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,動(dòng)詞過去分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式及動(dòng)詞的-ing形式稱為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，是高中階段學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，也是高考的?？純?nèi)容之一。學(xué)習(xí)過去分詞時(shí)應(yīng)該注意以下幾點(diǎn)：一、了解過去分詞的基本概念。二、掌握過去分詞的基本的用法。三、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞及不定式在具體應(yīng)用時(shí)的區(qū)別。,觀察下列句子，注意黑體字部分在句中的成分及作用 ①He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)水是從被倫敦排出的臟水污染了的河里來的。 ②But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但當(dāng)他想到要幫助那些得了霍亂病的普通百姓時(shí)，他感到很振奮。,句①中的黑體字部分在句中作定語(yǔ)。句②中的黑體字部分在句中作表語(yǔ)。,,,,,Ⅰ.過去分詞作定語(yǔ) 1. 不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞一般作前置定語(yǔ)，被修飾詞與過去分詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，但表示動(dòng)作的完成，相當(dāng)于謂語(yǔ)為完成時(shí)的定語(yǔ)從句。 ①an escaped prisoner = a prisoner who has escaped 一名逃犯 ②developed countries = countries that have developed發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家 ③the risen sun=the sun which has risen升起的太陽(yáng),,,,,,,2. 單個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞一般作前置定語(yǔ)；及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的過去分詞作定語(yǔ)要放在被修飾詞之后。被修飾詞與過去分詞之間為被動(dòng)及完成的關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于謂語(yǔ)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。 ①He is a respected teacher. 他是位受人尊敬的老師。 ②Teenagers exposed to (=who are exposed to) violence and sex on TV or on the Internet are more likely to commit crimes. 接觸暴力和色情電視節(jié)目和網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)容的青少年極容易犯罪。,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅱ. 過去分詞作表語(yǔ) 過去分詞作表語(yǔ)，常放在系動(dòng)詞be，get，become，grow，turn，remain，seem，appear，feel，look之后，這時(shí)候的過去分詞常已具備形容詞的特點(diǎn)，很多詞的前面可以用quite，very，rather等副詞修飾，后面?？梢越觓t，with，about等介詞，說明主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。,①The hall was crowded with (擠滿) refugees. ②Most of middle school students are interested in (對(duì)……感興趣)pop stars and NBA star players. ③He appeared (looked, felt )a little excited when he saw his boss. 當(dāng)他見到他的老板時(shí)，他顯得(看上去/感到)有點(diǎn)激動(dòng)。,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,④The river is badly polluted. 這條河受到了嚴(yán)重的污染。(系表結(jié)構(gòu)) ⑤The river was polluted by a paper mill. 這條河被一家造紙廠污染了。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)),1. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ①Used plastic can be recycled and reused. →Plastic that is used can be recycled and reused. ②The plan that was put forward by the Trade Union was constructive. →The plan put forward by the Trade Union was constructive.,,,,,,,,,,,③Things that are seen are mightier than things that are heard. →Things seen are mightier than things heard. ④You must drink boiled water, or you can buy bottled water. →You must drink water that has boiled, or you can buy water that is bottled.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2. 根據(jù)英語(yǔ)及漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子 ①Those who were wounded in the fight (打架受傷的那些人) were sent to hospital at once. (those) ②The truck was blocked by a fallen tree (被一棵倒下的樹擋住了). (fall) ③For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on his own farm (自己農(nóng)場(chǎng)里種植的). (grow),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3. 單項(xiàng)填空 ①The players _____from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. ［2011湖南高考］ A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected 【解析】選C。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這些從全國(guó)挑選出來的選手都被期待在這次夏季賽事中為我們帶來榮譽(yù)。the players與select是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。,②Throughout history, the language______ by a powerful group spreads across a civilization. A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. to be spoken 【解析】選B?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：縱觀歷史，一個(gè)強(qiáng)大群體使用的語(yǔ)言傳播著一種文明。spoken by a powerful group是過去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾the language，the language與speak之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。,③In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained _____ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. ［2010福建高考］ A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 【解析】選B。remain是系動(dòng)詞，后接過去分詞短語(yǔ)stuck abroad作表語(yǔ)，表明主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。句意為：由于火山灰云的原因，四月份仍有數(shù)千度假者滯留在國(guó)外。,④He looked at me with an____ look. Obviously he was____. A. interested；interested B. interesting；interested C. interested；interesting D. interesting；interesting 【解析】選A。考查interest的非謂語(yǔ)形式作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。interesting“有趣的”，interested“感興趣的”。由句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。,4. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)釋義完成句子 ①老師對(duì)他的回答感到非常滿意。 The teacher was very satisfied with his answer. ②他對(duì)考試的結(jié)果很失望。 He was disappointed at the result of the examination. ③他一生致力于科學(xué)研究。 He was devoted to scientific research all his life.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,④他的女兒嫁給了一位有錢人。 His daughter was married to a rich man. ⑤他害怕獨(dú)自一人進(jìn)入那個(gè)空房子。 He was frightened of going alone into the empty house.,,,,,,,,,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,