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1、專題二 代詞 學前自測（發(fā)現(xiàn)考點） ( )1. The old man has two daughters, but ____ of them lives with him. A. none B. both C. neither D. all ( )2. —I prefer speaking to listening in English learning. —Oh, really! I think you should be good at ___ of them. A. some

2、 B. any C. both D. all ( )3. She promised that she could finish the work by ____. A. her B. herself C. she D. hers ( )4. I saw the dog along with a girl ___ was the only guide dog in our city. A. who B. which C. wh

3、om D. what ( )5. —Could you lend me your pen? I left ___ at home. —Certainly. A. mine B. yours C. one D. it ( )6. —Wow, the English exam is so easy. —I think so. But I don’t think ____ can pass it. A. someone B. anyone C. everyone

4、 D. no one ( )7. The people in Tokyo will have to get ___ ready before the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything ( )8. — Wow! There are so many new buildings. I can’t believe it! It used to be a poor village. — Yes. ____ has

5、 changed here. A. Something B. Nothing C. Everything D. Anything ( )9. ____ David ___ Jessica can go to the concert, because they have no tickets. A. Neither; nor B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Not only; but also ( )10. The boy said that he couldn't work o

6、ut the problem by _____. A. him B. his C. he D. himself ?？伎键c知識清單（研習考點） 考點一 人稱代詞 1. 人稱代詞的分類 人稱 主格 賓格 單數(shù) 復數(shù) 單數(shù) 復數(shù) 第一人稱 I we me us 第二人稱 you you you you 第三人稱 he they him them she her it it 2. 人稱代詞的用法 人稱代詞的主格在句中作主語,賓格作動詞或介詞的賓語。 We are middle

7、 school students. 我們是中學生。 I wrote a letter to him last week. 上周我給他寫了一封信。 注意:人稱代詞作表語時,在口語中常用賓格。 3. 人稱代詞的語序 幾個人稱代詞并列作主語時,其順序是:單數(shù):二、三、一;復數(shù):一、二、三。 You, she and I will study in a group. 你、她還有我將在一個組里學習。 We, you and they are all students. 我們、你們還有他們都是學生。 巧記:人稱代詞的排列順序 人稱代詞并列觀,注意順序禮貌見。 單數(shù)并列二、三、一,復數(shù)

8、并列一、二、三。 考點二 物主代詞 1. 物主代詞的分類 人稱 形容詞性物主代詞 名詞性物主代詞 單數(shù) 復數(shù) 單數(shù) 復數(shù) 第一人稱 my our mine ours 第二人稱 your your your your 第三人稱 his their his theirs her hers its its 巧記: 物主代詞分兩家,形、名詞性各一霸。 his, its 無變化, my, mine 牢記它。 其余變化規(guī)律化,形容詞性后面加尾巴(-s)。 2. 物主代詞的用法 (1) 形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前作定語。 That

9、 is our classroom. 那是我們的教室。 注意:在某些固定短語中,形容詞性物主代詞要隨人稱而變化。 如:do/ try one's best, change one's mind, do one's homework, on one's way to, save one's life 等。 (2) 名詞性物主代詞相當于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”,可作主語、表語或賓語。 This is your pen. Mine is in my pencil case. 這是你的鋼筆。 我的在我的鉛筆盒里。 (3) 用于雙重所有格中,即“a/ an+名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞”。 H

10、e is a friend of mine. 他是我的一個朋友。 巧記:物主代詞的用法 物主代詞兩類型,形容詞性、名詞性。 形容詞性作定語,后面定把名詞用。 名詞性,獨立用,主賓表語它都充。 考點三 反身代詞 1. 反身代詞的單復數(shù)形式 2. 反身代詞的用法 (1) 作賓語,位于及物動詞或介詞之后。 The boy teaches himself English. 這個男孩兒自學英語。 (2) 作主語或賓語的同位語,用以加強語氣,可以放在主語之后或句尾。 John himself did the work. =John did the work himself.

11、 約翰親自做了這項工作。 注意:反身代詞不可作定語,常用“one's own”表示“某人自己的”。 This is my own car. 這是我自己的小汽車。 3. 反身代詞常用于一些固定搭配中 teach oneself; learn…by oneself; enjoy oneself; devote oneself to; come to oneself; say to oneself; help oneself to; by oneself; for oneself; of oneself 考點四 指示代詞 單數(shù) 復數(shù) 指近處 this these 指遠

12、處 that those 1. 作主語、賓語、表語。 This is a chair. 這是一把椅子。 2. 在電話中,用 this (我) 表示打電話者,用于介紹自己,用 that (你) 詢問對方。 Hello! This is Bob (speaking). Who's that? 您好! 我是鮑勃。 你是哪位? 3. that 和 those 可以用在比較結(jié)構(gòu)中,以避免重復。 that 代替前面提到的單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)詞;those 代替前面提到的復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 The population of China is larger than that of Russia.

13、中國的人口比俄羅斯人口多。 考點五 疑問代詞 1. 常見的疑問代詞及其基本用法 疑問代詞 基本用法 例句 who 作主語、表語或賓語(作賓語時,不能位于介詞后面) Who are you waiting for? 你正在等誰? whom who 的賓格形式,作賓語 With whom did you go? 你和誰一起去的? whose who 的所有格形式,作主語、表語、賓語或定語 Whose book is it? 它是誰的書? what 作主語、表語、賓語或定語 What is he doing? 他正在做什么? which 作主語、表語、

14、賓語或定語 Which one is bigger? 哪一個更大? 2. what 與 which 的區(qū)別 what 用于選擇范圍較大或不明確的場合,which 用于選擇范圍較小或較明確的場合。 Which is better, this one or that one? 哪一個更好,這個還是那個? 3. who 與 what 在口語中的用法區(qū)別 Who is he? 意思是“他是誰?”詢問的是某個人的身份或姓名等。 What is he? 意思是“他是干什么的?”,詢問的是某人的職業(yè)。 —Who is he? 他是誰? —He is Jenny's brother. 他是

15、珍妮的哥哥。 —What is he? 他是做什么的? —He is a doctor. 他是個醫(yī)生。 考點六 不定代詞 不指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞,在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、同位語等。 不定代詞分為普通不定代詞和復合不定代詞。 1. 普通不定代詞 主要有: some, any, both, all, another, other, each, either, neither, none, one, a few, few, a little, little, many, much 等。 2. 幾種常見的普通不定代詞的用法辨析 (1) one 與 it 相

16、同點 單詞 用法 例句 為了避免同一名詞重復使用,常用 one 或 it 來代 替前面提到的某個單數(shù)名詞 one one 所代替的是前面提到的同類事物,但不是同一個 I can't find my pen. I think I must buy a new one. 我找不到我的鋼筆了。我想我必須買一支新的。 it it 所代替的是前面提到的那個特指的事物 I bought a new pen yesterday, and I gave it to my sister. 我昨天買了一支新鋼筆,我把它給我妹妹了。 (2) some 與 any 相同點 單詞 用法

17、 例句 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 some 陳述句 There are some boys playing football. 有一些男孩們正在踢足球。 疑問句 Would you like some water? 你想喝些水嗎? any 否定句、疑問句或條件狀語從句 There isn't any meat in the fridge. 冰箱里沒有肉了。 (3) both, all, neither, none, either 與 any 之一 都 都不 適用范圍 兩者 either both neither 三者或以上 any a

18、ll none 固定短語 both … and …(連接兩個主語,謂語動詞用復數(shù)) either … or …(連接兩個主語,謂語動詞遵循就近原則) neither … nor …(連接兩個主語,謂語動詞遵循就近原則) (4) little, a little, few 與 a few 很少;幾乎沒有(表否定) 幾個;一點兒(表肯定) 修飾可數(shù)名詞 few a few 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 little a little 例句 Don't worry! There is a little time left. 別著急! 還有一點兒時間。 He has a few

19、 friends here, but he has few good friends. 在這里他有幾個朋友,但是幾乎沒有好朋友。 (5) other(s), the other(s), another 概念成 份數(shù) 泛指剩下中的一部分(不用 the) 特指剩下中的全體(要用 the) 作主語/ 賓語 作定語(其后加名詞) 作主語/ 賓語 作定語(其后加名詞) 單數(shù) another another book the other the other book 復數(shù) others other books the others the othe

20、r books 3. 復合不定代詞 -one -thing -body some- someone something somebody any- anyone anything anybody every- everyone everything everybody no- no one nothing nobody (1) 一般情況下,由 some 構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞用在肯定句中;由 any 構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞用在疑問句和否定句中;由 no 構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞表示否定意義。 I have something to tell you

21、. 我有事要告訴你。 I can't see anything. 我什么也看不見。 There's nothing I can do. 我什么也做不了。 (2) 形容詞或 else 修飾不定代詞時,通常位于不定代詞之后。 Do you want anything else? 你還想要其他的東西嗎? 考點七 代詞 it 的用法 1. it 用來指除人以外的一切生物和事物,可指時間、距離、天氣、溫度、度量等。 —What's the weather like today? 今天天氣怎樣? —It's sunny. 很晴朗。 2. it 可用來代替指示代詞 this 和 th

22、at。 —What's this/ that? 這/ 那是什么? —It's an apple. 是蘋果。 3. it 指嬰兒或不明身份的人。 Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩還是女孩? 4. it 代替動詞不定式作形式主語。 It's important for us to work hard. 努力工作對我們來說很重要。 5. it 代替動詞不定式作形式賓語。 I found it easy to work out the Math problem. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)算出這道數(shù)學題很容易。 鞏固訓練（夯實基礎） 一、單項選擇 ( )1. — __

23、___ notebook is this? —I think it's . A. Whose; he B. Who; his C. Whose; his D. Who; him ( )2. —Morning, class. Is ____ here? —No, sir. Tom is absent. A. anybody B. everybody C. nobody D. somebody ( )3. —Can you kick the ball to ___ end of the foot

24、ball field? —It’s hard for me. I think ___ goalkeepers can make it. A. another; a little B. another; little C. the other; a few D. the other; few ( )4. —Would you like tea or coffee? — _____. I really don't care. A. None B. Either C. Neither

25、 D. All ( )5. —Mary tried on three dresses, but ____ of them fitted her. —Don't worry. There are plenty of dresses there. A. both B. none C. all D. neither ( )6. —Who teaches ____ Japanese? —Nobody. I teach ____. A. your; mine

26、 B. your; my C. you; myself D. you; me ( )7. — ___ Tom ____ Jack has gone to the party because they have no time. —What a pity! A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. None; or ( )8. —Who is Mr Li? —He is ____ tea

27、cher and he teaches ____ English. A. our; our B. us; us C. our; us D. us; our ( )9. As for learning English, students who read a lot can do much better than _____ who don't. A. those B. that C. these D. them ( )10. —Hello, may I speak to Jane, pl

28、ease? —Speaking. Who's _____ ? A. this B. that C. he D. you 二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空 1. Little Tom fell off his bike, but he didn’t hurt ______ (he). 2. This ticket is for you. It’s ______ (you) now. 3. What a cute dog! What’s ___ (it) name? 4. ______ (who) bike is thi

29、s? 5. I think _____ (they) classroom is bigger and brighter than ours. 6. This is an ice box, and ___ (those) is a glass of water. 7. When we grow up, we have to learn to take care of ________ (our). 8. Who help ___ (she) clean the room? 9. This magazine is not _____ (my). It's his. 10. ______ (this) apples are five yuan a kilo. 答案： 學前自測 1-5 CCBBA 6-10 CDCAD 鞏固訓練 一、 1-5 CBDBB 6-10 CCCAB 二、 1. himself 2. yours 3. its 4. whose 5. their 6. that 7. ourselves 8. her 9. mine 10. These 10