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,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅲ. 句式填空 1. while +v. -ing 當做……的時候 While studying at university（當在大學學習時）, he discovers the secret of how to create life. 2. wish +（that) +主語+虛擬語氣 I wish I had not done（我沒做） this terrible thing. 3．to do 形式作主語 But to rely on a few cloned animals or crops (依靠少數(shù)克隆的動植物) would restrict the biodiversity of the breed.,,,,,,,Ⅳ. 教材設題 1. I hid in the garden and stayed there till morning, _______ by what I had done. A. terrified B. terrifying C. being terrified D. to be terrified 【解析】選A。句意為：我藏在花園里，一直待到清晨，為我的所作所為感到恐懼。terrified與主語I之間為被動關系，故用過去分詞形式。C表示正受到驚嚇；D表示將要受到驚嚇，均與題意不符。,2. In fact, it was in 1866 ______ Mendel first recorded the results of growing pea plants. A. when B. how C. why D. that 【解析】選D。考查強調句式。句意為：事實上，在1866年孟德爾就首次記錄下了種植豌豆的結果。it was. . . that. . . 為強調句式，去掉該結構后，原句仍然成立。,3. A clone is an organism which is genetically _______ to another one. A. optional B. controversial C. identical D. beneficial 【解析】選C?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意為：一個克隆體就是在基因上與另外一個生物體完全一樣的生物體。optional可選擇的，隨意的；controversial引起爭議的，引起爭論的；beneficial有益的；identical相同的，符合題意。,4. A doctor wants to offer cloning as a treatment for couples who find _______ difficult to have children. A. one B. it C. that D. too 【解析】選B。考查形式賓語。句意為：一名醫(yī)生想為那些發(fā)現(xiàn)很難生育孩子的夫婦提供克隆作為治療方法。it在此作形式賓語，真正的賓語為to have children。,1. Seeing the inviting sweets, the boy couldn’t _______ reaching out for some. A. decline B. refuse C. reject D. resist 【解析】選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意為：看到誘人的糖果，那個男孩子忍不住伸手拿了一些。can’t resist doing= can’t help doing。decline拒絕，謝絕；refuse拒絕，接不定式；reject拒絕，抵制，后接名詞。,2．Nobody wanted to make friends with the student _______ money. A. suspected having stolen B. suspected to steal C. suspected to have stolen D. suspected of having stolen 【解析】選D。句意為：沒人愿意和那個被懷疑偷錢的學生交朋友。suspect sb. of (doing)sth. 懷疑某人（做）某事。故選D。,3. _______ in the video games, he didn’t notice his father coming. A. Absorbed B. Absorbing C. Having absorbed D. Being absorbed 【解析】選A。句意為：沉浸在電子游戲當中，他沒注意到父親進來。be absorbed in sth. 專心致志于……。此句為省略句，補全后為：Because he was absorbed in the video games, he. . . 。,4. With no hope for _______ and no way to reduce her pain，the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life. A. treat B. cure C. ache D. love 【解析】選B?？疾槊~辨析。句意：由于沒有了治愈疾病的希望，又沒有辦法減少痛苦，病人尋求她的醫(yī)生的幫助來結束她的生命。and連接兩個名詞短語作with的賓語，即no hope for cure和no way to reduce. . . , 表示原因。cure“治愈”，與句意吻合。treat對待；ache疼；love關愛，均與句意不吻合。,5. 完成句子 1）Her dark hair contrasts with (與……形成對比) her pale silk coat. 2）In contrast with（與……相比）the city life, time seemed to pass slowly in the country.,,,,,1. The way the guests _______ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. ［2009北京，27］ A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated 【解析】選B?！翱腿恕迸c“招待”的關系為被動關系；treat的動作與influence的動作具有同時性，應用一般過去時。,2．—How about your journey to Mount Emei? — Everything was wonderful except that our car ______ twice on the way. ［2009四川，8］ A. slowed down B. broke down C. got down D. put down 【解析】選B。slow down放慢（速度），（使）減速；break down（健康）垮掉，分解，（機器等）出故障；get down下來，寫下，使沮喪；put down記下。,3．It took the new teacher weeks to bring her class ______ . A. beyond control B. in control of C. out of control D. under control 【解析】選D。句意為：這位新老師花了好幾周的時間才控制好班級。bring. . . under control使……得到控制。A、C均意為：失去控制，不合題意。B項后面需加賓語，不符合語法結構。,1. How I wish I _______ hard when I was at school! A. had studied B. studied C. should study D. would study 【解析】選A。由后面was可知說話人表達的是與過去相反的愿望，故用過去完成時。,2. 句型轉換 1) You are very kind. You could say so. (用it和不定式) It’s kind of you to say so . 2)Where will we go out for the weekend? This hasn’t been decided. (用不定式作主語) Where to go out for the weekend hasn’t been decided.,,,,,1. It was really a _______ experience, after which everyone was very _______ . A. terrifying; shocking B. terrified; shocking C. terrifying; shocked D. terrified; shocked 【解析】選C。一般來說，形容詞化的分詞，常用-ing形式修飾物；-ed形式修飾人。故本題選C。,2. Our elder son has been _______the Continent for several months. ［2011荊門模擬］ A. knocking about B. knocking down C. knocking over D. knocking out 【解析】選A。考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：我們大兒子已在歐洲大陸轉了幾個月了。knock about閑逛；knock down撞倒；knock over打翻；knock out摧毀。,Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫 1. The tall boy terrified（威嚇） him into stealing money. 2. The white snow contrasts （形成對比）with the brilliant blue sky. 3. This medicine cured（治愈） her of cough. 4. I couldn’t resist（抵抗） glancing at her paper. 5. In cold climates, houses need to have walls that will absorb（吸收） heat.,,,,,,,,,,,6. The bad meat gave out a disgusting（令人惡心的） smell. 7. People suspect（懷疑） the truth of the news. 8. Do you think it will be beneficial（有益的） to your body? 9. He treated（招待） her to a dinner, but she refused. 10. Chase（追趕） after Tim and ask him to get some bananas while he’s at the shop.,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅱ. 用所給詞語的正確形式填空 break down, in contrast with, suspect . . . of, cure. . . of, treat. . . as, get out of control 1. Her bad behaviour was in contrast with her fine words. 2. The bridge broke down in last earthquake. 3. The angry fans got out of control at last. 4. The police suspected her of murder. 5. The teachers must treat the students as adults. 6. The doctor devoted himself to curing the patient of cancer.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅲ. 單項填空 1. —I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have shouted at you the other day. —Forget it. I was a bit _______ myself. ［2011長春模擬］ A. out of control B. under control C. lost control D. in control 【解析】選A。句意為：——對不起，那天我不該沖你嚷嚷?！税伞Ｎ易约阂灿悬c失控。be out of control失去控制；under control 處于控制之下；lost control失去控制，但此處不需要謂語動詞；in control在控制之中。故A項最佳。,2. The look _______ on his face shows that he’s greatly _______ . A. terrified; terrified B. terrified; terrifying C. terrifying; terrifying D. terrifying; terrified 【解析】選A。句意為：他臉上害怕的表情表明他極其恐懼。terrified用來修飾人及人的表情，terrifying用來修飾物，根據(jù)題意，應選A。,3. The man _______ of shooting 6 school children was caught by the police. ［2011永州模擬］ A. being suspected B. suspecting C. suspected D. to be suspected 【解析】選C。句意為：那個被懷疑射殺6名學生的人被警方抓住了。分析題干可知，the man與suspect之間為被動關系，故排除B。A表示正在受到懷疑，D表示將要受到懷疑，均與題意不符。,4. —How much of the foreign expert’s speech have you understood? —Next to nothing. I wish I _______ harder at English. A. worked B. had worked C. would work D. were working 【解析】選B。句意為：——那位外國專家的演講你聽懂多少？——幾乎都不懂。我真希望我當年學英語時更努力些。由上下文可知后面說的事與過去的事實相反，故用過去完成時。,5. — This afternoon let’s go to a good restaurant. — Oh, it’ll cost a lot of money. — Don’t worry. It is my _______ today. A. service B. offer C. turn D. treat 【解析】選D。It is my treat today. 今天我請客。此句為固定表達方式。,6. At one point, the peace talks between the two countries seemed close to _______ . ［2011漳州模擬］ A. break away B. break through C. breaking down D. breaking out 【解析】選C。句意為：曾經一度，這兩國之間的和談似乎就要破裂。break down分解，發(fā)生故障，失敗；break through 突破，突圍；break away脫離，放棄，逃跑；break out爆發(fā)。因close to中的to為介詞，需接v. -ing形式。,【舉一反三】 At first he refused to admit he had stolen but when he was shown the videotape he _______ and admitted everything. A. broke up B. broke away C. broke down D. broke in 【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。break down垮掉，崩潰，符合題意。break up打碎，分解；break away突然離開，放棄；break in闖入，打斷。,7. They were often so ________ in their research that they skipped meals and rest. ［2011上海模擬］ A. attracted B. absorbed C. drawn D. concentrated 【解析】選B。句意為：他們常常專注于研究，甚至廢寢忘食。be absorbed in專心致志于……, 符合題意。,【舉一反三】 _______ writing the article, he forgot that he had a meeting to attend. A. Absorbed in B. Absorbing at C. To absorb in D. Having absorbed by 【解析】選A。be absorbed in“全神貫注于……”。當從句主語和主句主語一致且從句中含有be動詞時，可把從句主語和be動詞同時省略，從句補充完整為：When he was absorbed in writing the article。,8. _______ better in 2010 World Expo was the duty of every citizen in Shanghai. A. Being served B. To serve C. Serve D. Having served 【解析】選B。考查非謂語形式。句意為：更好地為2010世博會服務是每個上海市民的職責。非謂語形式作主語，一般有v. -ing和不定式兩種形式。A項為被動式，與題意不符，D項為完成式，常作狀語，且有逗號與后面句子分開。,9. Mr. Black doesn’t understand _______ made his wife so upset this morning. A. what was it B. why it was that C. how that was D. what it was that 【解析】選D?？疾閺娬{句式。分析題干可知強調句式部分作賓語從句，語序用陳述語序，排除A；根據(jù)題意疑問詞應用what。,【方法技巧】 強調句式大觀園 強調是一種修辭，是人們?yōu)榱吮磉_自己的意愿或情感而使用的一種形式，主要有如下幾種形式： 1．用助動詞“do（does／did）＋動詞原形”來表示強調： He does know the place well． 他的確很熟悉這個地方。 Do write to me when you get there． 你到那兒后務必給我來信。,2．用in the world，on earth，at all等介詞短語可以表達更強的語氣（常用于疑問句)： Where in the world could he be？ 他到底會在哪兒？ What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？ Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？ 3．用感嘆句來表示強烈的感情，突出說話人的情感： How interesting a story it is！ 這是一個多么有趣的故事??！ Oh，what a lie！啊，真是彌天大謊！,4．將要強調的句子或被強調的部分置于句首來加強語氣： On the table were some flowers． 桌上擺著一些花。（強調地點） Many a time have I climbed that hill． 我多次翻過那座山。 Only in this way can we solve this problem． 只有這樣，我們才能解決這個問題。,5．用強調句型：“It is（was）＋被強調的部分＋that（who）＋原句其他部分”來強調說話人的意愿： 被強調的部分為“人”時用who，為“物”時用that。 It was on Monday night that all this happened． 所有這一切都發(fā)生在周一晚上。 It’s me who he blamed．他怪的是我。 注意：在It is (was). . . that句式中，被強調部分不能是謂語。,10. The CEO of the computer company made the final decision after he _______ the matter with the board members. A. contacted B. connected C. consulted D. contrasted 【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意為：在與董事會成員商議之后，電腦公司的首席執(zhí)行官做了最終的決定。contact聯(lián)系；connect連接；consult商議，洽談；contrast對比，對照。,11. Many medical scientists have found the cure _______ H1N1. A．of B．for C. with D. on 【解析】選B。句意為：許多醫(yī)學家已經找到治療H1N1的方法。cure for. . . ……的療法，為固定搭配。,12. —I couldn’t _______ telling him the secret. —You shouldn’t have done that. A. consist B. insist C. resist D. exist 【解析】選C。resist抵抗，抵制, 符合題意。consist構成；insist堅持；exist存在。,13. Jenny said she was _______ by the programme on TV, and she turned it off. A. disgusted B. attracted C. disgusting D. attracting 【解析】選A。 be disgusted by. . . 因……而感到厭煩，符合題意。由于是被動關系，排除C、D。attract“吸引”，不合語境。,14. It’s impossible for all the people _______ jobs because _______ of them are not fit for them. A. getting; none B. to get; all C. to get; not all D. get; every one 【解析】選B。本句中it作形式主語，不定式to get jobs作真正主語。根據(jù)句意及部分否定用法可知應選B。,15. —Who’s that man? I haven’t seen him before. —Oh, he’s been _______ here for days. A. knocking about B. turning up C. coming out D. taking in 【解析】選A?？疾閯釉~詞組辨析。句意：——那個人是誰？我以前從沒見過?！?，他已經在這里閑逛好幾天了。A“閑逛”，符合句意。B“出現(xiàn)”；C“出來，出版，發(fā)表，顯露”；D“吸收，帶進來”，均不符合句意。,Ⅳ. 閱讀理解 (A) Have you ever heard a news reporter talk about DNA? Reporters talk about DNA found at the scene of a crime．They talk about police finding DNA “fingerprints．” Police sometimes use DNA as a clue to find out who committed the crime． DNA is a substance（物質） that makes up genes．Everything alive has genes．Plants have genes．Animals have genes．You have genes．,Genes are the basic units of heredity（遺傳）．Heredity means all the characteristics you inherit from your parents．You get your genes from your parents．You inherit half of your genes from your mother．You inherit half of your genes from your father． Genes are a kind of code．A tree’s genes tell what shape its leaves will be．A cat’s genes tell what color its fur will be．Your genes tell what color your eyes will be．Your genes tell what color your hair will be．Everything about you comes from the code in your genes．,Genes line up on strands（鏈） called chromosomes（染色體） in cells．Everything alive is made up of cells．Chromosomes are in the center, or nucleus, of cells． Different parts of you are made of different kinds of cells．Your muscles are made of muscle cells．Your skin is made of skin cells．The code in your genes tells your body to make different kinds of cells．The genes in each cell tell the cell how to work．They tell the cell when to make new copies of itself．,An Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel first saw inherited patterns in pea plants．He experimented with pea plants in the 1860s．One of the things, or traits（特質）， Mendel studied was what makes some pea plants tall and some short．He said that the traits must come from units of heredity passed from the parent plants．These units were later called genes．,In the mid-1900s, scientists discovered that genes are made of DNA．In the 1970s, scientists learned how to change DNA with genetic engineering．Scientists also learned that problems with certain genes cause diseases．Muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, and hemophilia are some genetic diseases—diseases caused by problems in genes．Today, scientists are looking for ways to cure genetic diseases by changing genes through a process called gene therapy． 【文章大意】本文介紹了DNA及基因的有關知識，以及科學家們正在利用基因療法來尋找一些疾病的治療方法。,1．What is DNA? A．DNA is a kind of gene． B．DNA is a substance that makes up genes． C．DNA is the basic unit of heredity． D．DNA is a measure to protect crime． 【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句可知。,2．Which of the following about genes is correct according to the passage? A．Plants, animals and human beings have the same genes． B．Half people inherit all genes from their mothers, others from their fathers． C．Genes decide the trees’ leaves’ shapes, the cats’ fur’s color and our eyes’ color as well． D．Genes will give you a code when you need them． 【解析】選C。推理判斷題。由文章第四段可知基因決定樹葉的形狀、貓皮毛的顏色以及我們眼睛的顏色。,3．Where are genes? A．Genes lining up on strands called chromosomes are in the center of cells． B．Genes hide in everything alive in your body． C．Genes can be nowhere but in your mind, controlling all your actions． D．Genes travel in your body and help cope skin, muscle, and eyes． 【解析】選A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段可知正確答案。,4．We can conclude that ________ ． A．scientists were less intelligent than monks in 1900s B．some genes are bad and can cause diseases C．we don’t need to worry about genetic diseases any longer D．the discovery of genes may be of great help in our daily life 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知：科學家們正在通過基因療法努力尋找新的治療疾病的方法。,(B) The Human Genome(基因組) Project, a great $3 billion, 15-year task aimed at drawing the genetic map of humans, is now more than 90 percent completed. The scientific and medical communities are very excited about the chances genetic research provides for getting rid of diseases and prolonging(延長) human life. But those communities and policy makers also are careful about the scientific door they are opening as the project uncovers the mysteries of life.,For the last few years, the genetic advances in the developing field of biotechnology have provided material for all kinds of work, but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of the human genetic code(密碼) have opened a world of possibilities for human health, as well as for the popular imagination.,While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding(解碼) human DNA, the leading organization for genetic research in the United States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code” of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal(致命的)diseases. Already, the Human Genome Project has become widely known and praised for finding the genes connected with terrible diseases as yet(迄今), and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer or AIDS.,Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections(傳染), and genetic diseases. Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human genome, as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses. 【文章大意】繪制人類基因組圖，這將意味著人類消滅癌癥、艾滋病的危害，延長人類壽命將成為現(xiàn)實。,5. Why did the scientists work hard at mapping the human genome? A. Because the human genome can destroy many illnesses. B. Because the human genome’s completion can help them get rid of many diseases. C. Because they wanted to be better known than others. D. Because the human genome can provide a lot of chances of work.,【解析】選 B。語意理解題。從文章最后一段第一句話Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections, and genetic diseases. 可以看出科學家們完成人類基因組圖的目的。,6. Which country studied the genes most rapidly in the world? A. Japan. B. Germany. C. The United States. D. China. 【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。由第三段. . . the leading organization for genetic research in the United States, 可知答案選 C。,7. The author suggests that the Human Genome Project can cause _______ . A. the policy makers to feel very worried and careful B. the scientists to work harder C. many people to find work easily D. a lot of companies to produce many new drugs 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。從文章內容可知，人類基因組圖的完成將有助于科學家們攻克一系列難關。所以，他們會更努力地探究。,8. The main idea of this article is about _______ . A. unlocking genetic code B. the genes’ discovery C. the great human genome D. the genes and the scientists 【解析】選A。主旨大意題。綜合文章內容，不難概括出本文主旨：解讀基因密碼。,Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1.The tall boy terrified（威嚇） him into stealing money. 2.The white snow contrasts （形成對比）with the brilliant blue sky. 3.This medicine cured（治愈） her of cough. 4.I couldn’t resist（抵抗） glancing at her paper. 5.In cold climates, houses need to have walls that will absorb（吸收） heat.,,,,,,,,,,,6.The bad meat gave out a disgusting（令人惡心的） smell. 7.People suspect（懷疑） the truth of the news. 8.Do you think it will be beneficial（有益的） to your body? 9.He treated（招待） her to a dinner, but she refused. 10.Chase（追趕） after Tim and ask him to get some bananas while he’s at the shop.,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅱ.用所給詞語的正確形式填空 break down, in contrast with, suspect . of, cure.of, treat.as, get out of control 1.Her bad behaviour was in contrast with her fine words. 2.The bridge broke down in last earthquake. 3.The angry fans got out of control at last.,,,,,,,,4.The police suspected her of murder. 5.The teachers must treat the students as adults. 6.The doctor devoted himself to curing the patient of cancer.,,,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅲ.語法和詞匯知識 1.—I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have shouted at you the other day. —Forget it. I was a bit_______ myself. ［2011長春模擬］ A. out of control B. under control C. lost control D. in control,【解析】選A。句意為：——對不起，那天我不該沖你嚷嚷?！税?。我自己也有點失控。be out of control失去控制；under control 處于控制之下；lost control失去控制，但此處不需要謂語動詞；in control在控制之中。故A項最佳。,2.The ______ look on his face shows that he’s greatly______ . A. terrified; terrified B. terrified; terrifying C. terrifying; terrifying D. terrifying; terrified 【解析】選A。句意為：他臉上害怕的表情表明他極其恐懼。terrified用來修飾人及人的表情，terrifying用來修飾物，根據(jù)題意，應選A。,3.The man _______ of shooting 6 school children was caught by the police. A. being suspected B. suspecting C. suspected D. to be suspected 【解析】選C。句意為：那個被懷疑射殺6名學生的人被警方抓住了。分析題干可知，the man與suspect之間為被動關系，故排除B。A表示正在受到懷疑，D表示將要受到懷疑，均與題意不符。,4. —How much of the foreign expert’s speech have you understood? —Next to nothing. I wish I _______ harder at English. A. worked B. had worked C. would work D. were working 【解析】選B。句意為：——那位外國專家的演講你聽懂多少？——幾乎都不懂。我真希望我當年學英語時更努力些。由上下文可知后面說的事與過去的事實相反，故用過去完成時。,5.— This afternoon let’s go to a good restaurant. — Oh, it’ll cost a lot of money. — Don’t worry. It is my _______ today. A. service B. offer C. turn D. treat 【解析】選D。It is my treat today.今天我請客。此句為固定表達方式。,6. At one point, the peace talks between the two countries seemed close to _______ . ［2011銅川模擬］ A. break away B. break through C. breaking down D. breaking out 【解析】選C。句意為：曾經一度，這兩國之間的和談似乎就要破裂。break down分解，發(fā)生故障，失??；break through 突破，突圍；break away脫離，放棄，逃跑；break out爆發(fā)。因close to中的to為介詞，需接v.-ing形式。,【舉一反三】 At first he refused to admit he had stolen but when he was shown the videotape he ______ and admitted everything. A. broke up B .broke away C. broke down D. broke in 【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。break down垮掉，崩潰，符合題意。break up打碎，分解；break away突然離開，放棄；break in闖入，打斷。,7. They were often so ______ in their research that they skipped meals and rest. ［2011上海模擬］ A. attracted B. absorbed C. drawn D. concentrated 【解析】選B。句意為：他們常常專注于研究，甚至廢寢忘食。be absorbed in專心致志于……, 符合題意。,【舉一反三】 _______ writing the article, he forgot that he had a m