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,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1. put forward 閱讀下列句子，并在其后的括號內(nèi)填入put forward的含義 a. 推薦 b. 提前 c. 把鐘/表撥快 d. 提出 e. 把……往前放/移 ①Who put forward a theory about black holes? (P1) ( d ) ②The men’s final has been put forward to 13: 30. ( b ),,,③I put forward the hands of a clock when it is slow. ( c ) ④We all put him forward for the position of club secretary. ( a ) ⑤Why don’t you put your chair forward to get a better view? ( e ),,,,put up with 忍受 put up 舉起；安裝；修建；張貼；投宿 put off 推遲；延期 put out 撲滅；生產(chǎn)；出版；使不高興 put down 寫下來；鎮(zhèn)壓 put away 收拾起來；放棄；打消；存起來 put aside 放一邊；擱置起來；積蓄,①We’ve put forward the date of our wedding (將婚禮的日期提前) by one week. ②─Excuse me, can I ______ my suggestion? ─Go ahead. A. give off B. call in C. put forward D. set out 【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~短語。give off“發(fā)出”；call in“請來”；put forward“提出”；set out“動身；開始”。由句意可知C項正確。,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,③He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _____at a hotel for the night. ［2011浙江高考］ A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up 【解析】選D?？疾閯釉~短語的辨析。句意為“他決定一路駕車回家，不在旅館留宿。”put down放下，平定, 鎮(zhèn)壓，記下；put off推遲；put on穿上，戴上，上演，假裝，增加；put up舉起，建立，張貼，投宿。根據(jù)句意選D。,2. conclude From these observations we conclude that the moon has little or no atmosphere. 由這些觀察，我們斷定月球很少或根本沒有大氣層。 We will conclude our concert with the National Anthem. 我們將以國歌結(jié)束我們的音樂會。 The Shenzhen Universiade concluded successfully. 深圳大運會圓滿結(jié)束。,①conclude作及物動詞和不及物動詞，意為“斷定，得出結(jié)論”時，常和from連用；意為“結(jié)束”時，常與with搭配。,,,,,,,From what has been discussed above, we can safely draw/come to/arrive at a conclusion that fate is equitable to every one. In conclusion, I wish you all good health and a long life. To avoid a silly mistake, don’t jump to a conclusion. ②conclude的名詞是conclusion。 ③draw/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 ④in conclusion 最后，總之 ⑤jump to a conclusion 倉促得出結(jié)論,,,,,,,,,①The doctor concluded that the patient was suffering from cancer. (句型轉(zhuǎn)換) →The doctor drew a conclusion that the patient was suffering from cancer. ②The story concluded with (以……而告終) the hero’s death.,,,,,,,,,,,③In conclusion (最后), I’d like to thank you for all you’ve done for me. ④Don’t jump to a conclusion before considering all the facts. Be careful. (英譯漢) 沒有考慮所有事實之前，不要匆忙下結(jié)論。要謹(jǐn)慎小心。,,,,,,,⑤After analysing the advantages and disadvantages of the plan, they finally came to the _____that it was practical. A. decision B. opinion C. conclusion D. agreement 【解析】選C?？疾楣潭ù钆?。句意為：經(jīng)過對這個計劃的優(yōu)缺點進行分析之后，他們得出了計劃可行的結(jié)論。come to the conclusion that. . . “得出的結(jié)論是……”。,3. attend 閱讀下列句子，并在其后的括號內(nèi)填入attend的含義 a. 出席，參加 b. 照顧 c. 上(學(xué))，前往，去 d. 陪伴；伴隨 ①John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. (P2) ( b ) ②Danger attended everything he did. ( d ),,,③Since you have no time, you need not attend the tea party. ( a ) ④Born in India, he attended high school and medical school in Madras. ( c ),,,I have a number of other matters to attend to. She had to attend to her sick mother in hospital. She had three servants attending on her. ⑤attend to 意為：處理；照顧。 ⑥attend on 意為：照顧；侍候,,,,,attend與take part in, join in, join有什么區(qū)別？ 【知識鏈接】,①It is her duty for a nurse to attend (to) the patients (照顧病人) daily. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 ②Could you deal with the letter immediately? →Could you attend to the letter immediately? ③Only his friends were present at his wedding. →Only his friends attended his wedding.,,,,,,,,,,,,,翻譯句子 ④Why weren’t you attending to what I said when I was explaining? 我在解釋的時候，你為什么不注意聽？ ⑤Success attended her efforts. 成功伴隨著她的努力而來。 ⑥我上這個班是為了提高英語水平。(漢譯英) I attended the class to improve my English level.,,,,,,,用attend，take part in，join，join in的適當(dāng)形式填空 ⑦The meeting our manager attended last week was very important. ⑧She is enthusiastic and takes part in all the activities in her community. ⑨Soon the whole crowd joined in singing the song. ⑩When he attended middle school, he joined the League. He liked sports and joined in running, jumping and playing balls after class. Every year he took part in the school sports meet.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,4. expose 閱讀下列句子，并在其后的括號內(nèi)填入expose的含義 a. 使暴露 b. 揭露 c. 使接觸 d. 使曝光 ①But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. (P2) ( c ) ②The reporter was killed because he tried to expose a plot. ( b ) ③You had better not expose the young flowers to the hot sun. ( a ) ④Be careful not to expose the film to light. ( d ),,,,,A teacher should expose his students to real-life situations. Trees were cut down and the bare hill was exposed to the wind and rain.,⑤expose常與介詞to搭配，意為：使接觸……；使暴露于…… ⑥be exposed to意為：接觸……；暴露于……,,,,,,,,,①Workers (who are) exposed to dust (接觸塵土的工人)every day suffer easily from pneumoconiosis disease (塵肺病). (expose) ②This chemical is not to be exposed to the sun. 這種化學(xué)制品不可暴露于陽光下。,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,③Newspapers in some countries published articles to expose the real intention of France attacking Libya. 一些國家的報紙刊登文章來揭露法國攻擊利比亞的真實意圖。,,,④We should combine our efforts to make sure our children are not_____ to bad living conditions. A. affected B. exposed C. exposing D. effected 【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：我們應(yīng)該共同努力，確保孩子們不會接觸到不良的生活環(huán)境。be exposed to“暴露在……之中；接觸到”。,5. cure Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. (P2) 人們既不知道它的病因，又不了解它的治療方法。 At present there is no cure for cancer. 目前還沒有治愈癌癥的方法。 She tried every means to cure her child of the bad habit. 她想盡一切辦法試圖改掉她孩子的這個惡習(xí)。,①cure作名詞，意思是：治療/治愈的方法，常和介詞for搭 配。 ②cure作動詞，意思是：治愈；治療；糾正, 后常接介詞of。,,,,,,,,,介詞填空 ①The cure of his headache was soon effected. ②The doctor claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease. ③It proves that whiskey can not cure one of his/her worry.,,,,,,,用cure和treat的適當(dāng)形式填空 ④The doctor cured the patient of his sleeplessness. ⑤He got injured in the accident and he is being treated in hospital now. ⑥He was treated for his heart disease for three months, but the doctor had said they could cure him of it in one month.,,,,,,,,,6. blame It seemed that the water was to blame. (P2) 看來一切要歸咎于水。 He blamed you for the neglect of duty. 他責(zé)備你玩忽職守。,①blame用作動詞，常與介詞 for 搭配。 ②blame sb. for (doing) sth. 意思是：因……而責(zé)備某人 ③be to blame (for. . . )意思是：(對某事)應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé)任/應(yīng)該受到責(zé)備,,,,,,,,,The police blame the accident on the driver who was drunk. 警方把事故的責(zé)任歸咎于醉酒的司機。 I am ready to take the blame for the mistake. 我準(zhǔn)備承擔(dān)這一錯誤的責(zé)任。 ④blame sth. on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人 ⑤take/get/bear the blame for 對……承擔(dān)責(zé)任,,,,,①He was to blame for the accident (應(yīng)該為這次事故負(fù)責(zé)), so he was blamed for it (為此受到了責(zé)備). (blame) ②Don’t always put the blame of your own failure on others. (句型轉(zhuǎn)換) →Don’t always blame your own failure on others. ③我已準(zhǔn)備對我說的話負(fù)責(zé)。 I am ready to take the blame for what I said.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,④Don’t blame the fault on others. It is you who are to blame. You should dare to take the blame for it. 別把錯誤 歸咎于別人，該受責(zé)備的是你，你應(yīng)該敢于承擔(dān)責(zé)任。,,,,,,,,,⑤Mr. Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one_______. A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed 【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~用法。blamed表示被動和完成，不符合語境；blaming表示主動，結(jié)構(gòu)不符；to blame是主動式表示被動；“某人該受責(zé)備”不用to be blamed。,7. announce With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. (P3) 有了這個額外的證據(jù)，約翰·斯諾肯定地宣布這種污染了的水?dāng)y帶著病毒。,It is officially announced that he will not run for re-election. 據(jù)正式宣布，他將不再爭取再次當(dāng)選。 I’ve got an important announcement to make. 我有件重要的事要宣布。,①announce意思是：宣布；宣告；通知；其名詞形式是announcement。 ②It is announced that. . . 意思是：據(jù)宣布……。,,,,,,,①The old man was born on the day when the USA _______war on Japan. A. announced B. declared C. spoke D. began 【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~辨析。“向……宣戰(zhàn)”用declare war on. . . 。,②Everyone was silent as the organizer_______ the result of the speech competition. A. announced B. pronounced C. declared D. instructed 【解析】選A。句意：當(dāng)組織者宣布演講比賽的結(jié)果時，大家都靜了下來。announce“宣布”；pronounce“發(fā)音”；declare“宣稱；宣布”，常用于宣戰(zhàn)、議和或談判；instruct“指示；指導(dǎo)”。,③Please announce to the children (通知孩子們) that there will be no school this afternoon. ④We regret to announce (宣布) that due to the weather conditions, there will be a delay. ⑤There was a silence after the announcement (宣布).,,,,,,,,,,,,,8. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. (P3) 有一位婦女是從寬街搬過來的，她特別喜歡那里的水，每天都要派人從水泵打水運到家里。,have sth. done此處的意思是“讓別人做某事”，也可以說get sth. done。have sth. done還常用來表示“遭受某事”之意。 The patient is going to have his temperature taken (讓人量體溫). Workers in some factories have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machines. 在有些工廠里，工人們的聽力受到機器噪音的損害。,,,①Don’t have the horse run so fast. “have+賓語+不帶to的不定式”意為“ 讓/叫……做某事 ” ②I don’t have you speaking so rudely to your mother. “have+賓語+v. -ing”用于否定式的時候意為“不準(zhǔn)/允許某人做某事” ③He had us laughing during the lunchtime. “have+賓語+ v. -ing”意為“使……做某事”,,,,,,,①—Did Peter fix the computer himself? —He____, because he doesn’t know much about computers. A. has it fixed B. had fixed it C. had it fixed D. fixed it 【解析】選C。從doesn’t know much about computers暗示該空表示“讓別人修了這臺電腦”，說的是已發(fā)生的事，因此應(yīng)填had it fixed。,②—Excuse me，sir, where is Room 301? —Just a minute. I’ll have Bob _____ you to your room. A. show B. shows C. to show D. showing 【解析】選A。句中have表示“讓”，為使役動詞，因此后面應(yīng)接省去to的不定式作賓語補足語。,③昨天夜里為什么你讓燈整夜地亮著？我不允許你熬夜。 Why did you have the light burning all night long? I won’t have you staying up .,,,,,,,,,,,1. defeat JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”(P2) 約翰·斯諾戰(zhàn)勝“霍亂王” Our hopes were defeated. 我們的希望落空了。,The news of the enemy’s defeat quickly circulated around the town. 敵人被打敗的消息很快在整個城鎮(zhèn)傳播開來。,defeat作動詞意為：打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫 ；作名詞意為： 失敗。,,,,,①The manager of the hotel instructed his staff to improve the quality of service to _____ guests. A. defeat B. win C. beat D. invite 【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意為：賓館經(jīng)理指示他的員工要提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量來贏得客人。win sb. 意思是“爭取某人”。,②The recent examination____ her hope of going to university. A. defeated B. lost C. beat D. gave up 【解析】選A?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意為：最近的考試使她上大學(xué)的希望落空。defeat表示“挫敗”的意思。,用defeat，beat，win的適當(dāng)形式填空 ③We defeated/beat them in the football match yesterday. ④She was very pleased because she had won the first prize in the competition. ⑤Before the race, her heart beat fast, as she was afraid she would be beaten/defeated .,,,,,,,2. link In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. (P3) 在倫敦另一個地方，他從另外兩個病例中發(fā)現(xiàn)了有力的證據(jù)，它們與寬街爆發(fā)的霍亂有聯(lián)系。,When completed, this railway will link many industrial cities to a seaport. 這條鐵路建成后，將把許多工業(yè)城市和一個海港連接起來。 It was very convenient to link up all of the computers. 連接所有的計算機做事很方便。 Is there a link between smoking and lung disease? 抽煙和肺病之間有聯(lián)系嗎？,①link用作動詞，意思是：連接；聯(lián)系。 ②link. . . to. . . 意思是：將……和……連接/聯(lián)系起來； ③be linked to. . . 意思是：與……相連/有關(guān)系； ④link up意思是：連接/聯(lián)合起來。 ⑤link作名詞意思是：連接；聯(lián)系，紐帶。,,,,,,,,,,,①指紋證實了嫌疑犯的犯罪行為。 Fingerprint linked the suspect to the crime. ②這些證據(jù)連接起來就能說明小偷是誰了。 These evidences linked up to suggest who the thief was. ③過去，書信是同遠(yuǎn)方朋友的一種聯(lián)系。 In the past, letters are a link with friends who live far away.,,,,,,,,,,,,,④據(jù)說他被迫辭職與受賄有關(guān)。 It is said that his being forced to resign is linked to bribery(受賄). ⑤The Chinese people have linked rice with Yuan Longping. (英譯漢) 中國人已經(jīng)將水稻和袁隆平聯(lián)系起來。,,,,,,,,,3. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. (P2) 因此每當(dāng)(霍亂)爆發(fā)時，就有成千上萬恐懼的人死亡。 這是一個復(fù)合句，every time是名詞短語充當(dāng)從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意思是“每當(dāng)……的時候”，相當(dāng)于each time。 Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happening between us.,,,,,能夠引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的名詞(詞組)或副詞還有： the moment/minute/second一……就；next time下次……的時候；the last time上次……的時候；immediately /directly/instantly一……就。,句型轉(zhuǎn)換(①—②) ①Whenever he spoke in public, he felt nervous. →Every time he spoke in public, he felt nervous. ②When we met last time, he said he had trouble with his study. →The last time we met , he said he had trouble with his study.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,③我一見到他就把你的信交給了他。 I gave your letter to him immediately / the moment / the instant / the minute / as soon as I saw him .,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,A Steve Jobs made technology fun. The co-founder of Apple died on Wednesday at the age of fifty-six. He had fought for years against cancer. Mourners gathered outside his house in Palo Alto, California, and Apple stores around the world.,Steve Jobs was a college dropout. He was adopted by a machinist and his wife, an accountant. They supported his early interest in electronics. He and his friend Steve Wozniak started Apple Computer—now just called Apple—in 1976. They stayed at the company until 1985. That year, Steve Wozniak returned to college and Steve Jobs left in a dispute(爭執(zhí)) with the chief executive.,Mr. Jobs then formed his own company, called NeXT Computer. He rejoined Apple in 1997 after it bought NeXT. He helped remake Apple from a business that was in bad shape then to one of the most valuable companies in the world today. Steve Wozniak, speaking on CNN, remembered his longtime friend as a “great visionary and leader” and a “marketing genius”.,President Obama said in a statement: “By building one of the planet’s most successful companies from his garage, he showed the spirit of American creativity. By making computers personal and putting the Internet in our pockets, he made the information revolution not only accessible, but intuitive(直觀的) and fun. ” David Carroll is a professor at Parsons School of Design in New York City. He says Steve Jobs not only revolutionized technology, but also revolutionized American business.,Steve Jobs stepped down as Apple’s chief executive in August because of his health. He died a day after the company released a new iPhone version that met with limited excitement. Apple’s new chief, Tim Cook, will also have to deal with the new Kindle Fire tablet computer from Amazon. com. It costs less than half as much as an iPad but also does less.,1. Which of the following is RIGHT about Steve Jobs? A. He graduated from college with excellent grades. B. He had great interest in electronics when he was young. C. He was brought up by his relatives. D. He was diagnosed with cancer the year before his death. 【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的They supported his early interest in electronics. 可知。,2. How long was it before Steve Jobs rejoined Apple? A. 10 years. B. 12 years. C. 21 years. D. 18 years. 【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的They stayed at the company until 1985. 和第四段的He rejoined Apple in 1997 after it bought NeXT. 可知。,3. When Steve Jobs rejoined Apple, the company______. A. didn’t buy NeXT B. was in terrible condition C. was in the charge of Steve Wozniak D. was one of the most valuable companies in the world 【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，蘋果公司收購了NeXT后，史蒂夫·喬布斯返回了蘋果公司，并且?guī)椭O果公司從困境中重生，使它成為世界上最具價值的公司之一。故選B。,4. According to the comment from Steve Wozniak, Obama and David Carroll, we can know Steve Jobs_____. A. was not good at marketing B. was not creative C. was not a good leader D. influenced American business 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)三位的評價可知A、B、C三項是錯誤的，D項是正確的。,5. What’s the best title of the passage? A. The reason why Steve Jobs died B. Steve Jobs, a man who revolutionized American business C. How Apple was created D. Apple’s future 【解析】選B。主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了已逝的原蘋果公司的總裁史蒂夫·喬布斯。故選B。,B Unlike modern animal scientists, dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs in order to know how they lived and whether they were good parents. Instead, they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs’ fossils (恐龍化石) because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.,It’s very difficult for the scientists to reach an agreement because different results can be got from the same fossils. Many fossils of the same kind of dinosaurs have been dug out from one place. They might have formed when an entire group of dinosaurs got stuck (陷入) all at once, or they might have been the result of dinosaurs getting stuck one after another over a course of a few centuries. Thus we can say that dinosaurs might have in the first case lived in big groups and in the second lived alone.,Though there are two different results, dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups. “That’s pretty much settled at this point, ” says Paul Sereno. A kind of dinosaurs called Sauropods left behind tracks in the western United States that appear to run north and south, suggesting that they even moved long distances together.,As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young, dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs—birds and crocodiles—for possible models. Birds give a lot of care to their young, while crocodiles just help their young to the water. The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their eggs and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking care of their babies, but we still cannot say that all dinosaurs did the same.,There is still a long way to go before the above questions could be answered. Dinosaur scientists will have to find more proofs to reach an agreement.,6. Dinosaur scientists can get information directly by_____. A. studying dinosaur fossils B. examining modern animals C. watching dinosaurs D. using telescopes,【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Instead, they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs’fossils because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago. ”，恐龍已經(jīng)滅絕了億萬年了，所以科學(xué)家只能研究化石得出結(jié)論。,7. What is pretty much settled according to Paul Sereno? A. Half of the dinosaurs lived alone. B. Most dinosaurs moved long distances. C. Many dinosaurs settled in the north. D. Some dinosaurs lived in big groups. 【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Though there are two different results, dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups. ”，說明研究恐龍的科學(xué)家們同意至少部分恐龍是群居的，選D。,8. Dinosaur scientists can probably know whether dinosaurs were good parents by_____. A. watching many kinds of animals B. studying dinosaurs’ living relatives C. following the tracks left behind D. working on dug-out dinosaur eggs,【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young, dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs—birds and crocodiles—for possible models. ”可知，科學(xué)家通過研究恐龍的近親——鳥和鱷魚——來推斷恐龍是否照顧小恐龍。,9. Which of the following is true according to the fourth paragraph? A. Birds hardly pay attention to their young. B. Baby crocodiles can look after themselves well. C. Some dinosaurs took care of their young. D. Birds and crocodiles take good care of their young.,【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段，鳥會照顧幼體，但是鱷魚不會。從恐龍孵蛋以及和幼體在一起的化石可以推斷出部分恐龍照顧幼體，但不能得出所有恐龍都照顧幼體的結(jié)論，故選C。,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,