health granulation extruders for plastic compound and the Health and the granulation compression extruder To compound the pressure plate desulfurization renewable plastic extruder for the desulfurization extrusion dehydration mixing rubber extruder for dehydration and regeneration plastic dry Cable extruder for the cable coated molding row Gas extruder The mixing compound got out of the air and water and volatile compounds such as low molecular weight These specifications complete extrusion machinery the development of the rubber industry and was credited It has become the driving force of the rubber products processing and optimization of the equipment Injection Molding Machine also known as the Note Press mainly for the production of rubber molded products Note pressure machinery its structure is divided into horizontal injection press vertical injection press injection machine and the Multi Position Press Note 4 Press each note is divided into many different sizes of the specifications Tire rubber industry is the largest number one product Whether raw materials from the use of rubber and rubber products put out of rubber products which occupy the lion s share of the market consume about 80 of the volume of rubber resources Therefore the tire molding machinery is also important Since the invention of pneumatic tire in 1888 with the development of the automobile industry various specifications the various properties of a large number of rubber tires A high performance high quality car if there is no corresponding performance and quality of the tire support is equivalent to scrap general And the development of tire industry tire molding machinery participation is crucial Tubeless tire or whether they would have to be certain to die molding machinery stereotypes Forming particular tire tire production is in the process of core processes tire various parts of the assembly process will soon cord bead wrapper tread and other components of processed into paste composition tire embryo Therefore tire molding machinery determines to a large extent the performance and quality of tires As human socio economic and cultural progress and development a wide range of a large number of vehicles Therefore the various types and specification is endless Such as cars buses trucks construction vehicles and other special vehicles and aircraft which have their own dedicated tire varieties and specifications In recent years there has high strength and high wear resistance of the steel skeleton radial tire making automobile tires performance and the structure and quality to a new level This constant tire molding machinery put out a higher demand Tire molding machine many of the types according to the method of forming sleeve law and two kinds of stickers by shaping the contours of the drum drum semi drum and the core wheeled four wheel core In addition all other uses of different shapes and rubber products there is a basic molding process Therefore a variety of rubber molding machines and even offers a dazzling Only a wide variety of ring is tens of thousands of species on the number This shows that the rubber molding machinery industry is also very complicated and very important Vulcanization machinery a variety of rubber products of the final steps in the processing machinery mainly for the various rubber products plastic rubber products such as sulfide processing The main structure of three kinds of forms one is flat vulcanize and the autoclave including pressure autoclave and the drum machine sulfide Flat curing the use of broader is more variety In addition to direct use of vulcanized rubber products processing can also be used in the plastics industry thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic plastics processing repression Because of their body structure and working principle is basically the same The types and forms are many According to the purpose has the vulcanized rubber model of flat products with flat curing machine V belt plate curing machine sheet plate curing machine Vulcanized rubber products tank is the first production application of curing equipment mainly for the vulcanization of rubber products work Can also be used to autoclave the curing soles adhesive tape and model products Therefore omnipotent said curing machine Drum curing machine belt and the V belt two categories Mainly used for curing surface shape and surface quality of the special requirements of thin strip of rubber products such as tread rubber and plastic sheet printing and dyeing such as the conduction band If accompanied by the necessary accessories device can be used to transport sulfide zone belts and other similar products vulcanized rubber processing Drum Machine continuous vulcanization sulfide easy assembly and the formation of automated production lines Substantially reduce labor intensity and improve efficiency and product quality For the development of rubber industry mechanical and process technology research determines its speed and level of development determines the performance and quality of products Generally speaking industrial technology research and product cycle faster some frequency Changes in technology and machinery cycle is slow it decided to change the cycle of the life of the equipment work efficiency and product quality It is precisely because of machinery and equipment has a clear life it makes the certain inertia of the operation Thus create a difficult change or do not need rapid changes in the direct experience This is a reality for many people the community and even some scientific research and departments only attaches great importance to technology innovation and ignore changes in mechanical and technological advances and the development of one of the main reasons The mindset of the people is to determine awareness of changes and developments Any material production originated in the first production practice on the real social needs of the objective or the rubber industry development which is not only the normal process of production is rubber products Mechanical technology and the increasing need in depth study of technology and joint development of modern commodity market competitive situation also not tolerate such people wait wait and see or delay time and in addition to the sustenance of mankind growing material and cultural wealth the need for rapid development of the rubber industry large piles of scrap rubber people also need to face the urgent and effective treatment This is not only the rubber resources conservation needs but also the living environment of human security requirements To solve the normal development of rubber industry and scrap rubber recycling use of resources only mechanical technology and the joint development of technology to achieve their goals Contemporary rubber industry development so that the waste rubber recycling of resources must take machines improvement and progress in the joint development of the road is the only correct way And the improvement of machinery technology is the essence of mechanical work of the progress of chemical process technology is the core content of their joint development of the modern rubber industry is able to quickly and efficiently optimize and promote the development of intrinsic motivation Of course also includes scientific management technology decision making body elements Machinery physics chemistry or chemical the four basic skills of a development of the human society science technology system and science and technology system known as compulsory and social management technology is soft science and technology system Taken Flex became a more complete scientific and technological system Rubber industry in the development of rubber industry and technology and scientific management technology industries with the economic structure of the industry is related to the development of rubber industry carrot and stick scientific measures Mechanical Technology is a hard attribute technology technology is a soft attributes which is a carrot and stick form of the technology In the mechanical technology of the technical attributes of both tangible and intangible All of investigation and study the work of design techniques are soft attributes that in the manufacturing of construction involves the technical attributes of hardware technology the results of pre main soft technology embodied in the design and construction drawings and manuals after a hard stage technical achievements on various material on the output of products This is a hard and soft technology into the outcome of the objective process Rubber industrial development we must attach importance mechanical technology and the joint development of technology Strengthening the role of rubber machinery technology mechanical technology to the development and application the whole social development is not only the production of the material and cultural needs but also the harmonious development of the ecological environment of human needs but also to be cherished rubber Using and frugal behavior needs 譯文 機械技術(shù)在橡膠工業(yè)中的應用概述 在人類社會發(fā)展的現(xiàn)代化進程中 橡膠工業(yè)是一個不可缺少的經(jīng)濟 貿(mào)易和工業(yè) 在 橡膠工業(yè)橡膠技術(shù)的發(fā)展與橡膠機械 機電 技術(shù)的進步和發(fā)展起到了重要的推動作用 橡膠行業(yè)的發(fā)展 橡膠及橡膠機械行業(yè)的技術(shù)構(gòu)成的技術(shù)橡膠產(chǎn)品所有的技術(shù)工藝和產(chǎn)業(yè) 技術(shù)體系建設 橡膠工業(yè)也是一門不可缺少的經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)業(yè) 1820 年英國制成了由人力驅(qū)動 的單輥式煉膠機 1826 年雙輥筒式的開放式煉膠機投入生產(chǎn) 拉開了人類橡膠機械生產(chǎn)的 序幕 至今 人類社會橡膠機械的應用已有 180 多年的歷史了 1839 年以來 一系列的橡膠機械設備陸續(xù)問世 除適應橡膠硫化技術(shù)應用的硫化設備 外 其他橡膠機械 如柱塞式膠管擠出機 1858 年 螺桿擠出機 1879 年 橡膠壓延機 1843 1900 年 密閉式煉膠機 1916 年 等橡膠機械設備 先后投入當時的橡膠工業(yè) 生產(chǎn)過程 對推動橡膠工業(yè)的發(fā)展起了一定的促進作用 1904 年 氧化鉛 氧化鎂等無機硫化劑的發(fā)現(xiàn) 特別是 1919 年有機硫化促進劑 D M 的發(fā)現(xiàn)和應用 進一步促進了生產(chǎn)效率的提高 大大改善了橡膠制品的使用性能 擴大了使用范圍 1920 年把炭黑加入橡膠中 才使得橡膠制品的性能得以全面改善和提高 因此 炭黑的應用又促進了橡膠工業(yè)進步和全面發(fā)展 20 世紀初及中葉 蘇聯(lián) 美國 英 國 德國 法國等國家 先后發(fā)明了合成橡膠工業(yè)技術(shù) 并建立了一系列橡膠合成生產(chǎn)裝 置及工廠 再加上東南亞地區(qū)的天然橡膠資源生產(chǎn)的規(guī)模化 為人類現(xiàn)代橡膠工業(yè)的全面 發(fā)展開辟了物質(zhì)資源基礎 橡膠是一種高彈性的典型材料 其物理性能十分復雜 大多數(shù)橡膠的加工成型過程都 有近似熔體的流動和變形過程 而且在橡膠產(chǎn)品的加工過程中 生膠要經(jīng)過塑煉 混煉 壓型 成型 硫化的工藝程序 才能成為產(chǎn)品 在現(xiàn)代化工產(chǎn)品中 諸如橡膠 塑料 油 漆 纖維 潤滑油 陶瓷等一類材料的生產(chǎn)及工程技術(shù)的應用 對其材料的復雜力學性 質(zhì) 依據(jù)單純的彈性力學 粘性理論或塑性理論都不能滿足這些材料加工過程的形變要求 于是一種基于對復雜介質(zhì)力學性質(zhì)的研究課題 流變學理論便提到了人類新學科研究的 議事日程 1928 年 美國成立了 流變學會 1940 年 英國成立了流變學俱樂部 后改為 流變學會 此外 荷蘭 西德 法國 日本等國家也相應成立了流變學會 1948 年召開 了國際流變學會 1953 年成立了國際流變協(xié)會 從此一門涉及到應用數(shù)學 物理學 彈性 力學 材料力學 流體力學 地質(zhì)學 工程學及其他學科的邊緣學科 流變學應運而生 并逐漸得到廣泛應用 流變學不僅在橡膠 塑料 涂料 印刷 硅酸鹽 食品等工業(yè)生產(chǎn) 中得到廣泛應用 還涉及到基本建設 機械 運輸 水利 化學工業(yè)等眾多工業(yè)部門 涉 及到許多物質(zhì)從固體到液體的變化過程 流變學在橡膠工業(yè)中 廣泛應用于橡膠制品加工 成型的研究和應用 如對橡膠的混煉 壓延 擠出 注射成型等加工過程 高聚物由于它 的大分子鏈狀結(jié)構(gòu)和運動特點 在物理聚集態(tài)上呈現(xiàn)出 4 種物理狀態(tài) 即 1 個結(jié)晶態(tài)和 3 個非結(jié)晶態(tài) 玻璃態(tài) 高彈態(tài) 粘流態(tài) 橡膠在正常使用情況下是高彈態(tài) 而在加工成型 過程中是粘流態(tài) 只有在硫化處理后才基本失去流動性 而變成以高彈性為主的彈性體材 料 由于 19 世紀末和 20 世紀初 對橡膠工藝理論的原理探索和發(fā)明 特別是流變學理論 的研究和應用使得橡膠工業(yè)的發(fā)展 無論是在填充劑 硫化促進劑方面 還是在工藝原理 方面都發(fā)生了深刻變化 對橡膠工業(yè)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了一次質(zhì)的變化 同時 各種橡膠機械也 有了很大的進步和發(fā)展 當時的橡膠機械不