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Unit 2 English around the world 英語(yǔ)遍及全世界,本講目錄,,1．He told us that his dream is to become a teacher with a ____________(廣博的)knowledge of many subjects. 2．He____________(復(fù)述)several times that he was busy. 3．With the help of____________(國(guó)際的)exchange programme，more and more teenagers go abroad for studies. 4．For the____________(大多數(shù))of Chinese people in big cities，boys and girls should receive the same education.,broad,repeated,international,majority,5．He is good at playing basketball；no one in his class can____________(比得上)him. 6．We____________(交換)our opinions about the event at the meeting. 7．“Haier” is a good brand in China because of its excellent quality and____________(服務(wù))． 8．Once a child reaches the age of 18，he should be encouraged to live_______________(獨(dú)立地)． 9．As is known to us，the telephone is a good means of________________.That is to say,we can______________ with others by telephone.(communicate),equal,exchanged,service,independently,communication,communicate,10．用pronounce的適當(dāng)形式填空： (1)He ____________the country to be in a state of war. (2)We all thought that Mary’s________________was the best.,pronounced,pronunciation,1．______________________ 別客氣 2．________________ 總共 3．________________ 除了……之外 4．______________________________ 精通，熟悉 5．________________ 不睡；熬夜 6．________________ 發(fā)生 7．________________ 以……告終 8．________________ 引進(jìn)，引來(lái) 9．________________ 許許多多；極多 10．________________ 與……交流 11．________________ 或多或少 12．_____________________________________ 做某事有(沒(méi)有)困難,make oneself at home,in total,except for,(have) a good knowledge of,stay up,come about,end up with,bring in,a great many,communicate with,more or less,have (no) difficulty/trouble in doing sth.,1．__________________________Joe can’t find in the bathroom? 喬在浴室中找不到的東西是什么？ 2．__________________________________________in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. 有這么多的人每天用英語(yǔ)交流，精通英語(yǔ)將會(huì)變得越來(lái) 越重要。,What is it that,With so many people communicating,3．For a long time the language in America________________，______________the language in England changed. 很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間美國(guó)語(yǔ)言沒(méi)變化，然而英國(guó)語(yǔ)言變化了。 4．However，most of the time people from the two countries do not ______________________________________each other. 然而，在大部分情況下這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的人們彼此聽(tīng)懂對(duì)方的語(yǔ)言沒(méi)有困難。,stayed the same,while,have any difficulty in understanding,1.majority n． 大多數(shù)，大半 (教材P10)There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English. 有42個(gè)以上的國(guó)家中的大多數(shù)人說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。 ①The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.大多數(shù)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為吸煙有害健康。 ②(牛津P1220)The majority was/were in favour of banning smoking.大多數(shù)人支持禁煙。,③(牛津P1220)In the nursing profession，women are in a/the majority.女性在護(hù)理行業(yè)中占大多數(shù)。 ④(牛津P1220)She was elected by a majority of 749. 她以749票中的多數(shù)票當(dāng)選。,歸納拓展,[即境活用] 1．—What are the boys’ favourite sports? —________of them are crazy about football and basketball. A．None B．The majority C．Every D．The most 解析：選B。the majority of后面的名詞前面可用限定詞，也可不用限定詞。D項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為most of them或most boys。句意: “男孩最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)是什么？”“大部分男孩喜歡踢足球和打籃球。”,2．完成句子 我們居住的國(guó)家，婦女占大多數(shù)。 We live in a country where women ________________.,are in the majority,①It is equal to me whether he will come to my wedding or not.他來(lái)不來(lái)參加我的婚禮對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)都一樣。 ②It is reasonable to demand equal pay for equal work. 要求同工同酬是合理的。 ③He does not seem (to be) equal to meeting our demands.That’s to say，he won’t be equal to doing the work. 他似乎不太合乎我們的要求。也就是說(shuō)，他可能不會(huì)勝任做那項(xiàng)工作。 ④Boys and girls are equal，and thus they should be treated fairly.男孩女孩是平等的，因此應(yīng)公平地對(duì)待他們。,(2)n.同等的人或事物 ⑤(牛津P672)She treats the people who work for her as her equals.她以同等的身份對(duì)待為她工作的人。 (3)v.等于，與……相匹敵 ⑥None of us can equal her，either in beauty or as a dancer. 不論是容貌還是舞藝，我們都比不上她。,[即境活用] 3．(2012·高考福建卷)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ________ respected. A．especially B．equally C．naturally D．normally 解析：選B。考查副詞詞義。A項(xiàng)為“尤其，特別”；B項(xiàng)為“平等地，同樣地”；C項(xiàng)為“自然地”；D項(xiàng)為“正常 地”。由題干句意“任何人，不管他是一名官員還是一名公共汽車司機(jī),都應(yīng)該受到同樣的尊敬”可準(zhǔn)確選擇答案為B.,pare vt. 比較，對(duì)照；比喻，比作 vi. 相比，匹敵 (教材P14)Write a short passage in which you compare American and British English or dialects in Chinese. 用漢語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文，比較一下美國(guó)英語(yǔ)和英國(guó)英語(yǔ)的異同。 (1)compare.to.把……比作…… ①We often compare children to flowers of our country. 我們常常把孩子比作祖國(guó)的花朵。,(2)compare.with.把……和……相比 ②When compared with the size of the whole earth，the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. 和整個(gè)地球相比，最大的海洋也不顯得大了。 ③Don’t compare yourself with the models and actors in the media.不要拿自己與媒體上的模特和演員相比。 (3)compare with.匹敵，可與……相比 ④Living in a town can’t compare with living in the country in many respects.在許多方面城市生活比不上鄉(xiāng)村生活。,歸納拓展 (1)compared with/to用作非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示“與……比較”，只能用過(guò)去分詞形式而不能用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 (2)compare notes交換意見(jiàn) ⑤Compared to our small apartment，our uncle’s house seemed like a palace. 和我們的小公寓比起來(lái)，叔叔的房子就像宮殿一樣。 ⑥Compared with/to many women，she was indeed very fortunate.和許多婦女比起來(lái)，她的確很幸運(yùn)。 ⑦We met after the exam to compare notes on how well we had done.考試后我們聚在一起，談了各自的考試情況。,【高效記憶】,[即境活用] 4.(2012·高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________such art forms as music and painting. A．having compared to B．comparing to C．compare to D．compared to 解析：選D?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句子的主語(yǔ)是film，它和compare之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)形式。因此只能選擇D項(xiàng),“when compared to.”相當(dāng)于when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的省略,補(bǔ)全后為：when it is compared to.。句意：電影的歷史短得多,尤其是它與諸如音樂(lè)、繪畫(huà)等藝術(shù)形式相比較時(shí).,4.replace vt. 放回，置于原處；代替，取代 (教材P14)Replace difficult words with simple ones. 用簡(jiǎn)單詞匯替換難詞。 (1)代替，取代 ①(牛津P1688)It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks.不吃正餐,改吃點(diǎn)心,這不是什么好主意。 ② (2012·高考安徽卷·閱讀理解E)It has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already. 它(新科技)會(huì)更好，以至于它將取代我們已經(jīng)擁有的東西。,(2)放回，置于原處 ③You have to replace the books on the shelves before you leave.你離開(kāi)之前必須把書(shū)放回書(shū)架上。 ④He replaced the receiver and hurried out of the room. 他放下電話聽(tīng)筒，急忙走出了房間。,[易混辨析] in place of，instead of，take the place of，replace,[即境活用] 5．用in place of，take the place of，replace,instead of填空. (1)就我個(gè)人而言，課堂上電腦永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)取代老師。 As far as I’m concerned，______________________________by computers in class. (2)我們的班長(zhǎng)生病了，因此老師讓我替代他。 Our monitor is ill today，so my teacher asked me to__________________________him. (3)他是乘汽車來(lái)的而不是乘火車。 He came here by bus______________by train.,teachers will never be replaced,replace/take the place of,instead of,(4)他不適合這項(xiàng)工作，我們另雇了個(gè)人代替他。 He is not fit for the job.We’ve hired a new one ______________him.,in place of,【高效記憶】,①(牛津P691)I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.我與經(jīng)理握手，相互交談了幾句。 ②I’d rather exchange seats with my deskmate. 我想和同桌交換一下座位。 ③I’d like to exchange some pounds for dollars. 我想把一些英鎊兌換成美金。 ④(2012·高考北京卷·閱讀理解A) If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. 如果這個(gè)課程無(wú)法讓你完全滿意，你可以很容易地把它換成我們提供的任何其他課程。,[即境活用] 6．It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money________favors to them. A．in preference to B．in place of C．in agreement with D．in exchange for 解析：選D。考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：公共官員要求人們送禮或金錢來(lái)給他們換取好處是違法的。A項(xiàng)意為“優(yōu)先 于”；B項(xiàng)意為“代替”；C項(xiàng)意為“同意”；D項(xiàng)意為“交 換”。根據(jù)句意選D。,7．完成句子 在會(huì)上，我們將有機(jī)會(huì)交流英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 We’ll have an opportunity to_________________________in learning English at the meeting.,exchange our experience,e about 發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，造成(常用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句) (教材P12)How did these differences come about? 這些不同是怎么產(chǎn)生的呢？ ①It’s already 10 o’clock.I wonder how it came about that she was two hours late on such a short trip. 已經(jīng)10點(diǎn)鐘了。我想知道在這么短的路程里她遲到兩小時(shí)是怎么回事。 ②How did it come about that humans speak so many different languages？人類會(huì)說(shuō)這么多種不同的語(yǔ)言，這種情況是如何產(chǎn)生的呢？,[易混辨析] come about，happen，take place，break out,[即境活用] 8．用come about，break out，take place，happen填空。 (1)幸虧地震沒(méi)有發(fā)生在市中心。 Luckily，the earthquake didn’t ____________in the center of the city. (2)火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)我正在睡覺(jué)，然后火迅速蔓延。 I was still sleeping when the fire____________，and then it spread quickly.,happen,broke out,(3)2011夏季世界大學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)如期在深圳舉行，結(jié)果非 常成功。 The 2011 Summer World university Games ____________in Shenzhen as planned and turned out to be a great success. (4)他是怎么知道我們?cè)谑裁吹胤降哪兀?How did it ______________that he knew where we were?,took place,come about,7.a great many 許多 (教材P14)There are a great many American Indian words，for example“to howl”means“to cry”． 有大量的美國(guó)印第安詞匯，例如，“to howl”意為“to cry”。 ①(牛津P1230)I have known her for a great many years. 我認(rèn)識(shí)她好多年了。 ②He has read a great many of the books in this library. 他讀過(guò)很多這個(gè)圖書(shū)館里的書(shū)。,歸納拓展,③A large number of students have been admitted to universities. 許多學(xué)生被大學(xué)錄取。 ④A great deal of money was spent on the project. 那項(xiàng)工程花費(fèi)了大量金錢。,[即境活用] 9．The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took________pictures of them. A．many of B．a(chǎn) great many C．the number of D．a(chǎn) large amount 解析：選B。a great many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；the number of……的數(shù)量；a large amount of大量的，后接不可數(shù)名詞；many of后接前面帶有定冠詞的名詞,意思是“……中的許多”.,8.except for 除了……之外 (教材P10)In China students learn English at school as a foreign language，except for those in Hong Kong，where many people speak English as a first or a second language. 除了香港有許多人把英語(yǔ)當(dāng)作第一或第二語(yǔ)言外，中國(guó)學(xué)生都把英語(yǔ)作為外語(yǔ)來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。 ①Smith is a good man，except for his bad temper. 史密斯是個(gè)好人，只是脾氣不好。 ②The movie is good except for its ending which seems a little plain.這部電影很好，只是結(jié)尾似乎有點(diǎn)平淡。,[易混辨析] but，except，except that，besides,[即境活用] 10．用but，except，except that/wh-，besides填空。 (1)除了在報(bào)紙上讀過(guò)的內(nèi)容，我對(duì)那場(chǎng)事故一無(wú)所知。 I know nothing about the accident ________________I read in the newspaper. (2)除瑪麗外大家都去了圖書(shū)館，因?yàn)槟翘焖龥](méi)在。 Everybody went to visit the library ________________Mary because she was absent that day.,except what,except/but,(3)他是個(gè)好學(xué)生，只是偶爾有些粗心。 He is a good student ________________he is occasionally careless. (4)除了有幾個(gè)拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤之外，你的文章寫(xiě)得很好。 Your composition is well written ______________a few spelling mistakes. (5)現(xiàn)在出去太晚了，而且開(kāi)始下雨。 It’s too late to go out now.__________,it’s beginning to rain.,except that,except for,Besides,1.(教材P8)What is it that Joe can’t find in the bathroom? 喬在浴室里究竟找不到什么？ [句法分析] 本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)式，由“疑問(wèn)詞＋is/was＋it＋that/who.”構(gòu)成。,歸納拓展 (1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“It is/was＋強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分”，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用that或who皆可，其他情況連接詞一般用that。 (2)一般疑問(wèn)句形式：Is/Was it＋強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋ 其他部分？ (3)特殊疑問(wèn)句形式：What/Why/Where/How/Who等疑問(wèn)詞＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋其他部分？若以who提問(wèn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)詞通常用that而不用who，即Who is/was it that.(此處不用who)。,①It was only when I read the newspaper that I learned that he had been killed in the air crash. 只是當(dāng)我讀報(bào)紙時(shí)我才得知他已經(jīng)死于那場(chǎng)空難。 ②Was it in the street that you saw her yesterday? 昨天你是在街上見(jiàn)到她的嗎？ ③Where was it that you met him last night? 你昨晚到底在什么地方遇見(jiàn)的他？,[即境活用] 11．完成句子 直到那年從非洲回來(lái)他才遇到那個(gè)他想與之結(jié)婚的女孩。 It was________________he came back from Africa that year________he met the girl he would like to marry. 12．(2012·高考湖南卷)It was not until I came here ________ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. A．who B．that C．where D．before,not until,that,解析：選B?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：直到來(lái)到這里我才意識(shí)到這個(gè)地方不僅因?yàn)樗拿利惗劽?，還因它的天氣而聞 名。句中出現(xiàn)not until結(jié)構(gòu)，且not與until放在一起使用。能夠出現(xiàn)這種情況的句型有兩種：①It is/was not until.that.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；②Not until.部分倒裝句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可確定答案。此外，我們也可以將It is/was與空格去掉來(lái)驗(yàn)證此句是否是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句。,2.(教材P11)With so many people communicating in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. 有這么多的人每天用英語(yǔ)交流,精通英語(yǔ)將會(huì)變得越來(lái)越重要.,①It is bad manners to talk with your mouth full. 嘴里滿含食物說(shuō)話是不禮貌的。 ②With so much homework to do，he felt upset. 有這么多的作業(yè)要做，他感到很著急。 ③With so many children laughing and talking，the room was lively.這么多孩子又說(shuō)又笑，房間里充滿生機(jī)。 ④You had no idea how she finished the relay race with her foot wounded so much.你根本不知道，在腳傷得那么厲害的情況下她是怎樣完成接力比賽的。 ⑤Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 安德森身上穿著衣服，躺在床上。 ⑥He went out into the dark street with a stick in his hand. 手里拿著根木棍，他走進(jìn)漆黑的街道。,[即境活用] 13．(2011·高考湖北卷)“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！”the mother shouted，with________ clearly in her voice. A．a(chǎn)nger B．rudeness C．regret D．panic 解析：選D。句意：“Tommy,快跑！快點(diǎn)！房子著火了！”母親大聲喊著，聲音中明顯透著恐慌。anger生氣；rudeness粗魯；regret后悔；panic恐慌。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。,3.(教材P13)However，most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other. 然而，在大部分情況下這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的人們彼此聽(tīng)懂對(duì)方的語(yǔ)言沒(méi)有困難。 [句法分析] have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困難 (1)difficulty在該短語(yǔ)中是不可數(shù)名詞,其前可用much，little, no，any，some等修飾。 (2)have difficulty with sth.和There is difficulty (in) doing sth./with sth.句型都表示“做某事有困難”。,(3)以上短語(yǔ)和句型中的difficulty都可以用trouble替換。 ①Every time he had a chance，he would talk about the great difficulty he had settling in the new country. 每次他有機(jī)會(huì)，他會(huì)談?wù)摱ň釉谀莻€(gè)新國(guó)家所經(jīng)歷的困難。 ②He has much difficulty/trouble with his English pronunciation.他在英語(yǔ)發(fā)音方面有很大困難。 ③There is no difficulty/trouble (in) finding his house. 找到他的家毫不費(fèi)力。 ④(牛津P554)I had no difficulty (in) making myself understood.我毫不費(fèi)力地表達(dá)了自己的意思。,[即境活用] 14．I had great difficulty________the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. A．find B．found C．to find D．finding 解析：選D。句意：在那個(gè)餐館，我很難從菜單上找到合適的食物。have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing(做……有困難)是固定搭配，所以選D項(xiàng)。,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,