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1、Part 2 Of 21. notuntil直到才 (位于句首時(shí),句子/主句要采取部分倒裝) I didnt know about it until you told me. 在你告訴我之前,我對此一無所知。It was not untilthat是強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。It was not until yesterday that I noticed it.直到昨天我才注意到這件事。until用于肯定句表示“直到”，主句謂語動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Shes worked as a nurse until past her sixtiethbirthday.她當(dāng)護(hù)士一直到過了她的60歲生日。stayeddidn

2、t leave1.我一直待在那里直到他回來。I _ there until he came back.I _there until he came back.2. As soon as I hear my alarm clock, I jump out of my bed.鬧鐘一響, 我立刻跳下床。 as soon as 一就, 連接時(shí)間狀語從句, 表示主從句的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生。當(dāng)主句使 用一般將來時(shí), 祈使句句式或含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表 將來時(shí), 從句使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 Ill call you as soon as I get home from work. 我一回家就會(huì)給你打電話。與as soo

3、n as用法相似的詞或短語 on/upon sth./doing sth.on hearing the news 一聽到那個(gè)消息 the moment / the instant / the second / the minute / immediately作連詞, 連接 時(shí)間狀語從句1. I will always raise my goals _. 目標(biāo)達(dá)到后我總是再定一個(gè)更高的目標(biāo)。2. The child went to sleep_. 這孩子頭一沾枕頭就睡著了。3. Well check into it and call you back_ . 我們會(huì)調(diào)查這件事情并且盡快給你回電。a

4、s soon as they are attainedas soon as he touched the pillowas soon as possible3. 比較下列四個(gè)句型： It takes sb.to do sth. sb. spends sth. on sth. / in doing sth. sth. costs sb. sth. sb. pays some money for sth. 以上四個(gè)句型都表示: 某人在某件事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間和精力。It took her three hours to mend her bicycle.她花了3個(gè)小時(shí)修她的自行車。Some students

5、 spent many hours chatting on-line everyday.有些學(xué)生每天花好幾個(gè)小時(shí)在網(wǎng)上聊天。Your crime will cost you your life.你的罪行將使你失去生命。I paid 10 for the book.我付了10美元買這本書。從以上的例子不難得出：當(dāng)表示花費(fèi)的時(shí)候,各自的主語不同：take 表示花費(fèi)”,用it作主語,表示花費(fèi)精力、時(shí)間 ；spend表示花費(fèi),人作主語,表示花費(fèi)時(shí)間、精力 ；cost表示花費(fèi),物作主語,一般表示花錢 。pay表示付費(fèi) ,人作主語,表示付錢 。1. 那幅油畫花了我200元。_2. 我用了一周的時(shí)間讀完了哈

6、里波特這本小說。_That oil painting cost me 200 yuan.It took me one week to read through the novel of Harry Potter.4. But I try to work hard so that I can make more money for them. 但是我試著努力工作以便能為他們掙更多的錢。 so that可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句。 它引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時(shí),從句謂語常由can, could, may, might等構(gòu)成;如果從句為否定結(jié) 構(gòu),則謂語常由should構(gòu)成。 I studied ha

7、rd so that I could get high marks in the coming examination. 我努力學(xué)習(xí)以便能夠在即將到來的考試中獲得高分。 He wore a mask so that no one could recognize him. 他戴了一個(gè)面具,以便沒有人能夠認(rèn)出他。 在這個(gè)句型中，that可以引導(dǎo)表示目的或結(jié)果的從句。當(dāng)so位于句首時(shí)，主句采用部分倒裝語序。 She is so short that she cant reach the buttons of the lift. =So short is she that she cant reach

8、 the buttons of the lift. 她太矮了, 夠不到電梯的按鈕。 名詞前有many, much, few, little等詞修 飾,表示“多”或“少”的概念時(shí),用so而不 用such修飾。 She ordered so much food that we couldnt eat it up. 她點(diǎn)了那么多的菜我們都吃不了了。 so+adj.+a(n)=such+a(n)+adj.+n. It was so interesting a book that I couldnt put it down. =It was such an interesting book that I

9、 couldnt put it down. 這本書是如此有趣以至于我愛不釋手。5. Is it a good idea to do voluntary work? 做志愿者工作是好主意嗎？ 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)、動(dòng)名詞(短語)或者從句作句子的主語時(shí), 通常用it來作形式主語代替它們, 而將真正的主語放在后面, 以保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)的平衡。 It is difficult to complete the mission on my own.獨(dú)立完成這項(xiàng)使命是很難的。(真正的主語是to complete the mission on my own) It surprised me a bit that

10、she didnt make a response to my letter.她沒給我回信令我有點(diǎn)兒驚訝。(真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句) It is no use arguing with him about it. 跟他辯論此事是沒有用處的。(真正的主語是arguing with him about it)1. _ to wear more clothes tomorrow? 明天有必要添加衣服嗎？2. _ that he will climb to the mountain top in two hours? 他有可能在兩小時(shí)內(nèi)爬到山頂嗎？3. _ surfing on the Int

11、ernet. 上網(wǎng)是很讓人興奮的。Is it necessaryIs it possibleIt is exciting 6. We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have. 我們不和城市的辦公室工作人員一樣擁有同樣的工作時(shí)間。 the samethat這個(gè)句型的意思是“與同樣”，that引導(dǎo)定語從句,它與先行詞所指代的是同一個(gè)人或事。This is the same book that I lost yesterday.這就是我昨天丟失的那本書。He is the same man that we

12、met yesterday.他就是昨天我們遇見的那個(gè)人。the sameas 和一樣,和相同I shall do it in the same way as you did.我將用你用過的同樣的方法去做這件事。如何寫好簡單句如何寫好簡單句 由一個(gè)主語和一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞所組成的句子是簡單句。謂語動(dòng)詞有及物動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞和連系動(dòng)詞之分。正是謂語動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)決定著句子的不同結(jié)構(gòu)。學(xué)習(xí)這些基本句型要從動(dòng)詞入手，因?yàn)椴煌愋偷膭?dòng)詞要求不同的句型。根據(jù)各類動(dòng)詞的不同結(jié)構(gòu)，簡單句分為以下五種基本類型： 1主語謂語(S Vi.) 這種句型簡稱為主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，其謂語一般都是不及物動(dòng)詞。 Things change. 事

13、物是變化的。 2主語連系動(dòng)詞表語(SV. P) 這種句型稱為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，其實(shí)連系動(dòng)詞在形式上也是一種謂語動(dòng)詞。 She became a lawyer. 她當(dāng)了律師。 3主語謂語賓語(SVt. O) 這種句型可稱為主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，它的謂語一般多是及物動(dòng)詞。 We never beat children. 我們從來不打孩子。 4主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語(SVt. IODO) 這種句型可稱為主謂賓賓結(jié)構(gòu)，其謂語應(yīng)是可帶雙賓語的及物動(dòng)詞，兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是間接賓語，一個(gè)是直接賓語。 He gave the book to his sister. 他把這本書給了他的妹妹。 5主語謂語賓語賓補(bǔ)(S Vt.OOC

14、) 這種句型可簡稱為主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，其補(bǔ)語是賓語補(bǔ)足語，與賓語一起即構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。 I found the book easy. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書不難。 一、連詞成句 1.happened, an, on the road, accident, just now _ 2.nor, he, speak, can, French, neither, English _3.English teacher, to, sent, we, flowers, the, on Teachers Day, some_An accident happened on the road just now. He can s

15、peak neither English nor French. We sent some flowers to the English teacher on Teachers Day 4.I, fast, felt, my, beating, very, heart _ 5.felt, fell, she, very, and, in the chair, tired, asleep _She felt very tired and fell asleep in the chair.I felt my heart beating very fast. 二、翻譯下列句子1.她昨天回家很晚。_2.他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。_3.這話聽起來有道理。_They have carried out the plan successfully.She went home very late yesterday evening. These words sound reasonable. 4.奶奶昨晚給我講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。_5.我要請人把我的錄音機(jī)修理一下。_ Ill get my recorder mended. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.