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1、專題三 冠詞 學(xué)前自測（發(fā)現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)） ( )1. I really like _____ guitar you bought yesterday, Dad. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )2. Every night I read books for ____ hour before going to bed. A. a; a B. an; / C. an; the D. a; / ( )3. New

2、 York is one of ____ biggest cities in the world, but it doesn’t have long history. A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. the; the ( )4. After school we usually play ____ basketball for half an hour on _____ playground. A. the; the B. / ; / C. / ; the

3、 D. the; / ( )5. Our Chinese teacher told us ____ interesting story and ____ story was about Thomas Edison. A. an; a B. an; the C. the; a D. the; the ( )6. —By the way, have you got ___ Email address? —Yes, of course. ____ Email address is happ

4、ylife@ qq. com. A. a; An B. an; The C. a; The D. the; The ( )7. —Are you looking for another flat? —Yes. My mum said ____ old one was too small after my younger brother was born. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )8

5、. —What do you want to be when you grow up? — ____ actor like Chen Daoming. I really like his performance on the TV play. A. A B. The C. An D. / ( )9. It is not far from the hotel to library. Actually, it is only ____ 800-metre walk. A. / ; a

6、 B. the; an C. / ; an D. the; a ( )10. Would you like to have ___ supper with us ____ this Sunday? A. a; / B. / ; / C. a; on D. / ; on 常考考點(diǎn)知識清單（研習(xí)考點(diǎn)） 考點(diǎn)一 定冠詞的基本用法 定冠詞表示特指,指特定的人或物,它與可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞都能連用。 1. 表示特指的人或物。 Is this the book that

7、 you are looking for? 這就是你正在找的書嗎? 2. 表示雙方都知道的或心中明白的人或物。 Please fill in the form and sign it. 請?zhí)顚懕砀癫⒑炞帧? 3. 指上文提到過的人或物。 Cut up a tomato, and put the tomato on the bread. 將一個(gè)西紅柿切碎,再將切碎的西紅柿放在面包上。 4. 用于世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前。 The Earth moves around the sun. 地球圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。 5. 用于序數(shù)詞前或表示方位的名詞前和形容詞最高級前。 It's the sec

8、ond country they will visit in Asia. 這是他們在亞洲要參觀的第二個(gè)國家。 Beijing lies in the north of China. 北京位于中國的北邊。 Autumn is the best season in Beijing. 秋天是北京最好的季節(jié)。 6. 用于樂器名稱前。 He can play the violin well, but he can't play the piano. 他拉小提琴拉得很好,可他不會彈鋼琴。 7. 在復(fù)數(shù)姓氏前加 the,表示某某一家人或夫婦,?？闯蓮?fù)數(shù)。 The Taylors were hav

9、ing dinner when I came in. 當(dāng)我進(jìn)來時(shí),泰勒全家人/ 泰勒夫婦正在吃晚飯。 8. 用在一些形容詞前,表示一類人。 The poor are against the plan, but the rich are for it. 窮人們反對這個(gè)計(jì)劃,而富人們贊成。 9. 用于一些專有名詞前。 the Great Wall 長城 the Changjiang River 長江 10. 用于表示某世紀(jì)逢十的年代之前。 in the 1990s 在 20 世紀(jì) 90 年代 11. 在一些習(xí)慣用語中。 the US 美國 the UK 英國 all the tim

10、e 一直 by the way 順便說一下 巧記: 定冠詞 the 的用法 特指雙方熟悉,上文已經(jīng)提及;世上獨(dú)一無二,方位以及樂器; 某些專有名詞,外加復(fù)數(shù)姓氏;序數(shù)詞最高級,習(xí)慣用語要特記。 考點(diǎn)二 不定冠詞的基本用法 不定冠詞有兩個(gè): a 和 an。 a 用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前,而 an 用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前。 注意:有些單詞,如 useful, university, European 等雖然是以元音字母開頭,但卻是以輔音音素開頭,所以前面要用 a;有些單詞如 hour, honest 等雖然是以輔音字母開頭,卻是以元音音素開頭,所以前面要用 an。 1.

11、表示一類人或物。 My father bought me a present, but I don't know what it is. 我爸爸給我買了一件禮物,可我不知道是什么。 2. 用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前。 I saw a girl running on the playground. 我看見一個(gè)女孩正在操場上跑步。 3. 表示數(shù)量,有“一”的含義。 There is a picture on the wall. 墻上有一幅圖畫。 4. 有些不可數(shù)名詞要表示“一種”、“一場”、“一堆”等時(shí),要用不定冠詞。 have a long history 擁有悠久的歷史 5

12、. 表示“每一”,相當(dāng)于 every。 Take three pills a day and you'll get better soon. 每天吃三片藥,你很快就會好的。 6. 用于序數(shù)詞之前,表示“又一”;“再一”。 She has failed two times. She wants to try a third time. 她失敗了兩次。 她想再試一次。 7. 用于某些固定詞組中。 have a good time 玩得高興;a lot of 許多 巧記:不定冠詞 a, an 的用法 冠詞 a, an 兩種帽,單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要。 選帽只要聽讀音,不看字母能做到; 若是

13、元音音素來開頭,一定需要選 an 帽; 輔音音素戴 a 帽,記住規(guī)律莫亂套。 考點(diǎn)三 零冠詞的基本用法 1. 當(dāng)專有名詞(如人名、地名、國家名)、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞表示泛指時(shí)前面通常不用冠詞。 Money is not everything. 金錢不是萬能的。 China is a great country in the world. 中國是世界上一個(gè)偉大的國家。 2. 不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)不用冠詞。 Young people like to read books. 年輕人喜歡讀書。 3. 在季節(jié)、月份、星期等表示時(shí)間的名詞之前,不加冠詞。 January

14、 1st is New Year's Day. 一月一日是元旦。 4. 在稱呼或表示官銜、職位的名詞前不加冠詞。 Doctor, I'm not feeling myself today. 醫(yī)生,我今天感覺有些不舒服。 5. 在三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)和娛樂運(yùn)動(dòng)的名稱前,不加冠詞。 What do you usually have for lunch? 你午餐經(jīng)常吃什么? Do you like playing football or baseball? 你喜歡踢足球還是打棒球? 6. 當(dāng) by 與火車等交通工具連用,表示一種方式時(shí),中間無冠詞。 Did you go there by p

15、lane or by ship? 你是乘飛機(jī)還是乘輪船去的那里? 7. 名詞前面有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞或名詞的所有格修飾時(shí),前面不用冠詞。 His book is on the desk. 他的書在桌子上。 巧記: 零冠詞的用法 下列情況不用冠,名詞之前代詞限。 復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指,球類學(xué)科和三餐。 專有名詞不可數(shù),星期月份季節(jié)前。 交通方式和娛樂,習(xí)語稱謂和頭銜。 考點(diǎn)四 常見含有冠詞及不含冠詞的詞組 1. 常見含有冠詞的詞組 (1) 常見含有不定冠詞的詞組 a little/ few/ bit; have a look/ rest/ cold/ fever; h

16、ave a good time; in a hurry; a lot of; a great time; a number of; make a decision; make a living; make a face; make a mistake; in a word; take a bus/ train/ plane (2) 常見含有定冠詞的詞 in the daytime; in the morning/ afternoon/ evening; in the middle of; in the end; in the open air; by the way; by the end

17、 of; at the beginning of; at the same time; at the moment; on the other side of; on the right/ left; on the one hand; on the other hand 2. 常見的不含冠詞的詞組 at first/ last; at home/ school/ work; at noon/ night; by plane; all day and all night; in danger; in fact; in time; on time; on foot; watch TV; (st

18、ay/ be) in bed; go to school/ work/ bed 3. 有無冠詞的幾個(gè)注意點(diǎn): (1) 單數(shù)名詞前面加冠詞或不定冠詞以及復(fù)數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞都可表示某一類。 A dog is a useful animal. = The dog is a useful animal. =Dogs are useful animals. 狗是有用的動(dòng)物。 (2) 序數(shù)詞前面用定冠詞表示“第幾”;用不定冠詞表示“又一”;“再一”。 Who can answer the first question? 誰能回答第一個(gè)問題? I have had two apples. But

19、 I would like a third one. 我已經(jīng)吃了兩個(gè)蘋果了。 但是我還想再吃一個(gè)。 (3) 某些固定短語中有無定冠詞的區(qū)別: 無定冠詞 有定冠詞 at table 在吃飯 at the table 在桌子旁邊(不一定在吃飯) at/ in school 在上學(xué) at/ in the school 在學(xué)校里(不一定是學(xué)生) by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海邊 go to bed 上床睡覺 go to the bed 走到床邊(不一定是去睡覺) in bed(睡、病、躺)在床上 in the bed 在床上 in class 在課上

20、 in the class 在班級里 in front of 在(外部的)前面 in the front of 在(內(nèi)部的)前面 in hospital(生病)住院 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里(不一定在住院) on earth 究竟 on the Earth 在地球上 鞏固訓(xùn)練（夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)） 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. —Do you know ____ woman in red? —Yes, she is a teacher of ____ university. A. the; a B. a; an

21、 C. the; an D. / ; the ( )2. —What do you know about England and Singapore? —England is _____ European country and Singapore is ____ Asian country. A. an; an B. an; a C. a; a D. a; an ( )3. —Quickly! If we miss ___ last bus, we'll h

22、ave to go home on ___ foot. —I'm coming. A. a; / B. the; a C. the; / D. a; a ( )4. — ___ old man in ___ brown coat over there is Mr Wang. —Let's go and say hello to him. A. An; a B. An; the C. The; a D. The; the (

23、 )5. —How will you go to America? —By ____ plane. A. / B. a C. the D. an ( )6. —Do you know the Double Ninth Festival? —Yes, I do. It reminds me to respect ____ old. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )7. —I

24、had ___ glass of milk for ___ breakfast this morning. —Oh, that's not enough. A. an; a B. a; / C. the; / D. a; the ( )8. —There is ___ pen on the desk. Would you please pass ____ pen to me? —OK. Here you are. A. a; a B. a; the C. the;

25、 a D. the; the ( )9. —We will have ___ meeting on ___ Wednesday. —Oh, I don't know if I have time. A. a; / B. the; a C. a; the D. / ; / ( )10. —Kitty is ___ active girl and she is fond of playing ____ volleyball. —Yes, she is. A. an; a B. a; the C. an; / D. a; / 答案： 學(xué)前自測 1-5 CBBCB 6-10 BCCBB 鞏固訓(xùn)練 1-5 ADCCA 6-10 CBBAC 7