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1、命題特點(diǎn)命題特點(diǎn)解題技巧解題技巧復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)完型填空點(diǎn)撥完型填空點(diǎn)撥 完型填空是對(duì)一篇完型填空是對(duì)一篇語意完整語意完整的短文的短文有目的有目的的挖出一的挖出一些空白，讓我們?cè)谛┛瞻?，讓我們?cè)谥匦吕斫舛涛闹匦吕斫舛涛牡幕A(chǔ)上，綜合運(yùn)用所的基礎(chǔ)上，綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)和常識(shí)，對(duì)每個(gè)空格的被選項(xiàng)做出學(xué)知識(shí)和常識(shí)，對(duì)每個(gè)空格的被選項(xiàng)做出合理的分析判合理的分析判斷斷，從中選出最佳答案，從中選出最佳答案. . 中考對(duì)完型填空的考查主要集中在以下兩個(gè)方面中考對(duì)完型填空的考查主要集中在以下兩個(gè)方面： 1 1、首先是測(cè)試我們對(duì)、首先是測(cè)試我們對(duì)篇章的理解能力篇章的理解能力。 2 2、其次測(cè)試我們、其次測(cè)試我們使

2、用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的能力使用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。一一:命題特點(diǎn)命題特點(diǎn)技巧一技巧一: :瀏覽全文，抓準(zhǔn)主旨瀏覽全文，抓準(zhǔn)主旨 答題時(shí)，答題時(shí)，不要急于看選項(xiàng)、找答案不要急于看選項(xiàng)、找答案，應(yīng)，應(yīng)先先通篇瀏覽通篇瀏覽短文，掌握文中短文，掌握文中時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物人物及及事件發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)情節(jié)事件發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)情節(jié)。 抓住了文章的主旨大意后，抓住了文章的主旨大意后，圍繞大意圍繞大意去去閱讀、預(yù)測(cè)、推理、判斷，往往會(huì)收到事閱讀、預(yù)測(cè)、推理、判斷，往往會(huì)收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干擾性半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干擾性強(qiáng)，容易使人犯強(qiáng)，容易使人犯想當(dāng)然想當(dāng)然錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)也就會(huì)錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)也就

3、會(huì)迎刃而解。迎刃而解。 二二:解題技巧解題技巧 注意：要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用注意：要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用 第一句往往可能是全篇的關(guān)鍵句，第一句往往可能是全篇的關(guān)鍵句，首句一般不設(shè)空，它有首句一般不設(shè)空，它有概括和預(yù)示全概括和預(yù)示全文大意文大意的作用，是據(jù)以的作用，是據(jù)以判斷文章體裁判斷文章體裁并并預(yù)測(cè)全文主旨、大意的突口，預(yù)測(cè)全文主旨、大意的突口，常含有解題和理解文章的有用信息。常含有解題和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,howwhen,where,who,what,how) 例如： Tracy is a well-known Chinese-American

4、 writer. But her writing was something she learned by herself. 撇開選項(xiàng)不談，單從這一首句，我們可以捕捉到哪些撇開選項(xiàng)不談，單從這一首句，我們可以捕捉到哪些信息呢信息呢? ?： （1 1）她的身份是作家）她的身份是作家 （2 2）國(guó)籍是美籍華人）國(guó)籍是美籍華人 （3 3）很出名）很出名 （4 4）從時(shí)態(tài)看她還活著）從時(shí)態(tài)看她還活著 可以推測(cè)：可以推測(cè)： 有可能這篇文章是介紹有可能這篇文章是介紹 Tracy Tracy 及其作品的文章，及其作品的文章，對(duì)她和作品的介紹可能是這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容。對(duì)她和作品的介紹可能是這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容。

5、 七個(gè)單詞就給我們提供了這么多的信息，就給我們向七個(gè)單詞就給我們提供了這么多的信息，就給我們向下閱讀提供了心理準(zhǔn)備，并且有了良好的開端。下閱讀提供了心理準(zhǔn)備，并且有了良好的開端。 技巧二技巧二: : 看清看清( )( )，找準(zhǔn)定位詞，找準(zhǔn)定位詞1)Some parts of the water are very shallow（淺的）（淺的）. But in some places it is very. A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞butbut的提示，所填入的詞應(yīng)與的提示，所填入的詞應(yīng)與shallowshallow相反。相反

6、。2)Mrs Smith askedquestions and she didnt scold us either. A. no B. certain C. many D. more andand是一個(gè)并列連詞；是一個(gè)并列連詞；eithereither為副詞，用在否定句或否定詞后為副詞，用在否定句或否定詞后加強(qiáng)語氣，由此可以確定所填的詞也應(yīng)是一個(gè)否定意義的詞加強(qiáng)語氣，由此可以確定所填的詞也應(yīng)是一個(gè)否定意義的詞 上下文上下文 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對(duì)選擇有提示充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對(duì)選擇有提示作用的詞或句。作用的詞或句。 注意上下文的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系注意上下文的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，是做好完

7、型，是做好完型填空的保證，而斷章取義，就題論題，忽填空的保證，而斷章取義，就題論題，忽視前后文的信息提示是我們常犯的錯(cuò)誤。視前后文的信息提示是我們常犯的錯(cuò)誤。 信息提示有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在信息提示有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在前文前文，有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在，有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在后文后文，有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在，有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在本空所在的句子本空所在的句子，這些，這些都需要我們?cè)谧鲱}時(shí)邊讀邊思考，邊讀邊都需要我們?cè)谧鲱}時(shí)邊讀邊思考，邊讀邊儲(chǔ)存信息，邊讀邊注意前后聯(lián)系，這也是儲(chǔ)存信息，邊讀邊注意前后聯(lián)系，這也是第一遍通覽全文的主要作用。第一遍通覽全文的主要作用。 1) In England, people often talk about the _ becaus

8、e you can experience four seasons in a day. A.time B.food C.weather D.book2).One day when he was _ by the windows of a restaurant and having lunch, he heard a voice “Look out!” A.seeing B.buying C.working D.sitting實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練技巧三技巧三: 通順邏輯，尋求通順邏輯，尋求( ) 例如：例如： Nearly three-quarters of the earth is covered

9、_water. A.on B.with C.in D.by固定搭配固定搭配 注意固定搭配，包括注意固定搭配，包括動(dòng)詞與介詞動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配、的搭配、形容詞與介詞形容詞與介詞的搭配等，同時(shí)要根據(jù)內(nèi)容的搭配等，同時(shí)要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語。選擇正確的短語。 One day Mr. Brown had to _1_ to English to give a report to a few top people there, but an important officer came to the airport _2_ the last moment, and Mr. Browns seat was

10、 given to him, so he _3_ able to fly to the city to give his report. 1.A.fly B.by plane C.flew D.flying 2.A.in B.at C.on D.by 3.A.cant B.wasnt C.wont D.didnt實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 技巧四技巧四:了解了解( )，確定相關(guān)知識(shí)，確定相關(guān)知識(shí) 1). Everyone has seen the Olympic Games at some time. and everyone know that _ started the Games. But most pe

11、ople dont know the real story. A. Greeks B. French C. Americans D. English 2).The earth is one of the suns _ , and the moon is our satellite. A. stars B. planets C. satellites D. planet 生活常識(shí)生活常識(shí) 1). Light travels very fast. It moves at 300,000 kilometers in a _ . A. minute B. hour C. second D. day2)

12、. Australia is _1_ the south of the world .June ,July and August are the winter months. Summer is in December , _2_ and February. The north of the country is _3_ than the south . 1.A.in B.on C.to D.near 2.A.November B.January C.March D.October 3.A.colder B.cooler C.hotter D.warmer 技巧五技巧五: 明確明確( )，排除

13、閱讀障礙，排除閱讀障礙1).He used to have a _ of coin-collection, but he has given it up. A. custom B. habit C. hobby D.like2.The wounded soldier was unconscious(昏迷的) but still _ when taken to the hospital. A.living B.alive C.live D.lively詞義辨析詞義辨析 A lady sent a long story to a famous editor. After 1 weeks the e

14、ditor 2 the story to her. The lady was angry. She wrote back to the editor. 1. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 2. A. gave B. came back C. handed D. returned看我的！看我的！技巧六技巧六: 運(yùn)用運(yùn)用( )，理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)，理清句子結(jié)構(gòu) Some parents are greatly worried_their children fail to do well in their studies. A.about B.with C.w

15、hen D.since 1 hungry,people sometimes would kill the animals in the forest for fuel; 2 when cold,they might cut down trees for fuel. 3 ,strong laws were passed to protect the forests and the animals. 1.a.If b.When c.Once d.After 2.a.and b.but c.or d.yet 3.a.Besides b.In addition c.So d.However語法知識(shí)語法

16、知識(shí)1. The sun gives us light . Ikeeps us 1 . It makes thing 2 . Plants ,animals and people need the sun. We cant live 3 the sun. 1.A.warmful B.warmly C.warming D.warm 2.A.grow B.to grow C.growing D.are grown 3.A.with B.in C. without D.have2. Millions of other stars are even bigger and brighter than t

17、he sun. They look small only _1_ they are much farther away. A.when B.because C.if D.for 試試看解題技巧解題技巧(小結(jié)小結(jié))技巧一技巧一: 瀏覽全文，抓準(zhǔn)主旨瀏覽全文，抓準(zhǔn)主旨技巧二技巧二:看清上下文，找準(zhǔn)定位詞看清上下文，找準(zhǔn)定位詞技巧三技巧三:通順邏輯，尋求固定搭配通順邏輯，尋求固定搭配技巧四技巧四:了解生活常識(shí)，確定相關(guān)知識(shí)了解生活常識(shí)，確定相關(guān)知識(shí)技巧五技巧五:明確詞義辨析，排除閱讀障礙明確詞義辨析，排除閱讀障礙技巧六技巧六:運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)，理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)，理清句子結(jié)構(gòu) 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)+語義語義+

18、邏輯邏輯正確正確通順通順合理合理1、 多掌握一些固定搭配，包括固定短語和習(xí)慣語法等，如：多掌握一些固定搭配，包括固定短語和習(xí)慣語法等，如： be good at， be interested in， make progress， at least， take care of， have a population of， get on well with，give sb sth， ask sb to do sth， be / get used to spenddoing， sothat等等。 2、 詞語辨析，表面上是語境中詞語的語意選擇，其實(shí)是考詞語辨析，表面上是語境中詞語的語意選擇，其實(shí)是考

19、詞詞匯的運(yùn)用能力匯的運(yùn)用能力.如：如：speak/say/tell/talk, spend/pay/take/cost 等。3、 熟練的語法知識(shí)，主要包括從句的引導(dǎo)詞、主謂一致、熟練的語法知識(shí)，主要包括從句的引導(dǎo)詞、主謂一致、 名名詞或代詞的格或數(shù)、不定式，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)等。詞或代詞的格或數(shù)、不定式，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)等。熟練的語法知識(shí)不但可以有助于快速理解文章的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和大熟練的語法知識(shí)不但可以有助于快速理解文章的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和大意，對(duì)解題也很有幫助。意，對(duì)解題也很有幫助。 4、前后語境，注意培養(yǎng)結(jié)合全文結(jié)構(gòu)和中心思想，根據(jù)常、前后語境，注意培養(yǎng)結(jié)合全文結(jié)構(gòu)和中心思想，根據(jù)常 識(shí)

20、和上下文提供的信息進(jìn)行理解、分析和推理的能力；識(shí)和上下文提供的信息進(jìn)行理解、分析和推理的能力； 三三:復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn) 小測(cè)試（小測(cè)試（2008年衡陽市中考題）年衡陽市中考題） Are you the only child in the family?If so,you are the most important one in your_1_. Parents are the closest people to you _2_ the world.But a lot of middle school students have a problem. They feel theyre not

21、as _3_ as to their parents as before.They even dont think their parents are fire to them. Some students complain that their parents often say a lot to them,but _4_ listen to them. Some say their parents _5_ them to play computer games when other classmates are doing that.Others say when theyre makin

22、g phone calls to friends,their parents like to ask if theyre speaking to a boy or a girl.These make them very _6_ .Some students even decide to leave home because theyre afraid to tell their parents when they have done _7_ wrong. Then they usually think running away is the only _8_. But they dont kn

23、ow it may bring them _9_ problems. Problems are parts of life.Find a good chance _10_ to your parents.Dont be afraid to tell them your feelings.And show them youre growing u,then theyll feel youre no longer a small child.( ) 1. A. family B. families C. school( ) 2. A. at B. on C. in( ) 3. A. close B.closest C. closer( ) 4. A.often B.never C. always( ) 5.A.dont allow B. didnt allow C. allow( ) 6. A. happy B. ill C. unhappy( )7.A.nothing B. anying C.someing( )8.A. choice B. choose C. chose( )9.A. more B. most C.much( )10.A. talking B.talk C. to talk Thank you for listening!