喜歡就充值下載吧。。資源目錄里展示的文件全都有，，請放心下載，，有疑問咨詢QQ:414951605或者1304139763 ======================== 喜歡就充值下載吧。。資源目錄里展示的文件全都有，，請放心下載，，有疑問咨詢QQ:414951605或者1304139763 ======================== 便攜式動物手術(shù)床的設(shè)計 李燕，孟煒 摘 要：現(xiàn)在對于便攜式手術(shù)床的應(yīng)用主要局限于人體手術(shù)中以及家養(yǎng)寵物的小型動物手術(shù)中，并沒有大規(guī)模應(yīng)用于家養(yǎng)經(jīng)濟型動物的手術(shù)中（如豬、羊、牛等）?，F(xiàn)在國外對于便攜式手術(shù)床的研究主要是多功能化，其重量都在100kg以上，對于搬運攜帶并不是很方便。此便攜式動物手術(shù)床主要從可折疊的角度進(jìn)行較輕化的設(shè)計，從而更便捷于搬運攜帶工作。 關(guān)鍵詞：便攜式，手術(shù)床，推拉式機構(gòu)，折疊式機構(gòu) 0 引言 手術(shù)床作為手術(shù)的基本設(shè)備，在手術(shù)中承擔(dān)著非常重要的角色，是高質(zhì)量、高水平手術(shù)不可缺少的重要設(shè)備，這種說法不僅適用于人類，對于動物也同樣適用。便攜式動物手術(shù)床是現(xiàn)代養(yǎng)殖業(yè)發(fā)展的必然產(chǎn)物。便攜式動物手術(shù)床的設(shè)計意義主要有：（1）這是一種人性化的集中體現(xiàn)，使得動物在承受病痛折磨的同時也會同樣體會到來自人類的關(guān)愛；（2）這是現(xiàn)代養(yǎng)殖業(yè)追求高回報的必經(jīng)途徑。在養(yǎng)殖業(yè)中有效地降低動物死亡率，尤其是高投資成本動物的死亡率，一直是養(yǎng)殖戶所重視的問題。手術(shù)途徑是養(yǎng)殖戶在動物經(jīng)受重大疾病時的重點選擇途徑之一，所以便攜式的動物手術(shù)床將會成為實現(xiàn)此途徑的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備。 1 設(shè)計方案 1.1手術(shù)床尺寸參數(shù)的確定 圖1-1 手術(shù)床的三維外形圖 根據(jù)羊體尺寸及人機工程學(xué)確定羊體手術(shù)床的基本尺寸為床長L=1300mm左右；床寬B=650mm左右；床高H=850mm左右。此折疊式動物手術(shù)床的具體尺寸為床長L=1260mm；床寬B=635mm；床高H=887mm。展開放置時的三維外形如圖1-1（上）所示。手術(shù)床折疊后的尺寸控制在長l=750mm；寬b=450mm；高h(yuǎn)=400mm。手術(shù)床折疊放置時的外形如圖1-1（下）所示。 1.2手術(shù)臺調(diào)節(jié)范圍 手術(shù)床可傾斜，其傾斜角度由一只可升高的和一只可降低的床腿調(diào)節(jié)?？缮叩拇餐扰c手扶管件采用緊配合，隨管轉(zhuǎn)動，與地面的接觸采用線接觸的方式，在床面傾斜時，線接觸是隨腿轉(zhuǎn)動的；可降低的床腿與手扶管件的配合采用松的間隙配合，使床面繞腿轉(zhuǎn)動，此可降低的床腿始終是與地面垂直的。當(dāng)床面傾斜到規(guī)定位置時，用鎖緊螺栓鎖緊為中間管件起支撐作用的可相對滑動的兩管的相對位置，從而鎖緊床面與床腿的相對位置。床腿的升降調(diào)節(jié)采用螺紋調(diào)節(jié)。床腿的可調(diào)節(jié)高度為360mm。則床面的傾斜角度為： 1.3手術(shù)臺承載能力及整體重量 根據(jù)成年羊平均體重，給手術(shù)床設(shè)定的承載能力為1200N。平均到四根桿上，每根桿的承載能力為300N。用solid works軟件測得大直徑手扶管件的質(zhì)量為1285.9g；小直徑手扶管件的質(zhì)量為581.23g；調(diào)節(jié)床腿零件的質(zhì)量為254.91g,床體整體質(zhì)量為9385.87g。 2 關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計 2.1推拉式結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計 采用小直徑手扶管件與大直徑手扶管件交替的方式進(jìn)行裝配，其之間用定位球體固定。這樣即便于折疊也利于力的合理分配。其三維外形圖如圖2-1所示。 圖2-1 推拉式結(jié)構(gòu)的三維設(shè)計圖 2.2折疊機構(gòu)的設(shè)計 折疊機構(gòu)的主要設(shè)想是一個零件可繞另一個零件轉(zhuǎn)動90°，此折疊機構(gòu)零件2可繞零件1轉(zhuǎn)動180°。用M10螺栓進(jìn)行連接，B型平鍵進(jìn)行定位。折疊零件1采用鑄造方式，然后在銑床上用盤銑刀銑出鍵槽，三維外形如圖2-2（左）所示。折疊零件1與鍵的配合采用緊配合。折疊零件2采用鑄造方式，然后在銑床上用盤銑刀銑出鍵槽，三維外形如圖2-2（右）所示。折疊零件2與鍵的配合采用松配合。 圖2-2 折疊零件的三維外形圖 3 危險零件的有限元分析 3.1大直徑手扶管件 在solid works中演示出大直徑手扶管件的變形如圖3-1所示。支撐在兩端較小的面上，由于一端撲捉不到外支撐面，故用里側(cè)內(nèi)一小支撐面代替，受力方向與水平面夾角為45°，受力為300N，測得最低安全系數(shù)為1.5346?？紤]到是在變應(yīng)力下，以疲勞極限作為極限應(yīng)力，受力部分存在焊接，支撐面比實際支撐面小，故綜合分析，1.5346處于合理安全系數(shù)1.3-1.7之間。 圖3-1 大直徑手扶管件的受力變形圖 3.2小直徑手扶管件 在solid works中演示出小直徑手扶管件的變形如圖3-2所示。支撐在兩端較小的面上，受力方向與水平面夾角為45°，受力為300N，測得最低安全系數(shù)為1.41913?？紤]到是在變應(yīng)力下，以疲勞極限作為極限應(yīng)力，受力部分存在焊接，支撐面比實際支撐面大，故綜合分析，1.41913處于合理安全系數(shù)1.3-1.7之間。 圖3-2 小直徑手扶管件的受力變形圖 3.3床腿方管 在solid works中演示出床腿方管車槽處的變形如圖3-3所示。支撐在底面靠近槽孔處，受力方向與水平面夾角為45°，受力為600N，測得最低安全系數(shù)為2.31712?？紤]到是在變應(yīng)力下，以疲勞極限作為極限應(yīng)力，受力部分存在焊接，支撐面比實際支撐面小，故綜合分析，2.31712雖不處于合理安全系數(shù)1.3-1.7之間，但接近于安全系數(shù)的范圍之內(nèi)。 圖3-3 床腿方管車槽處的受力變形圖 4 結(jié)論 經(jīng)有限元分析，危險零件都處于安全系數(shù)范圍之內(nèi)。整體分析，此便攜式動物手術(shù)床可以實現(xiàn)動物手術(shù)的基本功能。在其斜面傾斜時也比較容易控制。整體穩(wěn)定性方面也是比較穩(wěn)定的。 參考文獻(xiàn) [1] 吳宗澤,羅盛國.機械設(shè)計課程設(shè)計手冊.3版.北京:高等教育出版社. 2006.5. [2] 濮良貴,紀(jì)名剛.機械設(shè)計.8版.北京:高等教育出版社. 2006.5. [3] 毛謙德,李振清.袖珍機械設(shè)計手冊.2版.北京:機械工業(yè)出版社 2002. [4] 楊克,趙小東.工程材料及機械制造基礎(chǔ)(Ⅰ).北京:高等教育出版社. 2005. [5] 韓進(jìn)宏.互換性與技術(shù)測量.北京:機械工業(yè)出版社. 2004.7. [6] 胡名璽,高萬玉,張彥軍,杜振杰. 輕便型野戰(zhàn)手術(shù)床結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計研究. 機械設(shè)計與制造. 2009.09. [7] 杜振杰,胡名璽,孫秋明.便攜式手術(shù)床床體輕量化設(shè)計與試驗研究.機械設(shè)計.2007.24(8). [8] 劉永翔.產(chǎn)品設(shè)計中形態(tài)創(chuàng)造途徑與方法.工程圖學(xué)學(xué)報.2004.3. [9] 孫曉軍,王太勇.便攜式手術(shù)臺關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究.天津大學(xué)機械工程學(xué)院.2008. Portable animal operation bed design Li Yan, Meng Wei Abstract: Now for portable operation bed applications mainly confined to the human operation and domestic pet small animal operation, and no large scale used in domestic economic animal in the operation ( such as pigs, sheep, cattle). Now abroad for portable operation bed research mainly is muti function change, its weight is in 100kg above, and is not very convenient for carrying. This portable animal operation bed mainly from the folding angle of a light design, which is more convenient in carrying the work. Key words: A portable, operation bed, push-pull mechanism, folding mechanism 便攜式動物手術(shù)床的設(shè)計 ——開題報告 1. 本課題來源及研究的目的和意義 1.1. 課題來源 現(xiàn)在對于便攜式手術(shù)床的應(yīng)用主要局限于人體手術(shù)床的應(yīng)用以及家養(yǎng)寵物的小型動物手術(shù)中，并沒有大規(guī)模應(yīng)用于家養(yǎng)經(jīng)濟型動物的手術(shù)中（如豬、羊、牛等）。追究其緣由主要是： （1）動物手術(shù)床結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、體大質(zhì)重、裝卸不便、不利于攜帶，所以動物手術(shù)床僅限于動物醫(yī)院使用，而且經(jīng)濟型動物由于體積較大不易運輸以及手術(shù)費用的昂貴，使許多動物養(yǎng)殖戶很少選擇動物手術(shù)，從而導(dǎo)致動物手術(shù)床的應(yīng)用范圍較小，發(fā)展較為緩慢。 （2）家養(yǎng)經(jīng)濟型動物相對于寵物，體積較大，使得相對應(yīng)的手術(shù)床體積龐大。而且家養(yǎng)動物的數(shù)量一般遠(yuǎn)大于家養(yǎng)寵物的數(shù)量，使得對家養(yǎng)動物的手術(shù)重視性遠(yuǎn)比不上寵物。人為心理上的差距造成現(xiàn)在家養(yǎng)經(jīng)濟型動物手術(shù)床的發(fā)展遠(yuǎn)比不上寵物的。本文主要以“羊”的體積、質(zhì)量為例設(shè)計一種便于攜帶、便于手術(shù)、可折疊的動物手術(shù)床。 1.2. 研究目的 便攜式動物手術(shù)床的設(shè)計研究主要為家養(yǎng)經(jīng)濟型動物提供手術(shù)方便，為動物養(yǎng)殖戶提供更為便利的救治服務(wù)。與傳統(tǒng)動物手術(shù)床相比，研究設(shè)計便攜式動物手術(shù)床的目的主要是： （1）便于手術(shù)人員進(jìn)行家養(yǎng)動物的治療手術(shù)； （2）提高家養(yǎng)經(jīng)濟型動物的手術(shù)成功率。有些家養(yǎng)經(jīng)濟型動物在進(jìn)行手術(shù)時，只是在地上進(jìn)行，并沒有舒適、無菌、專業(yè)的手術(shù)床，造成動物手術(shù)后容易感染，或在動物手術(shù)時受到動物的抵抗造成手術(shù)事故，使手術(shù)成功率降低。 （3）方便快捷的在不同場地進(jìn)行手術(shù)。便攜式手術(shù)床可以使手術(shù)人員在動物養(yǎng)殖廠的隔離間進(jìn)行手術(shù)，方便快捷的手術(shù)床更便捷于生病動物的搬運。 （4）降低手術(shù)成本，縮短手術(shù)準(zhǔn)備時間。減少其他病菌的交叉感染。 1.3. 研究意義 手術(shù)床作為手術(shù)的基本設(shè)備，在手術(shù)中承擔(dān)著非常重要的角色，是高質(zhì)量、高水平手術(shù)不可缺少的重要設(shè)備，這種說法不僅適用于人類，對于動物也同樣適用。便攜式動物手術(shù)床是現(xiàn)代養(yǎng)殖業(yè)發(fā)展的必然產(chǎn)物。便攜式動物手術(shù)床的設(shè)計意義主要有： （1）這是一種人性化的集中體現(xiàn)，使得動物在承受病痛折磨的同時也會同樣體會到來自人類的關(guān)愛； （2）這是現(xiàn)代養(yǎng)殖業(yè)追求高回報的必經(jīng)途徑。在養(yǎng)殖業(yè)中有效地降低動物死亡率，尤其是高投資成本動物的死亡率，一直是養(yǎng)殖戶所重視的問題。手術(shù)途徑是養(yǎng)殖戶在動物經(jīng)受重大疾病時的重點選擇途徑之一，所以便攜式的動物手術(shù)床將會成為實現(xiàn)此途徑的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備。 2. 本課題所涉及的問題在國內(nèi)（外）研究現(xiàn)狀及分析 2.1. 國外便攜式手術(shù)床的研究現(xiàn)狀及分析 2.1.1. 美國 在美國便攜式手術(shù)床的高度調(diào)節(jié)采用液壓系統(tǒng)，其范圍為690-1000mm。有可機械調(diào)節(jié)的臺面左右傾、臺面前后傾；有可控氣彈簧控制的背板上下折、腿板上下折；有可拆卸彈簧卡齒控制的頭板上下折；有可拆卸卡齒嚙合的腿板外轉(zhuǎn)。其額定承載能力為150kg，手術(shù)臺面尺寸為2000×520mm，手術(shù)臺重量為130kg。 2.1.2. 法國 在法國便攜式手術(shù)床的高度調(diào)節(jié)采用液壓系統(tǒng)，其范圍為700-980mm。無臺面左右傾；有可控氣彈簧控制的臺面前后傾、背板上下折、腿板上下折；有可拆卸可控氣彈簧控制的頭板上下折；有可拆卸卡齒嚙合的腿板外轉(zhuǎn)。 2.1.3. 德國 在德國便攜式手術(shù)床的高度調(diào)節(jié)采用液壓系統(tǒng)，其范圍為740-1020mm。有絲杠調(diào)節(jié)的臺面左右傾；有可控氣彈簧控制的臺面前后傾、背板上下折；有可拆卸可控氣彈簧控制的頭板上下折；有彈簧卡齒控制的腿板上下折；有可拆卸卡齒嚙合的腿板外轉(zhuǎn)。其額定承載能力為150kg，手術(shù)臺面尺寸為2100×500mm，手術(shù)臺重量為110kg。 2.1.4.瑞典 在瑞典便攜式手術(shù)床的高度調(diào)節(jié)采用液壓系統(tǒng)，其范圍750-1100mm。無臺面左右傾；有可控氣彈簧控制的臺面前后傾、背板上下折；有可拆卸可控氣彈簧控制的頭板上下折；有彈簧卡齒控制的腿板上下折；有可拆卸卡齒嚙合的腿板外轉(zhuǎn)。其額定承載能力為135kg，手術(shù)臺面尺寸為2050×480mm，手術(shù)臺重量為160kg。 2.2. 國內(nèi)便攜式手術(shù)床的研究現(xiàn)狀及分析 近年來，我國軍隊對便攜式手術(shù)臺開展了大量的研究工作，研發(fā)成功了2001式手術(shù)臺。在部隊衛(wèi)勤保障中發(fā)揮了重要作用。 3. 對課題所涉及的任務(wù)要求及實現(xiàn)預(yù)期目標(biāo)的可行性分析 3.1. 任務(wù)要求 （1）能夠沿兩個方向（縱向和橫向）進(jìn)行折疊； （2）體積和重量盡量小，便于攜帶； （3）展開放置時結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定； （4）要求完成CAD圖紙和三維圖。 3.2. 實現(xiàn)預(yù)期目標(biāo)的可行性分析 依據(jù)便攜式人體手術(shù)床的研究成果，確定動物手術(shù)床的尺寸及設(shè)計方案，使其在便于攜帶的同時更有利于手術(shù)的順利進(jìn)行。 4. 本課題需要重點研究的、關(guān)鍵的問題及解決的思路 4.1. 研究內(nèi)容及關(guān)鍵問題 （1）動物手術(shù)床的特點。 （2）動物手術(shù)床與人體手術(shù)床的區(qū)別。 （3）如何實現(xiàn)便攜式設(shè)計——即可折疊。 （4）怎樣設(shè)計更有利于手術(shù)的進(jìn)行。 （5）實用型設(shè)計（包括手術(shù)床強度，折疊后體積小、重量輕，放置時穩(wěn)定，環(huán)境適應(yīng)等）。 （6）美觀化設(shè)計。 4.2. 解決思路 （1）便于清洗，易消毒，對于體重動物便于放置于手術(shù)臺上。 （2）采用人體手術(shù)床的折疊結(jié)構(gòu)。 （4）設(shè)計合理的手術(shù)工具的安置點以及手術(shù)人員方便的手術(shù)床高度等。 （5）在原有手術(shù)床結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)上，在結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)的同時進(jìn)行尺寸優(yōu)化，即運用有限元分析軟件ANSYS對手術(shù)床進(jìn)行力學(xué)分析，在分析結(jié)果基礎(chǔ)上，建立分布優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型。 （6）應(yīng)用藝術(shù)的方法進(jìn)行手術(shù)床的外觀設(shè)計。產(chǎn)品形態(tài)不是一個孤立的外觀形式，而是通過材料、結(jié)構(gòu)、人-機關(guān)系以及生產(chǎn)工藝等因素展示出的產(chǎn)品外在表現(xiàn)。通過產(chǎn)品形態(tài)，使消費者了解到產(chǎn)品的使用功能、操作方式、文化內(nèi)涵等一系列的具體內(nèi)容。 5. 完成本課題所必須的工作條件及解決的辦法 （1）查最新的相關(guān)資料——圖書館浩大的數(shù)據(jù)庫可提供。 （2）自己能力范圍之外的問題——可咨詢指導(dǎo)老師及同學(xué)們。 6. 完成本課題的工作方案及進(jìn)度計劃 6.1. 工作方案 便攜式動物手術(shù)床主要由可折疊的床面板、高度調(diào)節(jié)的螺旋機構(gòu)、可折疊的床腿支承機構(gòu)以及控制臺面旋轉(zhuǎn)的旋轉(zhuǎn)機構(gòu)等組成。為減輕重量，設(shè)計結(jié)構(gòu)合理厚度的鋁合金型材作為床面板；通過旋轉(zhuǎn)機構(gòu)控制手術(shù)床床面的升降 ，通過可折疊的床腿實現(xiàn)床體高度方向的折疊，使用合頁連接實現(xiàn)床面橫向和縱向的折疊。 6.2. 進(jìn)度計劃 第1周-第2周，確定總體設(shè)計方案，畫出手術(shù)床機構(gòu)簡圖； 第3周-第8周，畫手術(shù)床詳細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu)圖，畫出手術(shù)床總體構(gòu)架的裝配圖和零件圖； 第9周-第10周，利用Solidworks軟件繪制三維圖，完成三維裝配圖； 第11周-第14周，撰寫設(shè)計說明書，整理材料，準(zhǔn)備答辯。 7.主要參考文獻(xiàn) 【1】李笑雷.關(guān)于手術(shù)床床體強度的探討.中國傷殘醫(yī)學(xué).2011.19（5）。 【2】孫曉軍,王太勇.便攜式手術(shù)臺關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究.天津大學(xué)機械工程學(xué)院.2008. 【3】高外玉,杜振杰等.S-2001野戰(zhàn)手術(shù)床的研制.醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生裝備.2004.4:15-16. 【4】孫國正,過玉卿.優(yōu)化設(shè)計及應(yīng)用.北京:人民交通出版社,2000。 【5】劉惟信,孟嗣宗.機械最優(yōu)化設(shè)計.北京:清華大學(xué)出版社,1994. 【6】杜振杰,胡名璽,孫秋明.便攜式手術(shù)床床體輕量化設(shè)計與試驗研究.機械設(shè)計.2007.24(8). 【7】劉永翔.產(chǎn)品設(shè)計中形態(tài)創(chuàng)造途徑與方法.工程圖學(xué)學(xué)報.2004.3. 【8】胡名璽,高萬玉,張彥軍,杜振杰. 輕便型野戰(zhàn)手術(shù)床結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計研究. 機械設(shè)計與制造。2009.09. The worlds Latest Mechanical Design Conceptssource：China Science and Technology JournalAbstract:According to scholars at home and abroad to carry out mechanicaldesign product design features of the main ideas, product design method of theprogramsummarizedassystematic,modularstructure,basedonproductcharacteristics of knowledge and wisdom. The characteristics of these methods andtheir organic connection between them and put forward to achieve the computerproduct design direction.Key words: Mechanical Product Design MethodDevelopment Trends Design documents will be Semantic Web as a design tool inthe design of its Semantic Web activity of the development of ASK, using nodes andlines to describe the design a network, nodes that components of the cell (such asdesign tasks, functions, components or processing equipment, etc. ), used to adjust thelines and definitions between nodes of different semantic relations, thus the designprocess all the activities and results of pre-built models so that the definition of theearly design requirements to the specific description of each structure can be definedby the relationship between the expression, achieved a computer-aided design process,the leap from the abstract to the concrete.Asystematic design methodThe main features of a systematic design method are: the design as designed by anumber of elements of a system, the independence of each design elements, eachelement of an organic link between the existence of, and is layered, with all the designelements , you can design systems to achieve the required task.Systematic design idea in the 70s by the German scholar Professor Pahl andBeitz, the system based on the theory they developed a general pattern of the design,advocacy design work should have organized. German Engineers Association, on thebasis of this design concept to develop a standard VDI2221 technology systems andproduct development design methods.1.The user needs functional characteristics as a product concept, structuredesign and part design, process planning, job control, etc. based on the macro fromthe product development process of starting the use of quality function deploymentmethod and system to user demand information reasonably and efficiently convertedto the various stages of product development, technical goals and operational controlprocedures method.2.The level of the product life of the organism as a system, and means ofliving systems theory, the product design process can be divided into successfulhierarchy of needs to achieve the functional requirements of the conceptual level andproduct level of the specific design. At the same time life-support systems used toexpress the abstract icons of the product functional requirements, system structureformation of product features.3.The mechanical design of the application of systems science into two basicquestions: First, to be designed as a system dealing with the products, the best way todetermine its component parts (modules) and their mutual relations1; is the productdesign process as a system, according to design objectives, a correct and reasonablydetermine the various aspects of the design work and various design stage.Because each designers point of research questions and to consider the questionof emphasis, to design a specific research methods used is also different. Here aresome representative of the systematic design methods.4.Design Element MethodWith the five design elements (functions, effects, effects vector, shape, elements,and surface parameters) describe the product solutions that a product to determinethe value of the five design elements, the product of all the features and characteristicsof the value of i.e. determined. Scholars in China have adopted similar methodsdesigned to describe the products original understanding.5.Graphic modeling methodAnd developed a design analysis and guidance systems KALEIT, with thelevel of clear graphic description of a products functional structure and its associatedabstract information, to the system structure and function relationship of graphicalmodeling, and functional connection between the layers 2.Assistance will be designed to be divided into two aspects of methodology andexchange of information using the Nijssen Information Analysis Method can be usedgraphic symbols, with a rich semantic model structure, can be described as integrationconditions, can be divided into types of constraints can be achieved in relationsbetween any combination of characteristics , the design method to solve integrationand information technology to realize the design process of information betweendifferent abstraction layers between the graphical modeling.6.Concept - Design methodProducts design is divided into concept and design in two stages. Conceptphase of the task is to find, choose and mix to meet the requirements of the originalunderstanding of design tasks. Design stage of work is a concrete realization of theoriginal understanding of the conceptual stage.Of the programs idea of specific described as: In accordance with theappropriate functional structure, seeking to meet the design requirements of theoriginal understanding of the task. The functional structure of the sub-function isperformed by the structural elements to achieve, and structural elements of thephysical connection between the definition of a feature vector, feature vector andstructural elements further the interaction between the formation of the functionaldiagram ( mechanical diagram). The program design is based on functional diagram,the first qualitative description of all of the feature vector and structural elements,and then quantitatively describe all the structural elements and the connection parts( feature vectors), the shape and location to be structure diagram3. Roper, H. usinggraph theory, by means of which he defines as the total design unit (GE), structuralelements (KE), functional structural elements (FKE), connect structural elements(VKE), Structural Parts (KT), structure element part (KET) concepts, as well asdescribe the structure element size, location, and transmission parameters of theinteractions between a number of kinds of schematics, the intuitive designprofessionals have done a formal design method a description of the formation of aneffective application of existing knowledge, methods, and applied to ideas anddesign stage.7.Bond Graph MethodFunction of the composition of system components will be divided into produceenergy, consumed energy, changing energy forms, such as various types of energytransfer, and to use bond graphs to express the function component solution, hoping tofunction-based model and bond graph combine to achieve functional structure theautomatic generation and functional structure with the bond graph automaticconversion between the search for bond graph generated by a number of designmethods.To promote the product on the basis of functional analysis, the product has somefeatures broken down into one or several modular basic structure, by selection andcombination of the basic structure of these modular form into different products.These basic structures can be parts, components, or even a system.The structure should have a standardized interface (connection and co-operationdepartment),andisserialized,universal,integrated,hierarchical,agile,economic-oriented, with interchangeability, compatibility and relevance. Chinascombination of software component technology and CAD technology, variant designcombined with the modular design, according to modular principle of classification,will be divided into descending Machining Center Machine Tool product level,component level, component level and component level, and use expert knowledgeand CAD technology to combine them into different species, different specificationsof functional blocks, and then by the combination of these functions into differentmodules of the overall program processing center.To design a directory as an alternative variation of the mechanical structure ofthe tool, the solution proposed by the design elements of a complete, structured layout,the formation of the solution set design catalogs. And in the solution set designed tocomment on each one listed in the directory solution additional information, is verybeneficial to design engineers select solution elements.The vigorous development of network technology, collaborative design andmanufacturing, as well as the product from the users functional requirements design processing assembly finished product of this realization of concurrentengineering possible. However, an important prerequisite to achieve these goals oneof the conditions is to realize the effect of product design three-dimensionalvisualization. To this end, three-dimensional graphics software, more and moreintelligent design software programs used in the product design, virtual realitytechnology and multimedia, hypermedia tools for product design is also its first debut.At present, Germany and other developed countries are focused on researchhypermedia technology, product data exchange standard STEP, as well as standardvirtual reality modeling language based on a standard exchange format for virtualenvironments) in the product design applications.Mechanical product design is moving in computer-aided realization of intelligentdesign and to meet the needs of distributed collaborative design and manufacture ofdirection, due to the computer product design Study on the implementation startedlate, not yet mature, to achieve the above objectives program design tools4. Authorbelieves that the integrated use of paper, four types of design method is an effectiveway to achieve this goal. Although the integrated use of these methods are moreinvolved in the field, not only with the mechanical design of the field-relatedknowledge, but also to the systems engineering theory, artificial intelligence theory,computer hardware and software engineering, network technology areas such asdomain knowledge, it is still product design must be working for. Abroad in researchin this area has achieved initial success, our scholars have been aware of CAD designtechnology and the importance of international exchange and cooperation, and itsmeasures to be taken.Feature-based design methodology of knowledge The main features are: using acomputer can identify the language to describe the characteristics of the product andits design experts in the field of knowledge and experience to establish the appropriateknowledge base and inference engine, re-use of stored domain knowledge and theestablishment of the inference mechanism to bring computer-aided product design.The mechanical system design is mainly based on the characteristics of a product,and design experts in the field of knowledge and experience to push volume anddecision-making, the completion of body type, the number of synthesis. To achievethis stage of computer-aided design, must study the automatic acquisition ofknowledge, expression, integration, coordination, management and use. To this end,the design and scholars at home and abroad program for the mechanical systemdesign knowledge of the automated processing done a lot of research work, theapproach can be summarized into the following several.