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課時(shí)20 書面表達(dá)（八）-議論文 Ⅰ.短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)畫掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 Last summer I learnt to ride a bicycle. At first， I was able to control its direction. Sometimes I fall to the right or to the left. I was worrying， asking my father impatiently why he couldnt ride straight. So he didnt answer me directly. Instead of， he took me to side of the street. “Can you find bike tracks that is really straight？” asked my father. I watched careful and shook my head. “No，” he said. “In fact， none of the tracks is always straight. But just by correct the direction every now and then， you have already gone forward.” 答案： Last summer I learnt to ride a bicycle. At first, I was to control its direction. Sometimes I to the right or to the left. I was ， asking my father impatiently why couldnt ride straight. he didnt answer me directly. Instead of\, he took me to side of the street. “Can you find bike tracks that really straight？” asked my father. I watched and shook my head. “No，” he said. “In fact, none of the tracks is always straight. But just by the direction every now and then, you have already gone forward.” Ⅱ.書面表達(dá) 假定你是李華，下面四幅圖畫描繪了發(fā)生在你上學(xué)路上的一件事情，請根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇短文。 注意：1.短文須包括所有圖畫的主要內(nèi)容； 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使短文內(nèi)容連貫、完整； 3.詞數(shù)：100左右。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [參考范文] I was walking to school this morning when I caught sight of an old woman with a walking stick lying on the ground. I quickly ran over to help her up and asked her what was wrong with her. She told me she slipped and fell due to heart trouble. I was worried and decided to take her to a hospital. And then I went to a department store near the hospital and contacted her family. Soon her son and daughter came to the hospital. They thanked and praised me for my kindness by writing me a thankyou letter. Although I was late for school today， I felt very proud of what I had done. 階段回顧(規(guī)范練十六～二十) [單詞積累] 1.spacious adj.　　 廣闊的；廣博的 2.necessity n. 必需品 3.launch v. 發(fā)射 4.significant adj. 重要的 5.maintain v. 保持 6.identical adj. 相同的 　　 n. 相同的事物 7.barrier n. 障礙物 8.signature n. 簽名 9.virtue n. 美德 10.definitely adv. 明確地 11.interaction n. 互動(dòng) 12.fulfill v. 實(shí)現(xiàn)；執(zhí)行 13.brilliant adj. 好的；有才華的 14.host v. & n. 主辦，主持；主人 15.reveal v. & n. 揭露 16.respectively adv. 各自地；依次地，分別地 17.revival n. 復(fù)興；復(fù)活 18.assurance n. 保證；擔(dān)保 19.provenance n. 出處 20.dimensional adj. 空間的；尺寸的 [短語整理] 1.pursue ones dream 追求某人的夢想 2.stick to 堅(jiān)持 3.stand up against sth. 抵抗或反對某人 4.set about doing sth. 開始做某事 5.well up 涌出；涌現(xiàn) [難句分析] 1.Our accessible rooms have features designed for our disabled guests. [分析]　designed for ...為過去分詞短語，design“設(shè)計(jì)”與features“特點(diǎn)”之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞形式表被動(dòng)，在句中作后置定語。 [翻譯]　我們的無障礙客房具備一些專門為殘疾客人設(shè)計(jì)的特點(diǎn)。 2.She thought of quitting， but considering the career in which her husband took pride， she stuck to it. [分析]　此句為并列復(fù)合句。but連接兩個(gè)并列分句，在第二個(gè)分句中，considering... pride為狀語，in which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾career。 [翻譯]　她想過放棄，但考慮到這是丈夫引以為豪的事業(yè)，她堅(jiān)持下來了。 3.In Chinese culture， certain numbers are considered “l(fā)ucky” because their pronunciations sound similar to words that have “l(fā)ucky” meanings. [分析]　這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。在這個(gè)原因狀語從句中還包含一個(gè)定語從句，即that have “l(fā)ucky” meanings，修飾先行詞words。 [翻譯]　在中國文化里，某些數(shù)字被認(rèn)為是幸運(yùn)的，因?yàn)樗麄兊陌l(fā)音聽起來與含有“幸運(yùn)”意義的詞的發(fā)音類似。 4.A study found going without sleep for just one night causes changes in the brain similar to those that occur after a blow to the head. [分析]　本句為復(fù)合句。found后是一個(gè)省略了引導(dǎo)詞的賓語從句，且該賓語從句中，going without sleep for just one night為動(dòng)名詞短語作從句的主語，causes為從句的謂語動(dòng)詞，changes為賓語。that occur after a blow to the head為that引導(dǎo)的修飾先行詞those的定語從句。 [翻譯]　一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，只通宵一晚給大腦引起的變化與頭部遭到重?fù)糁蟀l(fā)生的相似。 5.The researchers said the healthy young men examined in the study showed a sudden increase in the same chemicals which indicate brain damage. [分析]　本句為復(fù)合句。said后接了一個(gè)省略引導(dǎo)詞的賓語從句，在該從句中，examined in the study為過去分詞短語作men的后置定語；which indicate brain damage是which引導(dǎo)的修飾先行詞chemicals的定語從句。 [翻譯]　研究人員說，研究中接受檢查的這些健康的年輕人均在同樣的預(yù)示著腦損傷的化學(xué)物質(zhì)上表現(xiàn)出了一種突增。 6.The Courthouse Centre for the Arts offers summer camp educational workshops and fine arts programs to kids who want to learn about theatre， dance， classical music and different art mediums. [分析]　這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。句中who引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為kids。 [翻譯]　Courthouse藝術(shù)中心為想學(xué)習(xí)戲劇、舞蹈、古典音樂和不同的藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)方式的孩子提供夏令營教育講習(xí)班和美術(shù)項(xiàng)目。 7.My purse was right next to the door， but Rhubarb had scared the robber away before he or she could steal it. [分析]　句中but連接兩個(gè)有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列分句，第二個(gè)分句中before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 [翻譯]　我的錢包就在門旁邊，但小偷還沒來得及偷走它就被Rhubarb給嚇跑了。 8.I am going/will go abroad tomorrow， but I would be very happy if we could write to each other. [分析]　這是一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句。連詞but連接前后兩個(gè)分句，第二個(gè)分句中含有if條件句。 [翻譯]　明天我要出國了，但是如果我們能給彼此寫信的話，我會很高興的。 9.It is very significant that we have acute consumers who are prepared to trade up to the foods where they want the best quality and assurances of provenance. [分析]　這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句中It作形式主語，真正的主語為that引導(dǎo)的從句。主語從句中who引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為consumers； where引導(dǎo)定語從句。 [翻譯]　非常重要的是，我們有敏銳的消費(fèi)者，他們準(zhǔn)備買優(yōu)質(zhì)且有生產(chǎn)地保證的食物。