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1、2019中考英語(yǔ)（北京）專題復(fù)習(xí)精選：五選五+閱讀表達(dá) 專題 任務(wù)型閱讀 海淀二模五選五 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1. 掌握本篇五選五中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長(zhǎng)難句。 2. 掌握五選五的解題技巧, 并能夠指出本篇五選五中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧。 3. 通過(guò)五選五高頻詞、長(zhǎng)難句等語(yǔ)料的積累, 及五選五解題技巧的練習(xí), 靈活應(yīng)對(duì)各種五選五習(xí)題。 名師點(diǎn)撥 知識(shí)篇 “巧婦難為無(wú)米之炊”, 在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中, 語(yǔ)料的積累至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于五選五高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句的梳理, 能夠?yàn)槲覀兘窈蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)和提升打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。 親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難

2、句, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了嗎？ 高頻詞（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的詞匯量?jī)?chǔ)備, 以教師提問(wèn)的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 拓展 掌握情況 優(yōu) 良 差 favorite adj. 最喜歡的 start a business 創(chuàng)業(yè) put up 舉起，建造， whether conj. 是否，無(wú)論 易混詞： weather 天氣 roll v. 滾動(dòng)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng) as…as… 和……一樣 right a

3、way 立刻 popular adj. 流行的，受歡迎的 remain v. 保持 come along 出現(xiàn) 長(zhǎng)難句（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的句型儲(chǔ)備, 以教師提問(wèn)的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 1. The theater was as big as a football field.（優(yōu)*良*差*） __________________________________________________________________________________

4、_______________ 句意：電影院和足球場(chǎng)一樣大。 本句中包含著一個(gè)中考高頻句型“as…as…”，意為“和……一樣”，中間用形容詞的原級(jí)。 2. But people who live near the theater still enjoy this fun activity.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：但是住在電影院附近的人仍然能享受這項(xiàng)有趣的活動(dòng)。 本句中包含著一個(gè)由who

5、引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾people。 方法篇 “方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z(yǔ)料的積累, 沒(méi)有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對(duì)于五選五解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解五選五的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語(yǔ)料積累的基礎(chǔ)上, 能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。 親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了五選五的解題技巧, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了多少？ 一、五選五解題步驟 第一步 讀選項(xiàng)，畫關(guān)鍵詞，暗排序 通讀選項(xiàng)，了解每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，做到心中有數(shù)，至少能知道可供選擇的意思范圍，以便在短時(shí)間內(nèi)找出正確答案。 第二步 讀文章，抓過(guò)渡詞，找邏輯 通讀文章，關(guān)注段中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，抓住表示并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)

6、系及其他關(guān)系的過(guò)渡詞，為下一步解題做準(zhǔn)備。 第三步 先易后難來(lái)解題 先填較容易的空，例如文章的段首句、段尾句或與選項(xiàng)有明顯邏輯關(guān)系的句子；再填較難的空，這時(shí)選擇范圍會(huì)變小，可以反復(fù)對(duì)比分析，進(jìn)行選擇。 第四步 回讀文章定答案 全部題目做完后，把所選擇的選項(xiàng)代入原文，檢查文章前后是否連貫，所選選項(xiàng)是否和文章的主旨大意相吻合，再次確定答案。 二、五選五解題技巧 在五選五題型中，設(shè)空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中。正確選項(xiàng)與空格前后句子關(guān)系緊密，主要依賴句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行選擇。接下來(lái)將從并列邏輯、轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯、指代邏輯、因果邏輯和總分邏輯五方面進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。 題型 題型一：并列

7、邏輯 解題技巧 如果空格所在段落要求補(bǔ)全說(shuō)明本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié)，通常選項(xiàng)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。 典題精析 例題：Make good word choices. When we’re not sure which word is the right one for a sentence, look it up in a dictionary. Many of us choose words in a hurry and don’t take the time to decide if they’re proper. 2

8、 . 解析：本題考察的是并列邏輯?？崭癯霈F(xiàn)在第二段的段末，是用來(lái)對(duì)第二段的黑體小標(biāo)題進(jìn)行解釋的，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知E選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞good word choices與小標(biāo)題一致，故選E，意為“好的詞匯選擇對(duì)好的作品是重要的”。 答案：E “Good word choices are necessary for good writing.” 題型 題型二：轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯 解題技巧 1. 空格前后意思相反或矛盾，找含轉(zhuǎn)折含義的選項(xiàng)； 2. 選項(xiàng)含轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯，另一種常見(jiàn)的考查方式是空格后對(duì)該選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述、說(shuō)明和例證。 典題精析 例題： 5 . But with a few sim

9、ple steps, we can improve our writing skills and learn how to write better articles. 解析：本題考察的是轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯。根據(jù)空格后轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可以判定空格前后意思相反，空格后句意為“但是有了簡(jiǎn)單的幾步，我們能夠提高我們的寫作技巧。”，所以空格處應(yīng)與其意思相反，故選D，意為“成為一個(gè)更好的作家不容易”。 答案：D “It is not easy to become a better writer.” 題型 題型三：指代邏輯 解題技巧 1. 如果選項(xiàng)中含有代詞，則判斷哪個(gè)空格前的句中所含有的名詞代入后使

10、上下文連貫； 2. 如果空格后句中有代詞，則判斷哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)所含名詞代入后上下文連貫。 典題精析 例題：Every year in April, the London marathon（馬拉松）takes place. The race covers a fantastic route(線路) in which runners pass lots of the famous places like the London Eye and Big Ben.______3____. 解析：本題考察的是指代邏輯。根據(jù)空格所在段第一句Every year in April, the London m

11、arathon（馬拉松）takes place.“倫敦馬拉松在每年四月舉行”，可知本段講述的重點(diǎn)為倫敦馬拉松，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)People come from all over the world to run in it.中的it代替的是London marathon，故可推斷出正確答案。 答案：B “People come from all over the world to run in it.” 題型 題型四：因果邏輯 解題技巧 如果選項(xiàng)含有因果邏輯詞，則判斷哪個(gè)空格前后句與之符合因果邏輯關(guān)系； 典題精析 例題：Mr. Longman and Mr. Martin w

12、ere both badly ill 1 . Mr. Longman was able to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon. 解析：本題考察的是因果邏輯。根據(jù)空格前句子可知“Mr. Longman和Mr. Martin都病的很嚴(yán)重”，這是事件的原因，那么空格處應(yīng)該填的是事件的結(jié)果，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)填C，意為“他們住在相同的病房里”，即可推斷出正確答案。 答案：C “They were in the same hospital room”. 題型 題型五：總分邏輯 解題技巧 1. 如果選項(xiàng)的表達(dá)類似于“There are

13、mainly three types of …”則該選項(xiàng)一般位于文章較前面的位置，用于引出后文對(duì)這幾種類型的詳細(xì)闡述； 2. 如果空格位于某段段首，則一般是本段的主旨句；如果空格位于某段段尾，通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。 典題精析 例題：Many of us don’t spend a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem when we hand in our articles. Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and benef

14、it us later in life. 1 . 解析：本題考察的是總分邏輯。瀏覽全文可以發(fā)現(xiàn)本文是一篇“總-分”類型的文章，主要介紹的是一些關(guān)于寫作的小竅門，而第二段起的一些黑體字則是tips的具體內(nèi)容，所以第一段空格處應(yīng)填的是一句總述句，故選B，意為“下面的小竅門可能會(huì)有幫助”。 答案：B “The following tips can be helpful.” 語(yǔ)篇精講 瀏覽選項(xiàng) （抓住選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章） 題號(hào) 選項(xiàng) A Every test he tried was successful B And it was

15、big enough for about 400 cars C Sound for the movie came from the radio D People could watch movies from their cars E Today there are fewer than 800 driver-in movie theaters 通讀文章 話題 體裁 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 實(shí)際用時(shí) 正確率 星級(jí) 日常生活類 記敘文 280 5-7分鐘 __/5 ★★★ Driven to See Movies Have you ever tho

16、ught of a new idea that you would like to try? In the 1930s, a man named Richard Hollingshead did. He thought of an idea to bring together his two favorite interests: cars and movies. He wanted to start a business. 1 . Richard tested the idea in his driveway. First he put a machine called a mo

17、vie projector（放映機(jī)）on his car. Then he put up a sheet（床單）between two trees. The sheet was like the white screen used in theaters. Richard played a movie on the screen using the movie projector. Next, Richard placed a radio behind the sheet. 2 . He tried to test whether the sound could be heard fro

18、m the car. He rolled his car windows up and down to find the best way to hear the movie. Finally, he tested whether a movie could be seen and heard in the rain. 3 . In 1933, he opened the first drive in movie theater. The theater was as big as a football field. 4 . The screen was 30 feet high

19、 and 40 feet wide. Speakers were placed next to the screen so the sound could be heard. Right away, the drive in movie theater became popular. The cost to see a movie was just 25 cents per person. By the 1950s,there were about 5 ,000 drive in movie theaters. They remained popular until the televisio

20、n came along. 5 . But people who live near the theater still enjoy this fun activity. Today drive in movie theaters give people the same joy as they did more than 80 years ago. A. Every test he tried was successful B. And it was big enough for about 400 cars C. Sound for the movie came from

21、 the radio D. People could watch movies from their cars E. Today there are fewer than 800 driver-in movie theaters 逐題分析 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本篇文章是一篇日常生活類的記敘文，主要講述了Richard Hollingshead是怎樣將車和電影結(jié)合在一起，創(chuàng)造了一種新的觀影形式及這種觀影形式的發(fā)展及現(xiàn)狀。 1. 解析：本題考察的是并列邏輯?？崭袂熬湟鉃椤八胍?jiǎng)?chuàng)業(yè)”，那么空格處就應(yīng)該填他創(chuàng)業(yè)的具體內(nèi)容是什么？瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知D項(xiàng)為創(chuàng)業(yè)的具體內(nèi)容，意為“人們能夠從他們的車?yán)镉^看

22、電影”。 答案：D 2. 解析：本題考察的是并列邏輯?？崭袂熬湟鉃椤癛ichard把一個(gè)收音機(jī)放在了床單的后面”，那么空格處應(yīng)該是他這樣做的目的是什么，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選C，意為“電影的聲音是來(lái)自收音機(jī)的”。 答案：C 3. 解析：本題考察的是并列邏輯?？崭袂熬湟鉃椤白詈螅麥y(cè)試在雨里電影是否能夠被看到和聽(tīng)到”，那么空格處應(yīng)該填的是測(cè)試的結(jié)果是什么，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)該可選A，意為“他嘗試的每個(gè)測(cè)試都成功了”。 答案：A 4. 解析：本題考察的是因果邏輯。空格前句意為“電影院像足球場(chǎng)一樣大”，接下來(lái)應(yīng)該描述的是選擇這樣大的電影院的原因是什么呢？瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)該選B，意為“它足夠大可以容納

23、約400輛車”。 答案：B 5. 解析：本題考察的是轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯?？崭窈缶湟鉃椤暗亲≡陔娪霸焊浇娜巳匀荒芟硎苓@項(xiàng)有趣的活動(dòng)”，看到了轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，那么空格出句意應(yīng)該與其相反，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選E，意為“現(xiàn)在有不足800個(gè)駕駛電影院”，很多人可能享受不到這種看電影的方式了。 答案：E 精講筆記 （學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下, 回顧本講中積累的五選五的知識(shí)和方法） 語(yǔ)篇中積累的詞匯（至少積累10個(gè)） 單詞 詞性及詞義 單詞的運(yùn)用（鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生用所學(xué)詞匯造句）

24、 語(yǔ)篇中的學(xué)到的方法（至少掌握2種） 并列邏輯 1、2、3 轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯 5 指代邏輯 因果邏輯 4 總分邏輯 能力提升 基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān) 一、詞匯/短語(yǔ)英漢互譯★ 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 adj. 最喜歡的 start a business put up conj. 是否，無(wú)論 v. 滾動(dòng)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng) as…as… right away adj. 流行的，受歡迎的 v. 保持 come along 二、句子英漢互譯★★ 1. 這部電影和那部電影一樣有趣。 ___

25、_________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 你能夠立刻就到我的辦公室來(lái)嗎？ ____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. The theater was as big as a football field. _____________________________________________________________

26、_______________________. 4. But people who live near the theater still enjoy this fun activity. ____________________________________________________________________________________. 5. He went to Paris whenever the chance came along. ______________________________________________________________

27、______________________. 閱讀練習(xí) 話題 體裁 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 實(shí)際用時(shí) 正確率 星級(jí) 科普環(huán)保類 說(shuō)明文 217 5-7分鐘 __/5 ★★★ Great white sharks have become well known in a bad way, for being scary. _____1_____ However, you are more likely to be hit by lightning than attacked by a great white shark. One reason why p

28、eople don't like great white sharks is that they are huge. They grow to be nearly 21 feet long and can weigh up to 5,000 pounds. That is about two cars long! But the size is not typical. Most great whites are smaller, about 10 to 15 feet long. _____2_____. Great whites are called apex predators(捕食者

29、) because they are at the top of the food chain. They have no predators and aren't that picky about what they eat. Great whites are known to eat fish, squid, other sharks, otters, turtles, dolphins, whales, seals, and sea lions. _____3_____ Great whites also eat carrion, which is the remains of dead

30、 animals floating(漂浮) in the water. _____4_____ They have 3,000 teeth, and each is up to 3 inches long! Their very sharp teeth are shaped like triangles and have rough edges that tear into things. Great whites don't even chew their food. They just swallow it down. _____5_____. But, like other shar

31、ks, great whites don't intentionally(主動(dòng)地) eat or attack humans. So swim without fear. A. Those last two kinds are their favorite food. B. That’s still longer than one car, though. C. Movies and popular stories make them scary. D. A big meal can satisfy a great white shark for about two months.

32、 E. Another reason why people fear great whites is their frightening teeth. 參考答案 基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān) 一、詞匯/短語(yǔ)英漢互譯 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 favorite adj. 最喜歡的 start a business 創(chuàng)業(yè) put up 舉起，建造， whether conj. 是否，無(wú)論 roll v. 滾動(dòng)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng) as…as… 和……一樣 right away 立刻 popular adj. 流行的，受歡迎的 remain v. 保持

33、 come along 出現(xiàn) 二、句子英漢互譯。 1. This film is as interesting as that one. 2. Can you come to my office right away? 3. 電影院和足球場(chǎng)一樣大。 4. 但是住在電影院附近的人仍然能享受這項(xiàng)有趣的活動(dòng)。 5. 他一有機(jī)會(huì)就去巴黎。 閱讀練習(xí) 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. E 5. D 第8講（下） 海淀二模閱讀表達(dá) 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1. 掌握本篇閱讀表達(dá)中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長(zhǎng)難句。 2. 掌握閱讀表達(dá)的解題技巧,

34、并能夠指出本篇閱讀表達(dá)中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧。 3. 通過(guò)閱讀表達(dá)高頻詞、長(zhǎng)難句等語(yǔ)料的積累, 及閱讀表達(dá)解題技巧的練習(xí), 靈活應(yīng)對(duì)各種閱讀表達(dá)習(xí)題。 名師點(diǎn)撥 知識(shí)篇 “巧婦難為無(wú)米之炊”, 在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中, 語(yǔ)料的積累至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于閱讀表達(dá)高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句的梳理, 能夠?yàn)槲覀兘窈蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)和提升打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。 親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了嗎？ 高頻詞（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的詞匯量?jī)?chǔ)備, 以教師提問(wèn)的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 拓展 掌握情況 優(yōu)

35、良 差 plenty of 大量，許多 a bit of 一點(diǎn) keep fit 保持健康 waist n. 腰 regularly adv. 定期地，有規(guī)律地 add v. 增加，添加 suitable adj. 適當(dāng)?shù)?，相配? eager adj. 渴望的 impress v. 給予某人深刻印象 come around 來(lái)，回來(lái) 長(zhǎng)難句（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的句型儲(chǔ)

36、備, 以教師提問(wèn)的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 1. Once you’ve learned how to keep the hoop moving around your waist, you can try around your arms, legs and even neck!（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：一旦你學(xué)會(huì)了怎樣讓呼啦圈在你的腰周圍移動(dòng)，那么你也

37、能嘗試讓它在你的胳膊，腿甚至脖子周圍移動(dòng)。 本句中包含著一個(gè)由once引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，once意為“一旦”。 2. To people who don t like the sound of hula hooping, perhaps diabolo is more suitable.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：對(duì)于那些不喜歡呼啦圈聲音的人，也許空竹更合適。 本句中包含著一個(gè)由who引導(dǎo)

38、的定語(yǔ)從句修飾people。 方法篇 “方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z(yǔ)料的積累, 沒(méi)有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對(duì)于閱讀表達(dá)解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解閱讀表達(dá)的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語(yǔ)料積累的基礎(chǔ)上, 能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。 親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了閱讀表達(dá)的解題技巧, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了多少？ 一、閱讀表達(dá)解題步驟 第一步 認(rèn)真審題，讀懂題意 做題時(shí)我們應(yīng)先閱讀所給的任務(wù)，明確任務(wù)是什么，再帶著任務(wù)去閱讀材料，這樣就能做到心中有數(shù)，有針對(duì)性的去讀，并能提高閱讀效率。 第二步 快速瀏覽，掌握大意 明確任務(wù)后，應(yīng)迅速閱讀全文來(lái)了解文章主要內(nèi)容，以及文章

39、的感情基調(diào)，作者的意圖、態(tài)度傾向。 第三步 細(xì)讀題目，完成任務(wù) 泛讀全文之后，就可以采用“跳讀”的方式來(lái)尋找細(xì)節(jié)在原文中的對(duì)應(yīng)，“跳讀”的目的就是為細(xì)節(jié)尋找答案。 第四步 復(fù)讀文章，核實(shí)任務(wù) 完成所有任務(wù)后，還應(yīng)結(jié)合題目再把全文通讀一遍，認(rèn)真核實(shí)答案，要注意句子的人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、詞性、主謂一致等。 二、閱讀表達(dá)解題技巧 在閱讀表達(dá)題型中，要求學(xué)生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上，去完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)或解決一個(gè)問(wèn)題，主要考察學(xué)生捕捉信息的能力，綜合概括信息的能力和組織信息的能力。接下來(lái)將從細(xì)節(jié)題，是非題，主旨題和活用題四種題型的解題技巧進(jìn)行講解。 題型 題型一：細(xì)節(jié)題 解題技巧

40、 細(xì)節(jié)題一般對(duì)人，事，地點(diǎn)，時(shí)間，原因及方式等進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，首先要審清題目要求，然后找出題目在文中出現(xiàn)的對(duì)應(yīng)段落，直接作答或用自己的話進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)述。 設(shè)題方式 1. What is the writer’s question in Letter A? 2. Where were the researchers from? 3. Who can help shy people? 4. Why did Burton decide to have the slides painted? 5. When was Burton Holmes born? 6. How are parents

41、’ jobs different from children’s jobs according to Letter A. 典題精析 On November 30, 1906, George Bidder dropped a bottle from a boat into the North Sea. The weighted glass bottle sank almost to the sea floor, and then it move slowly for 108 years and 138 days. 問(wèn)題：How long did the weighted glass bo

42、ttle move in the sea? 解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“這個(gè)玻璃瓶在海里移動(dòng)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？”，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“the weighted glass bottle move in the sea”可將答案鎖定在第一段第二句中“The weighted glass bottle sank almost to the sea floor, and then it move slowly for 108 years and 138 days.”，故填“For 108 years and 138 days”。 答案：For 108 years and 138 days. 題型

43、題型二：是非題 解題技巧 提問(wèn)形式為一般疑問(wèn)句，首先鎖定范圍，在范圍內(nèi)劃出依據(jù)，然后使用Yes / No作答。 設(shè)題方式 1. Do parents have homework according to letter B? 2. Is being shy always a big problem according to the passage? 3. Could Francis and Craig read the “map” of DNA in 2000? 4. Will the step-by-step guide show you how to start a club?

44、 典題精析 Its journey ended when Marianne Winkler found the bottle in 2015. Winkler was then on vacation on Amrum Island. She picked up the bottle when it was washed up onto the beach. She saw a piece of paper inside, but didn’t break it open. She could tell that the bottle was old. So she didn’t want

45、 to damage it. 問(wèn)題：Did Marianne Winkler find the bottle in 2015? 解析：本題為是非題。題干意為“Marianne Winkler是在2015年發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)瓶子的嗎？”，根據(jù)第二段第一句Its journey ended when Marianne Winkler found the bottle in 2015.可以判定答案是肯定的，故填“Yes”。 答案：Yes. 題型 題型三：主旨題 解題技巧 抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)，先總后分，先分后總還是總分總，確定總寫在篇首還是篇尾，然后作答。如果不符合上述幾種情況，則綜合全文或段落，

46、用自己的話進(jìn)行概括。中考閱讀表達(dá)中的主旨大意題一般由兩點(diǎn)或三點(diǎn)構(gòu)成，常用的句型有： 1. 介紹某個(gè)物體，新興事物或抽象概念時(shí)：What……is. 2. 介紹某個(gè)人物時(shí)：Who……is. 3. 介紹做某事的方法時(shí)：How to do …… / How…… 4. 介紹某事物的優(yōu)/缺點(diǎn)時(shí)：The benefits / advantages / disadvantages of …… 例1. What is the passage mainly about? 解答：What shyness is and how to deal with it. 例2. What is the mai

47、n idea of the passage? 解答：How to run a studio system? 例3. What is the passage mainly about? 解答：Who Andrew Matthews is and his book. 設(shè)題方式 1. What is the passage mainly about? 2. What does the writer mainly tell us in passage? 3. What is the main idea of paragraph 4? 4. What do you learn from

48、 this story? 5. What is the purpose of this passage? 典題精析 Scientists now understand that a fire can be a natural part of a healthy forest. As a result, countries like Australia allow more fires to burn naturally. Sometimes, fire fighters even start fires to get rid of（去除）dead wood. Of course, the

49、y carefully control the fires. The fire thins out old trees. This allows sunlight to reach the ground. As a result, fires help new trees to grow. Therefore, if a fire is not a serious threat（威脅）to people, firefighters may let it burn naturally. 問(wèn)題：What is the main idea of paragraph 4? 解析：本題為段落主旨題。

50、題干意為“第四段的主要意思是什么？”，根據(jù)第四段段首句可知“澳大利亞允許更多的火自然燃燒”，而后面的內(nèi)容解釋的是這樣做的原因是保持森林健康，綜合這兩點(diǎn)并運(yùn)用in order to短語(yǔ)即可得出正確答案，應(yīng)填“In order to keep forests healthy, some fires may be allowed to burn naturally.”。 答案：In order to keep forests healthy, some fires may be allowed to burn naturally. 題型 題型四：活用題 解題技巧 主觀性最強(qiáng)，需要準(zhǔn)確把

51、握主旨，圍繞文章的中心觀點(diǎn)列出要點(diǎn)，擴(kuò)點(diǎn)成句，進(jìn)行潤(rùn)色，但要注意不能不著邊際，離題萬(wàn)里。 設(shè)題方式 1. Do you think the selfie is good? Why? 2. What can be filled in the blank（空白）at the end of letter B? 典題精析 I think it’s only fair that teenagers help out a bit at home. They might not like it, but it’s good for them. It teaches them how to look

52、 after themselves. This is really useful when __________.（北京朝陽(yáng)期末） 問(wèn)題：What can be filled in the blank（空白）at the end of letter B? 解析：本題為活用題。題干意為“在letter B結(jié)尾的空白處能夠填什么？”，這類題的答案比較靈活，不是唯一的，只要和文章的主旨一致就可以。本段主要說(shuō)的是孩子們?cè)诩依镒鲆恍┘覄?wù)能夠幫助她們學(xué)會(huì)照顧自己，當(dāng)_____, 這一點(diǎn)是有用的。那么一定是孩子離開(kāi)家，獨(dú)自生活的時(shí)候，答案與此主題一致即可。 答案：they leave home to

53、go to college/ live on their own …… 語(yǔ)篇精講 瀏覽問(wèn)題 （抓住選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章） 題號(hào) 選項(xiàng) 1 Do a lot of teenagers stay at home during summer holidays? 2 Why is hula hooping a good choice? 3 What do most juggling beginners start with? 4 Where can most of the equipment be found? 5 What does the

54、 passage mainly talk about? 通讀尋讀 話題 體裁 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 實(shí)際用時(shí) 正確率 星級(jí) 日常生活類 記敘文 327 6-8分鐘 __/5 ★★★ Clowning Around It’s almost time for the summer holidays. The thought of sunshine, no school or homework and traveling around are in everyone’s mind. However, a lot of teenagers stay at home

55、 during the summer holidays. If you don’t have any plans this summer and want to learn something cool and fun, why don’t you try a circus(雜技）skill? There are plenty of skills that are easy to learn with a bit of practice. Hula hooping is a good choice because it s a fun way to keep fit. Once you’ve

56、 learned how to keep the hoop moving around your waist, you can try around your arms, legs and even neck! Or how about juggling? This is a skill that takes a little bit of practice regularly. If you master the basics, there are lots of simple tricks that look exciting. Most juggling beginners start

57、 with three soft balls. You can throw and catch them so that one is always in the air and the others in your hands. After perfecting this skill, you can add more balls. Some people can juggle up to ten balls. To people who don t like the sound of hula hooping, perhaps diabolo is more suitable. This

58、 looks like two plastic cones（圓錐體）joined together at the tips placed on a piece of string held by the player. You can spin, throw and catch the diabolo to show off some interesting but simple tricks. All of these are exciting to try. Most of the equipment（裝備）can be found in toy shops or some websit

59、es on the Internet. Most cities will have a circus club for teenagers to try out the different tricks and they even offer workshops to teach the skills properly and safely. Once you find he skill for you, I m sure you’ll be practicing all summer long, eager to impress your classmates when September

60、comes around again. 1. Do a lot of teenagers stay at home during summer holidays? _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. Why is hula hooping a good choice? _____________________________________________________________________________________.

61、 3. What do most juggling beginners start with? _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. Where can most of the equipment be found? _____________________________________________________________________________________. 5. What does the passage main

62、ly talk about? _____________________________________________________________________________________. 逐題分析 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本篇文章是一篇日常生活類的記敘文，主要介紹了幾種適合青少年暑假期間學(xué)習(xí)的雜技。 1. 解析：本題為是非題。題干意為“許多青少年在暑假期間待在家里嗎？”，根據(jù)題干鎖定文章第一段關(guān)鍵句However, a lot of teenagers stay at home during the summer holidays.“然而，許多青少年在暑假期間待在家里”，由此

63、可以判定答案為Yes。 答案：Yes. / Yes, they do. 2. 解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“為什么呼啦圈是一個(gè)好的選擇？”，根據(jù)題干鎖定文章第二段第一句話Hula hooping is a good choice because it s a fun way to keep fit.“呼啦圈是一個(gè)好的選擇因?yàn)樗潜３纸】档囊粋€(gè)有趣的方式”，即可推斷出正確答案。 答案：Because it’s a fun way to keep fit. 3. 解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“大多數(shù)雜技球初學(xué)者以什么開(kāi)始？”，根據(jù)題干鎖定文章第三段關(guān)鍵句Most juggling begi

64、nners start with three soft balls.“大多數(shù)雜技球初學(xué)者以三個(gè)軟球開(kāi)始”，即可推斷出正確答案為three soft balls。 答案：3 soft balls. 4. 解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“大多數(shù)設(shè)備可以在哪里找到？”，根據(jù)題干鎖定文章最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Most of the equipment（裝備）can be found in toy shops or some websites on the Internet.”意為“大多數(shù)設(shè)備可以在玩具商店或者一些網(wǎng)站上找到”，即可推斷出正確答案。 答案：In toy shops or some web

65、sites on the Internet. 5. 解析：本題為主旨題。題干意為“文章主要談?wù)摰氖鞘裁?？”，主旨大意題可以首先瀏覽文章的首段，根據(jù)首段關(guān)鍵句why don’t you try a circus(雜技）skill? There are plenty of skills that are easy to learn with a bit of practice.“為什么你不嘗試一門雜技技巧呢？只需要一點(diǎn)練習(xí)，這里有很多技巧很容易學(xué)?！保梢酝茢喑霰疚闹饕榻B的是一些對(duì)于青少年來(lái)說(shuō)很容易學(xué)的雜技技巧，而后面文章中的hula hooping, juggling, diabolo的介紹

66、也驗(yàn)證了這一點(diǎn)。 答案：Tricks Circus skills for teenagers. / Activities for teenagers to learn circus skills (during summer holidays). 精講筆記 （學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下, 回顧本講中積累的閱讀表達(dá)的知識(shí)和方法） 語(yǔ)篇中積累的詞匯（至少積累10個(gè)） 單詞 詞性及詞義 單詞的運(yùn)用（鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生用所學(xué)詞匯造句） 語(yǔ)篇中的學(xué)到的方法（至少掌握2種） 細(xì)節(jié)題 2、3、4 是非題 1 主旨題 5 活用題 能力提升 基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān) 一、詞匯/短語(yǔ)英漢互譯★ 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 plenty of 大量，許多 a bit of 一點(diǎn) keep fit 保持健康 waist n. 腰 regularly adv. 定期地，有規(guī)律地 add v. 增加，添加 suita