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高考英語(yǔ)完型填空：一詞多義和熟詞生義 一詞多義： （一）文章中的 1.【2017年全國(guó)卷3】A Toronto is offering a free round-the-world air to the right woman. But restrictions apply. YoumustbenamedElizabethGallahgherandhaveaCanadianpassport. Apply v.應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)；有關(guān)，涉及 2.【2017年全國(guó)卷3】He posted his offer on a social networking website, and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallagbers with the right passports. Post v.郵寄；發(fā)布（信息），發(fā)帖子 n.帖子 3.【2017年北京卷】She began to host “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to contribute to the cause. Cause n.原因，理由；事業(yè)；理想；目標(biāo) v.導(dǎo)致 4.【2017年北京卷】In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of praises. For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the efforts of young people to change the world. Recognize v.意識(shí)到；認(rèn)出；公認(rèn)，賞識(shí)，表彰 5.【2016年北京卷】The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. Pick up 拾起，拿起；接載；學(xué)會(huì)；獲得，贏得；逮捕 6.【2016年新課標(biāo)三】Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. Work out 想出，制定出；解決；計(jì)算出；理解，弄懂；鍛煉 7.【2016年新課標(biāo)三】His words freed me from my bad dreams. Free adj. 免費(fèi)的; 自由的; 空閑的; v. 釋放; 免除; 使自由; 解救; 8.【2014年四川】In fact, theyre hard to spot, because they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching. Spot n.地點(diǎn)，斑點(diǎn)， v.認(rèn)出，弄臟 9.【2014年安徽】As the meal drew to a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando. Close v.關(guān)，結(jié)束，使靠近 adj.緊密的 10.【2014遼寧卷】It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor. Appointment v.任命；約會(huì) 11.【2014遼寧卷】Then I told her about the business meeting. 47 , my explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive me mad as well. Drive v.開車；驅(qū)使 12.【2014遼寧卷】Thinking more about Kens words, I 56 recognized the root cause of such disagreement. Cause v. 導(dǎo)致 n. 原因，理由；事業(yè)；理想；目標(biāo) 13.【2014遼寧卷】 When I arrived at the 44 ，1 apologized and told Eleanor I didnt mean to be late. She screamed, "You never mean to." Well, I 45 tell she was angry. Tell v.告訴；分辨； 14.【2014年天津卷】One night, when I was eight , my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. “Sweetie, my company wants to 16 me but needs me to work in Brazil. Company n.朋友；公司 15.【2014年天津卷】During my fourth-grade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Break v.壞；破 n.休息 16.【2014山東卷】Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting broke bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area. Operating n.手術(shù) v.操作 17.【2013年四川】I was 14 to hospital and had to say there for weeks while the doctors 15 to save my life. Save v. 節(jié)省；拯救；存 18.【2013天津】As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses(老繭）and roughness. Notice v. 注意到 n.通知 19.【2013天津】It was a challenging time for everyone, 27 Dad remained optimistic. Remain v.持續(xù) n.殘??；遺體 （二）選項(xiàng)中的 1.【2017新課標(biāo)II】Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. 【D】 56. A. observing B. preparing C. designing D. conducting Conduct v. 引導(dǎo)；指揮；組織；實(shí)施 n.行為，舉止 2.【2017天津卷】This combination of healing myself and healing the world 26 me as the perfect solution. 【D】 26.A.scared B. considered C. confused D. struck Strike v.讓人覺(jué)得…；碰，撞；自然災(zāi)害侵襲；突然想到；劃，擦；報(bào)時(shí)； n. 罷工 3.【2017天津卷】As began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would 28 the same difficulties that beat me before. 【B】 28.A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside Run into 遇到（困難或不利局勢(shì)）；偶然遇見；（開車）撞上 4.【2017天津卷】A year later, I 34 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! 【B】 34.A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped Reach v. 實(shí)現(xiàn)；到達(dá)，抵達(dá)；伸手（去?。?；聯(lián)系，與……取得聯(lián)系 5.【2017江蘇卷】In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, struggling across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, __37__at school for practice hours before anyone else had to be there. 【D】 37. A. rising up B. coming up C. driving up D. turning up Turn up 調(diào)大（音量）；出現(xiàn)，露面；到達(dá) 6.【2016年天津卷】She coughed and choked and could hardly 21 her first few weeks. 【B】 21. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste Survive v. 幸存；艱難度過(guò)；繼續(xù)存在；比……活的時(shí)間長(zhǎng) 7.【2016年四川卷】As shown here, Lainey can become excited about reading when 60 with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process. 【A】 60.A.Presented B.concerned C. disturbed D .replaced Present adj.目前的，現(xiàn)在的；出席的 n.禮物 v.贈(zèng)送；出現(xiàn)；介紹 8.【2015.北京】One woman, Mrs. Gilbert,48Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin. 【B】 48. A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served Present adj.目前的，現(xiàn)在的；出席的 n.禮物 v.贈(zèng)送；出現(xiàn)；介紹 9.【2015.湖北】He would have to go home too, carrying the papers__33_money. 【A】 33. A. instead of B. in return for C. regardless of D. in exchange for Instead of 代替；而不是 10.【2015.湖北】He_35__as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers. 【B】 35. A. gave in B. broke down C. got away D. showed up Break down 出故障；失敗；關(guān)系破裂；分解；身體垮掉 11.【2015.浙江】As they left student life behind, many had a 23 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with longtime roommates, and 24 out of small apartments into high buildings. 【B】 24. A. cycled B. moved C. slid D. looked Move v. 行動(dòng); 搬家; 進(jìn)展; （機(jī)器等） 開動(dòng); 提議; 使感動(dòng);變化; 12.【2015.浙江】The thing is, a number of them have 26 that despite their success, they aren’t happy. 【C】 26. A. advertised B. witnessed C. admitted D. demanded Admit v.承認(rèn)；錄??；接納，容許 13.【2015.浙江】In a society that tends to 38 everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our 39 in financial terms. 【D】 39. A. disasters B. motivations C. campaigns D. decisions Campaign n. 運(yùn)動(dòng); 戰(zhàn)役; 競(jìng)選運(yùn)動(dòng); 季節(jié)性競(jìng)賽; v. 作戰(zhàn); 參加 14.【2015.重慶】 People are living longer because more people _8___ childhood. 【A】 8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value Survive v. 幸存；艱難度過(guò)；繼續(xù)存在；比……活的時(shí)間長(zhǎng) 15.【2014年江西卷】Dad had tightened your neck bolts (螺栓) too much ! I just 49 them slightly ! 【A】 49.A. adjusted B. collected C. produced D. covered Cover v.覆蓋；報(bào)道；足以支付，行走（一段路程） n.封面 16.【2014年江蘇卷】 It was a need that he first 36 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. 【D】 36. A. admitted B. filled C. supplied D. recognized Admit v.承認(rèn)；錄??；接納，容許 17.【2014年江蘇卷】During this period Dale was slowly 44 an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could 45 him from achieving his real potential. 【C】 44. A. gaining B. achieving C. developing D. obtaining Develop v. 發(fā)展; 形成; 生長(zhǎng); 開發(fā); 研制; 沖洗（膠片）; 18.【2014課標(biāo)卷2&大綱卷】He couldn’t walk, but he __54_____ to get out of the crevasse and started to move towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers away. 【A】 54. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped Manage v.管理；設(shè)法做成 19.【2014年北京卷】 Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a 52 , too. 【A】 52. A. prize B. rank C. rest D. place Rest n.休息 adj.剩余的 20.【2014年北京卷】Everyone started to 55 their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening. 【A】 55. A. clap B. wave C. raise D. shake Raise v. 升起 ；養(yǎng)育；籌集 21.【2014遼寧卷】When I arrived at the restaurant，1 apologized and told Eleanor I didnt mean to be late. She screamed, "You never mean to." Well, I 45 tell she was angry. 【A】 45. A. could B. must C. will D. might Will n.愿意；意志力 v. 決心要; 將（財(cái)產(chǎn)等）遺贈(zèng)某人; 用意志力驅(qū)使（某事發(fā)生）;想要 22.【2014年天津卷】This is like your teacher telling that you’ve done 17 and allowing you to skip a grade(跳級(jí)), but you’ll have to 18 your friends. 【C A】 My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the 33 has really taught me. 【B】 17. A. little B. much C. well D. wrong 18. A. leave B. refuse C. contact D. forgive 33. A. question B. experience C. history D. occasion Well n. 井； adj.健康的 adv. 好地 Leave v. 離開；落下； 剩下 Experience n. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)；經(jīng)歷 23.【2014年山東卷】There was a pet store and the owner had a parrot. One day a ___11___ walked in and the parrot said to the man, “Hey you!” The man said, “What!?” The parrot said, “Your wife is really ugly.” The old bird shook out its ____19___feathers and relaxed in its cage. A couple of weeks ___20___ and in walked this guy and his wife again. 【C D】 11. A. group B. team C. couple D. crowd 20. A. lasted B. arrived C. appeared D. passed Crowd v.擁擠 n. 人群 Last v.持續(xù)；上個(gè)… 24.【2014年山東卷】But charlotte had been practicing without a license. She had 34 a doctor’s license in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was 35 . The Manitoba college of Physicians and Surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to 36 her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to 37 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew. 【BA】 35. A. punished B. refused C. blamed D. fired 37. A. leave B. charge C. test D. cure Fire n. 火； v. 開除 Charge v. 找零；負(fù)責(zé)；充電 25.【2014年廣東卷】The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems.【A】 6. A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes Approach v.接近，靠近 n.方法，途徑 26.【2014年四川】As spring went and summer came, Mildred started to 23 more and more often. 【B】 23. A. give up B. come out C. turn over D. fly by come out 出版，出現(xiàn) 27.【2014年四川】When hunting season opened, we put a 27 at the end of our driveway asking hunters not to shoot our pet grouse.【B】 27. A. lantern B. sign C. gun D. loudspeaker Sign v.簽署，簽名 n.跡象，符號(hào)，記號(hào)，招牌 28.【2014年重慶卷】He had a real gift for handling chores (家務(wù)活)， 19 me from unpleasant repair jobs. 【B】 19. A. attracting B. sheltering C. driving D. prohibiting Shelter n.避難所 v.保護(hù)，躲避，避難 29.【2013北京卷】She often sees double and can’t 38 how far away things are. 【A】 38. A. tell B. guess C. assume D. predict Tell v.告訴；辨別；判定 30.【2013北京卷】 Lola doesn’t want to be 48 differently from the other girls on her team.【A】 48. A. greeted B. treated C. served D. paid Treat v. 對(duì)待；招待；治療 31.【2013北京卷】She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her 52 is to reach level 9. 【D】 52. A. standard B. range C. view D. goal View n.視野；風(fēng)景；觀點(diǎn) v.把……視為，觀看 32.【2013重慶卷】 42 by his newfound success. Joe moved quickly throughout the room. 【C】 Relieve v.意識(shí)到；實(shí)現(xiàn) 33.【2013遼寧卷】Looking at her little home, she _55 __ that she had been living in her golden house filled with love and care. 【C】 55. A. imagined B. decided C. realized D. guessed Realize v.意識(shí)到；實(shí)現(xiàn) 34.【2013年四川】 Even though I was used to regular insults(侮辱) because of the 11 on my head, it was 12 horrible to hear. 【A】 12. A. still B. just C. never D. seldom Still adv.仍然； conj. 但是； adj. 靜止的 35.【2013天津卷】On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last 18 from the grocery store. 【A】 16. A. order B. form C. gap D. position Order n. 訂單；命令 v. 命令；要求 36.【2013天津卷】Only then did I truly begin to 29 Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times. 【B】 17. A. face B. appreciate C. examine D. question Appreciate v.理解；感謝；欣賞 37.【2013天津卷】 Dad，the life 35 I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, friend and, most importantly, my hero. 【D】 18. A. history B. motto C. patterns D. lessons Lesson n. 教訓(xùn)；課 38.【2013新課標(biāo)】Its wheels were not 42 . Then I wondered where to put my 43 . It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 44 . I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 45 for several hours. For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary（臨時(shí)的） 46 . I tried to find a 47 position and thought it might be restful, 48 kind of nice, to be 49 around for a while. Looking around, I 50 I would have to handle the thing myself? 44. A. place B. action C. play D. effect 48. A. yet B. just C. still D. even Play v.玩； n.電視劇 Still adv.仍然； conj. 但是； adj. 靜止的 熟詞生義： （一）文章中的 1.【2017年全國(guó)卷3】Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May Then adv.那時(shí)，當(dāng)時(shí)；然后，后來(lái) adj.那時(shí)的 2.【2015.陜西】As usually I helped him carry his bags into his study. Study v.學(xué)習(xí) n.研究；書房 3.【2014年湖南卷】Mom clearly explained her reasons for this lesson. Lesson n.課程；經(jīng)驗(yàn)，教訓(xùn) 4.【2014年廣東卷】According to a recent research, the most common argument between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. Regarding prep. 關(guān)于，至于 5.【2014年福建卷】My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t afford lessons. Long adj.長(zhǎng)的 v.渴望 6.【2014年浙江卷】I was a new teacher, and I gave an honest account of the students’ work. Account n.賬戶；描述 7.【2014年江西卷】Dad was sleeping next to her, resting his head on his arms . Rest n. 休息; 剩余部分; 支持物; 寧?kù)o，安寧; v. （使） 休息; （使） 倚靠 8.【2014年江蘇卷】Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, in turn, were winning contests. Coach n.教練 v.輔導(dǎo)，指導(dǎo) 9.【2013新課標(biāo)卷2】It runs in the family. Michaels father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. Run v.跑；延續(xù)，持續(xù) 10.【2013江西卷】Diane slipped into the water and dived 48 until white caps began rolling in and it became harder to 49 against the current (水流). Current adj.當(dāng)前的 n.水流 11.【2013陜西卷】The tray, and its contents, fell on a man who was just about to take a bite of his sandwich. Content n. 內(nèi)容，容量，目錄 adj.滿足的，滿意的 v.使?jié)M足；含量 12.【2013陜西卷】We all lead busy lives and learning a language takes time. Lead v.引導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；過(guò)……的生活 （二）選項(xiàng)中的 1.【2017新課標(biāo)I】I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. 53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count Sign v.簽署，簽名;打手語(yǔ) n.跡象，符號(hào)，記號(hào)，招牌 2.【2017新課標(biāo)I】I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less. 【C】 58. A Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However Instead adv.代替；相反地，反而 3.【2017新課標(biāo)II】Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. 【D】 51. A. assessments B. comments C. instructions D. updates Update v.更新 n.最新消息 4.【2017天津卷】At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 16 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. 【C】 16.A.add B. mix C. kill D. share Kill v.殺死，扼殺；使停止；消磨時(shí)間 5.【2016年新課標(biāo)一】Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his customers. 【C】 41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing Travel v.旅行；行程；前行 6.【2016年新課標(biāo)一】One more look and he noticed flames shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. 【B】 46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned Disabled adj.殘疾的；喪失能力的；無(wú)效的，不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的 7.【2016年新課標(biāo)二】One morning, I had to 50 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. 【D】 50. A. arrange B. postpone C. confirm D. book Book n.書 v.預(yù)定 8.【2016年天津卷】She had a 26 intention within herself to be the best she could be. 【B】 26. A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind Firm adj.穩(wěn)固的，堅(jiān)定的 n.公司 9.【2016年天津卷】Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her 32 and enthusiasm. 【B】 32. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom Will n.愿意；意志力 v. 決心要; 將（財(cái)產(chǎn)等）遺贈(zèng)某人; 用意志力驅(qū)使（某事發(fā)生）;想要 10.【2016年浙江卷】I watched for the desert sunsets, and hunted for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean 35 【A】 35. A. floor B. surface C. rock D. level Floor n.地板；洋底 11.【2016年四川卷】But Lainey took one look at it, 43 her eyes, and said, “Borring!” 【C】 43.A opened B. dried C. rolled D. shaded Roll v.滾動(dòng); 輾; 使（眼球等）左右轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng); （使） 原地轉(zhuǎn)圈 n.名冊(cè) 12.【2016年四川卷】“Nice try , Aunt Dede,” Lainey replied 52 from the back seat. 【A】 52.A．sourly B. patiently C. eagerly D. shyly Sourly adv.酸酸地；尖酸地，壞心眼地；悶悶不樂(lè)地 13.【2015.湖北】“You don’t know the __36_of selling papers.” 【D】 36. A. difficulty B. process C. goal D. secret Secret n.秘密，機(jī)密; 訣竅 adj. 隱秘的; 神秘的; 秘密的，機(jī)密的; 14.【2015.浙江】As they left student life behind, many had a 23 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with longtime roommates, and 24 out of small apartments into high buildings. 【A】 23. A. last B. least C. second D. best Last n. 最后; 末尾; 上個(gè); v. 經(jīng)受住; 到…之后; 夠用; 足夠維持（尤指某段時(shí)間）; adj. 最后的; 最近的; 最不可能的; 惟一剩下的; 15.【2015.浙江】In a society that tends to 38 everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our 39 in financial terms. 【A】 38. A. measure B. suffer C. digest D. deliver Measure v.測(cè)量；衡量 16.【2015.浙江】But what about the personal and social costs 40 in pursuing money over meaning? 【B】 40. A. assessed B. involved C. covered D. reduced Cover v.覆蓋；報(bào)道；足以支付，行走（一段路程） n.封面 17.【2015課標(biāo)Ⅰ】In the store, I asked each of my kids to __45___ something they thought our “friend” there would ___46___. 【C】 46. A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover Appreciate v.欣賞；感激；理解；歡迎 18.【2015.天津】Days later, we made a(n) 23 —far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn’t 24 laugh at us. They renewed their offer 25 instead . 【B】 23. A. effort B. offer C. promise D. profit Offer v. 提供，給予; 提出，提議; 出價(jià)，開價(jià); 表示愿意; n. 提議; 出價(jià)，開價(jià); 試圖; 求婚 19.【2015.江蘇卷】It 46 that among other things, he was an eighty-year-old writer. 【D】 46. A. came out B. worked out C. proved out D. turned out Work out 想出，制定出；解決；計(jì)算出；理解，弄懂；鍛煉 20.【2015.四川】The next time, I had my camera ready to record what you see here, one of several dozen such pictures,_28___she had a slice to eat, she never _29___ the one on her head. 【C】 29. A. welcomed B. required C. bothered D. expected Bother v.打擾；麻煩；費(fèi)心，因……操心 n. 麻煩，操心; 累贅; 煩擾，吵鬧; 討厭的人 21.【2015.新課標(biāo)1】We were ___48__ on cash ourselves, but… well, sometimes __49giving __ from our need instead of our abundance is _50 just _ what we need to do! 【B】 48. A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose Low adj.低的；矮小的；沮喪的；不足的 22.【2015.重慶】 I tried being firm, but it didn‘t 17 . I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter. 【D】 17. A. remain B. match C. appear D. work Work n.工作；著作，作品 v. 奏效，起作用 23.【2015.陜西】 It 40 a happy and loving family. 【C】 40.A. affected B. broke C. meant D. supported Mean v.意味著；打算；產(chǎn)出……結(jié)果 adj. 吝嗇的; 刻薄的; 破舊的; 殘忍的 n. 平均數(shù); 中間 24.【2015.福建】Im not suggesting you 51 ignore problems, or that you pretend things are 52better than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are— 53 at least most of the time, an