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第五章 情景交際,知識(shí)梳理,語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的最終目的在于運(yùn)用，也就是交際。情景交際就是考查學(xué)生對(duì)一定情景的理解和在相應(yīng)情景之下，表達(dá)相關(guān)話題的能力。 小學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)熟悉以下情景： 問(wèn)候、人物介紹、告別、感謝、致歉、請(qǐng)求、打電話、購(gòu)物、問(wèn)路和指路、就餐以及談?wù)撎鞖狻r(shí)間、日期、星期等。 下面是各種常見(jiàn)情景的典型用語(yǔ)或句型，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們熟練掌握。,一、問(wèn)候 1. Hello! / Hi! 你好?。℉ello用于多種場(chǎng)合；Hi用于非正式場(chǎng)合） 2. —How do you do? 你好！ —How do you do? 你好?。ㄊ终降膱?chǎng)合下的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)） 3. —How are you? 你好嗎？ —I'm fine. Thank you! 我很好。謝謝！ 4. —Nice / Glad to meet you! 見(jiàn)到你很高興！ —Nice / Glad to meet you, too! 見(jiàn)到你很高興！ 5. Good morning / afternoon / evening! 早上好 / 下午好/晚上好！ 6. Please say hello to … for me! 請(qǐng)代我向……問(wèn)好！,二、人物介紹 1. I'm … / My name is … 我是…… / 我名叫…… 2. I am / come from … 我來(lái)自 …… 3. I live in … 我住在…… 4. I like … / My hobby is … 我喜歡 …… / 我的愛(ài)好是…… （在介紹愛(ài)好的時(shí)候，涉及的動(dòng)詞用ing 形式） 5. This is … 這位是…… (用于介紹別人),三、告別 1. Goodbye! / Bye-bye! / Bye! / See you! / So long! 再見(jiàn)！ 2. See you later / next time / tomorrow … 回頭見(jiàn) / 下次再見(jiàn) / 明天見(jiàn)…… 3. Good night! 晚安！(用于晚上活動(dòng)之后，或者臨睡之前的告別) 4. Keep in touch! 保持聯(lián)絡(luò)！ 5. Write soon! 盡快回信！,四、感謝 1. Thank you! / Thank you very much!/ Thanks a lot! 謝謝！ / 非常感謝！ / 萬(wàn)分感謝！ 2. It's very kind of you! 你真好！(太感謝你了！) 3. 表達(dá)不用謝的方式：You're welcome. / Not at all. / Don't mention it. / It's my pleasure. 不用謝。 五、致歉 1. Excuse me! 打擾一下！ 2. Sorry! / I'm sorry! / I'm so sorry! / I'm sorry for … 對(duì)不起！/ 抱歉！/ 非常抱歉！/ 我很抱歉…… 3. Pardon? / I beg your pardon?請(qǐng)?jiān)彙?/ 請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍。,六、請(qǐng)求與應(yīng)答 （一）請(qǐng)求 1. May I / Can I …(, please)? 請(qǐng)問(wèn)我可以……嗎？ 2. Would you like some … 想要點(diǎn)……（東西）嗎？ 3. Would you like to … 你愿意干……（事情）嗎？ （二）應(yīng)答 1.Certainly！ / Sure! / Of course! / No problem! 當(dāng)然可以！/ 好的！ / 當(dāng)然！ /沒(méi)問(wèn)題！ 2.OK! / All right! / Yes, please! 好! / 可以！ / 請(qǐng)！ 3.That would be very nice! 那真是太好了！ 4.I'd love to, but I'm … 我很樂(lè)意，但是…… 5.I'm sorry I can't … 很抱歉，我不能……,七、打電話 1. Hello! This is … (speaking). 你好！我是…… 2. Is that …(speaking)? 你是……嗎？ 3. May I have your name, please? 請(qǐng)問(wèn)你是哪位？ 4. May I speak to …? 我可以和……講話嗎？ 5. Hold on, please! 請(qǐng)稍等！ 6. There is a call for you. 有一個(gè)你的電話。 7. Can I take a message for you? 要我?guī)湍懔魝€(gè)口信嗎？ 8. Can I leave a message? 我可以留一個(gè)口信嗎？ 9. Sorry! It's a wrong number. / I'm afraid you have the wrong number. 不好意思，你打錯(cuò)了。,八、購(gòu)物 （一）銷售員說(shuō)的話 1. Can I help you? / Anything I can do for you? 能為您做點(diǎn)什么呢？ （要買點(diǎn)什么嗎？） 2. What can I do for you? 我可以為您做什么呢？ 3. What would you like? 您需要什么呢? 4. What else do you want? / Anything else? 還要?jiǎng)e的什么嗎？ 5. What size / colour …? 什么尺碼 / 顏色……？,（二）顧客說(shuō)的話 1.I want … 我想要…… 2.I'm looking for … 我在找…… 3.How much is it / are they? 這個(gè)（些）多少錢？ 4.I wear Size … 我穿……碼。 5.I'm afraid it's too … 我覺(jué)得太…… 6.OK! I'll take it / them. 好吧！我買了。,九、問(wèn)路與指路 （一）問(wèn)路 1. Excuse me! Where is the …，please? 打擾一下，請(qǐng)問(wèn)……在哪里？ 2. Is there a / an … near here? 這附近有……嗎？ 3. Is this the way to …? 這是去……的路嗎？ 4. Is it far from here? 離這兒遠(yuǎn)嗎？ 5. How far is it from here? 離這兒有多遠(yuǎn)？ 6. Can I take a bus? 我可以乘公共汽車去嗎？ 7. Which bus can I take? 我該乘哪趟公共汽車呢？,（二）指路 1.It's near / next to / on the left / right of the … 在……的附近 / 緊挨著…… / 在……的左側(cè) / 右側(cè)。 2.Turn left / right (at the …).在……處左 / 右轉(zhuǎn)。 3.Go straight ahead / on. 向前直走。 4.This way, please. 請(qǐng)這邊走。 5.It's over there. 在那邊。 6.It's about … away from here. 離這兒大概 …… 7.Go down / along the … 沿著……走。 8.Sorry! I'm new here. 抱歉！我剛到這里（我也不知道）。,十、就餐 1. —What would you like to eat / drink? 你想要吃 / 喝點(diǎn)什么？ —I'd like some … 我想要點(diǎn)…… 2. —Would you like some …? 你要吃點(diǎn)……嗎？ —Yes, please. / No, thanks. 好的，謝謝。/ 不用了，謝謝。 3. Help yourself (to some …)! 隨便吃（點(diǎn)……）！ 4. It's so delicious. 味道好極了。 5. I'm full. Thank you! 我吃飽了。謝謝！,十一、看病 1. What's the matter with you? / What's wrong with you? 你怎么了？ 2. I don't feel well. / I feel bad. 我覺(jué)得不太舒服。 / 我覺(jué)得很難受。 3. I hurt my … 我的……受傷了。 4. Do you have a fever? / Have you got a headache? 你發(fā)燒了嗎？ / 你頭疼嗎？ 5. How long have you been like this? 你像這樣有多久時(shí)間了？ 6. There is nothing serious. 沒(méi)什么大問(wèn)題。 7. Stay in bed for some days. And take some medicine. 在床上躺幾天。吃些藥。,十二、假期活動(dòng) 1. Where are you going on your holiday? 假期要去哪里??？ 2. What are you going to do on your holiday? 假期準(zhǔn)備去做什么？ 3. How are you going there? 你怎樣去那里呢？ 4. Have a good time! 玩得開心！ 5. Where did you go on your holiday? 假期去了哪里??？ 6. What did you do on your holiday? 假期干了些什么？ 7. How did you go there? 你怎樣去那里的？ 8. Did you have a good time? 你玩得開心嗎？ 9. It was wonderful / interesting! 好極了 / 有趣極了！,考點(diǎn)精析,考點(diǎn)1 考查情景選擇 【例1】聽錄音，根據(jù)情景選擇正確的答句。 聽力材料： A:Good afternoon. Can I help you? B: Yes, please. How much is this shirt? A: It's 200 yuan. Question:Where are they? A. They are at school. B. They are in a store.,解析:此類題經(jīng)常在聽力考試中出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)你所聽到的一段對(duì)話，判斷說(shuō)話人所在的地點(diǎn)。本題中的How much is the shirt? 是關(guān)鍵，說(shuō)明正在購(gòu)物，所以地點(diǎn)是在商店。 答案：Ｂ,【例2】單項(xiàng)填空。 （ ）—Please help yourself to some more meat! —___________ A. I'm full, thank you. B. No, I'm full. C. Can I have? 解析:當(dāng)別人邀請(qǐng)你再吃點(diǎn)什么的時(shí)候，無(wú)論接受或不接受，都必須有禮貌。在此題中B選項(xiàng)是很不禮貌的表達(dá)方式，在英語(yǔ)中不可以有；C選項(xiàng)是中文式的表達(dá)方式，也不合適。 答案：A,【例3】單項(xiàng)填空。 （ ）當(dāng)你不認(rèn)識(shí)去車站的路的時(shí)候，你可以這樣問(wèn)： A. Sorry, where is the bus station? B. Excuse me. How can I get to the bus station, please？ C. Do you know the way to the bus station？ 解析:在問(wèn)路的時(shí)候，要求正確地使用問(wèn)路的表達(dá)方式，同時(shí)，還要注意禮貌用語(yǔ)。 答案： B,舉一反三 1. 情景選擇。 ( )(1)假期后回到學(xué)校見(jiàn)到同學(xué)，你應(yīng)該說(shuō)：___ A. See you later. B. Nice to see you again. ( )(2) 你做錯(cuò)了事情，你應(yīng)該對(duì)別人說(shuō)：___ A. Excuse me. B. I'm sorry. ( )(3) 晚上， 你要和朋友在電話中告別，你應(yīng)該說(shuō)：___ A. Good evening！ B. Good night！ ( )(4) 打電話時(shí)，請(qǐng)別人稍等，你應(yīng)該說(shuō)：___ A. Wait a minute. B. Please hold on.,B,B,B,B,( )(5) 如果你問(wèn)路，而對(duì)方也不知道，你應(yīng)該對(duì)他 說(shuō)：___ A. Thank you all the same. B. You're welcome. ( )(6) 假設(shè)你是服務(wù)員，你想問(wèn)客人是否需要喝杯 果汁，你應(yīng)該說(shuō)：___ A. Do you want a glass of water？ B. Would you like a glass of juice？ ( )(7) 假設(shè)你抱了很多的書，不小心掉了一地，有 一同學(xué)恰好經(jīng)過(guò)，你會(huì)對(duì)他說(shuō)：___ A. Can you give me a hand？ B. Don't look.,A,B,A,2. 單項(xiàng)填空。 ( )(1) — ？ —It's sunny and hot today. A. What day is it today B. What's the weather like today ( )(2) — ？ —I went to Xinjiang. A. Where did you go on your holiday B. Where are you going on your holiday ( )(3) — ， isn't it？ —Yes， but a bit cold. A. A bad day B. A nice day,A,B,B,( )(4) —I feel sick， doctor. — ？ —I am not sure， but I have a bad headache. A. How are you feeling now B. Do you have a fever ( )(5) —How will you go to the zoo？ —I will go there . A. take a bus B. by bus ( )(6) —What about having a drink？ — . A. Good idea B. Me， too,B,B,A,( )(7) —What are you now？ — . A. I am a student B. I'm tall ( )(8) — ？ —He is fine. A. How is your father B. What's your father,A,A,考點(diǎn)2 考查情景對(duì)話 【例4】 根據(jù)上下文提示，補(bǔ)全下列對(duì)話。 Mike:Mum,1.______________________ Mum:I'm in the kitchen.2.___________________ Mike:Yes.I'm very hungry.3._____________________ Mum:Sure. Here is a hamburger for you .4. _________________________,Mike:Yes, I do. I like beef very much. Mum:Have some beef.Mike:Thank you, Mum.5.____________________________________ Mum:You father is in the study. Mike:6.____________________________________ Mum:He is reading a newspaper.,解析:本題是一段涉及兩個(gè)人的情景對(duì)話，要求直接補(bǔ)充，難度比較大，需要同學(xué)們能對(duì)此話題有充分的掌握。第1空的問(wèn)句可通過(guò)下一句的回答來(lái)推測(cè)。根據(jù)第1空答句“I'm in the kitchen.”可知，第1空是詢問(wèn)對(duì)方在哪里。根據(jù)第2空的答句“Yes,I'm very hungry.”可知，詢問(wèn)的是對(duì)方是否餓了。第3空答句是“Sure.Here is a hamburger for you.(當(dāng)然可以，給你一個(gè)漢堡包)”。由此可以得知問(wèn)句是“Can I have a hamburger?”father?,第4空答句“Yes ,I do.I like beef very much.” 意思是“是的，我非常喜歡牛肉?！庇纱丝梢灾涝儐?wèn)的是對(duì)方喜不喜歡牛肉。因此答案是“Do you like beef?”第5空根據(jù)答句“You father is in the study.”可以得知詢問(wèn)的是爸爸在哪里。第6空根據(jù)答句“He is reading a newspaper.”由此可知詢問(wèn)的是他在干什么。 答案：1.where are you? 2.Are you hungry? 3.Can I have a hamburger? 4.Do you like beef? 5.Where is,舉一反三 1. 就畫線部分提問(wèn)。 （1）A:______________________________ B:I have a headache. （2）A:______________________________ B:The park is next to the bank. （3）A:______________________________ B:They are singing.,What's wrong with you?,Where is the park?,What are they doing?,（4）A:______________________________ B:I'm going to the science museum. （5）A:__________________________________ __________________________________ B:I like playing football. （6）A:___________________________________ B:My uncle works in a school.,Where are you going?,What is your hobby? / What do you like doing?,Where does your uncle work?,2. 根據(jù)問(wèn)句選擇答句。 ( )（1）What's the date today? ( )（2）Do you have any glue? ( )（3）How much is the guitar? ( )（4）What's your favourite season? ( )（5）What's the weather like in spring? ( )（6）When is your birthday?,F,B,A,E,D,C,,過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè),一、情景選擇。 ( )1. 你到了一個(gè)陌生的城市，你想要找到廁所在哪里，你可以問(wèn)：___ A. Excuse me, where is the WC nearby? B. I can't find WC. C. Excuse me, I'm looking for WC. ( )2. 你想知道那個(gè)穿紅色毛衣的女孩是誰(shuí)，你可以問(wèn)：___ A. Who is the girl wear red sweater? Ｂ．Who's the red sweater girl? Ｃ．Who's the girl in the red sweater?,A,C,,( )3. 你想知道對(duì)方是否想喝茶，你可以問(wèn)：___ A. Do you like drinking? B. Do you have a cup of tea? Ｃ. Would you like a cup of tea? ( )4. 你想知道北京的天氣怎么樣，你應(yīng)該說(shuō)：___ A. What's the weather in Beijing? B. What's the weather like in Beijing? C. What's the weather like of Beijing? ( )5. 當(dāng)別人向你說(shuō)“Happy New Year!”時(shí)， 你應(yīng)回答：___ A. Thank you. B. The same to you! C. I'm happy today.,C,B,B,二、 選擇正確的選項(xiàng)完成對(duì)話。 Bill: 1 3307561. Mike: Hello, 2 ? Bill: Yes. Is that Sam speaking? Mike: No, this 3 not Sam. This is Mike speaking. Bill: Hi, Mike. How are you? Mike: 4 , thanks. Bill: What's 5 and eighty-nine, please? Mike: One hundred. Bill: What's thirty-six and sixty-four, please? Mike: One 6 , too. Bill: 7 very much. Mike: 8 .,( )1. A. How are you? B. Hello! C. Good morning. ( )2. A. Is that Bill B. Is that Jim C. Is that Kate ( )3. A. am B. is C. are ( )4. A. Nice to meet you B.I'm fine C. How do you do ( )5. A. twelve B. eleven C. ten ( )6. A. ninety-nine B. hundred C. ninety ( )7. A. Thanks B. Thank C.Thank your ( )8. A. That's OK B. All right C. That's right,B,A,B,B,B,B,A,A,三、問(wèn)答句配對(duì)。 ( )1. What do you want, a dress or a skirt? ( )2. What colour would you like? ( )3. What size do you want? ( )4. How much is it? ( )5. How about this red one? ( )6. Here you are. ( )7. Would you like to watch cartoons? ( )8. May I speak to Lily?,C,D,E,A,B,H,F,G,1.A:Hi,Gogo.______ B:I'm going to the park. 2.A:______ B:I'm going to play football with my friends. 3.A:______ B:Yes,I did. 4.A:______ B:I took photos. 5.A:______ B:It's hot and sunny. 6.A:______ B:I have a bad cold.,C,E,D,A,B,F,四、根據(jù)答句寫問(wèn)句。 1. —_________________________ —It's Monday today. 2. —_________________________ —It's July 22nd. 3. —_________________________ —She is ten years old.,What day is it today?,What's the date today？,How old is she？,4. —__________________________ —It's half past seven. 5. —________________________________________ ________________________________________ —My favourite season is spring. 6. —__________________________ —She is 1.58 metres 7. —__________________________ —It's yellow.,What time is it now?,What's your favourite season? / Which season do you like best?,How tall is she?,What colour is it?,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,