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Unit 3 A healthy life Section Ⅲ Grammar [夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)] Ⅰ. 用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空 1. It is the first time that Mr. Smith________________(visit) China. 答案：has visited 2. It is time that the government________________(take) measures to protect the rare birds. 答案：took/should take 3. It was the first time that the boy________________(go) home alone. 答案：had gone 4. Its high time that the article________________(publish)． 答案：were published 5. It is my first time________________(write) a letter in English. 答案：to write 6. Its time for you________________(clean) the classroom. 答案：to clean Ⅱ. 完成句子 1. __________________complaining all day. (use) 整天抱怨是沒有用的。 答案：It is no use 2. I______________________when people use my new computer. (hate) 我很討厭別人用我的新電腦。 答案：hate it 3. __________________that he has gone abroad. (say) 據(jù)說(shuō)他已出國(guó)了。 答案：It is said 4. It is difficult__________________.(translate) 翻譯這篇文章很難。 答案：to translate this article 5. You________________that he is very smart. (depend) 你就相信他吧，他非常聰明。 答案：can depend on it 6. ______________________to finish my homework. (take) 完成作業(yè)花費(fèi)了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。 答案：It took me two hours 7. We________________that we finished the work on time. (owe) 多虧了你我們才按時(shí)完成了這項(xiàng)工作。 答案：owe it to you 8. __________________they should get up early. (suggest) 建議他們?cè)缙鸫病? 答案：It was suggested that 9. My mother____________________that she gets up before dawn. (make) 我媽媽習(xí)慣了黎明前起床。 答案：makes it a rule 10. It gave me great pleasure______________.(see) 看電影讓我很高興。 答案：to see the movie Ⅲ. 單句語(yǔ)法填空(不多于3個(gè)單詞) 1. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but________didnt help. 答案：it　考查it用作代詞的用法。句意：湯姆的媽媽一直告訴他要努力學(xué)習(xí)，但是作用不大。it指代“媽媽告訴他要努力學(xué)習(xí)”這件事。 2. They are good friends. ________is no wonder that they know each other so well. 答案：It　考查“It is＋名詞(詞組)＋主語(yǔ)從句”。it是形式主語(yǔ)，其他選項(xiàng)不能用作形式主語(yǔ)。句意：他們是好朋友，難怪他們彼此如此了解。 3. Does________matter what colour it is? 答案：it　考查it作形式主語(yǔ)。句意：它是什么顏色重要嗎？所填的詞要充當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是what引導(dǎo)的從句，故用it。 4. ________is my suggestion that you quit smoking. 答案：It　it在此作形式主語(yǔ)，代替that從句。句意：我的建議是你該戒煙。 5. The Parkers bought a new house but________will need a lot of work before they can move in. 答案：it　考查it用作代詞。it在此作替代詞，指代上文出現(xiàn)的a new house。句意：帕克一家買了一棟新房子，但是在搬進(jìn)去之前需要做大量的工作。 6. That was really a splendid evening. Its years________I enjoyed myself so much. 答案：since　考查固定句型It is＋時(shí)間段＋since＋從句。句意：那是極好的一個(gè)晚上，好多年我都沒玩的那么高興了。 7. I hate________when people talk with their mouths full. 答案：it　考查it作形式賓語(yǔ)的用法，when引導(dǎo)真正的賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：我痛恨人們?cè)跐M嘴食物時(shí)說(shuō)話。 8. Come and see me whenever________is convenient to you. 答案：it　考查固定句式。It is convenient to sb. “在某人方便的時(shí)候”。句意：在你方便的時(shí)候來(lái)看望我。 9. It is no good________(talk) without doing anything. 答案：talking　考查句型It is no good doing sth. “做某事沒用”。句意：不做事，只說(shuō)話沒用。 10. ________(be) a hot day, I decided to go for a swim. 答案：It being　考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：大熱天，我決定去游泳。句中沒有連詞，故it being a hot day為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。 [提升實(shí)戰(zhàn)能力] Ⅳ. 閱讀理解 [2013福建高考]When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet(圖章) ring. They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials(姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven. What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasnt being “replaced”. Wed been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything－so most of the“new” stuff(東西) we got was really just to replace what wed lost. But not my ring. My ring was new. Then，only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away . Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasnt my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other giftgiving occasion . Mum noticed my questioning look. “Youll recognize this one，” she said, smiling. Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet right inside. The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets . When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring. Theyd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother. And it still fits me. 本文為記敘文，題材為人物故事。作者講述了自己13歲的生日禮物，一枚圖章戒指，15年后失而復(fù)得的故事。 1. The underlined word “in” in the first paragraph probably means “________”. A. fashionable　　　　　　 B. available C. practical D. renewable 答案：A　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文it seemed every girl except me had one(除了我以外，似乎每個(gè)女孩子都擁有一枚)可推斷出，圖章戒指在當(dāng)時(shí)是非常時(shí)髦的(fashionable)東西。available可獲得的；practical實(shí)用的；renewable可更新的。 2. When she got the ring back, the writer was about________. A. 13 years old B. 15 years old C. 26 years old D. 28 years old 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知作者是在13歲生日時(shí)得到的戒指；根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，兩年后作者一家賣掉了房子，當(dāng)時(shí)她應(yīng)該是15歲；再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句可知，13年前買房的那家人因?yàn)檠b修而發(fā)現(xiàn)了這枚戒指。根據(jù)以上細(xì)節(jié)計(jì)算，作者重獲戒指時(shí)應(yīng)該是28歲。 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The writers family moved several times. B. The writer never stopped looking for her ring. C. The writers ring was cleaned up by the new house owner. D. The writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off. 答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中Years passed，and a couple of moves later可知答案選A(作者一家?guī)锥劝徇w)。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句可知B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句中professionally cleaned up by a jeweler可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段第二句可知D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。 4. What would be the best title for the passage? A. My New Ring B. Lost and Found C. Lost and Replaced D. An Expensive Ring 答案：B　主旨大意題。作者講述自己的圖章戒指失而復(fù)得的故事，故B項(xiàng)Lost and Found符合文意。 Ⅴ. 七選五 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 [2014北京高考] Evaluating Sources (來(lái)源) of Health Information Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.___1___ Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. ___2___ Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. ___3___ Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it. Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. ___4___ Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery (江湖騙術(shù))． ___5___ Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us. Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life. A. Make choices that are right for you. B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C. Be sure to work through the critical questions. D. And examine the findings of the original research. E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view. G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources. 本文為說(shuō)明文。作者針對(duì)如何識(shí)別正確的健康信息提供了一些建議。 1. G　根據(jù)文章第二段、第三段、第四段的首句可以看出作者提供了一些建議，因此本空引出了下文的多個(gè)建議，故選擇G項(xiàng)。 2. D　根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Go to the original source.”可以看出D選項(xiàng)“And examine the findings of the original research.”與第二段內(nèi)容匹配。 3. F　根據(jù)第三段第一句“Watch for misleading language.”可以看出F項(xiàng)“Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained...”與本段內(nèi)容匹配。 4. B　空格處前一句中出現(xiàn)的advertisements與B項(xiàng)中的ad對(duì)應(yīng)，因此選擇B項(xiàng)。 5. A　空格后的“...that works for us.”與A項(xiàng)“Make choices that are right for you.”對(duì)應(yīng)，故選擇A項(xiàng)。 Ⅵ. 語(yǔ)法填空 One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment __1__ (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me __2__ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man __3__ (sit) at the front. He __4__ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be __5___ (mental) disabled. Behind him were other people to __6__ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes __7___ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed. I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him __8__ his own either. After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had __9__ amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home. Im glad I made a choice. It made __10__ of us feel good. 1. ________　2. ________　3. ________　4. ________ 5. ________　6. ________　7. ________　8. ________ 9. ________　10. ________ 本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了“我”的一次坐車經(jīng)歷：在公交車上遇到一個(gè)好像是弱智的人，其他人都躲開了，而“我”走近了他，和他聊起來(lái)，一路上“我”倆都很高興。 1. later　 考查副詞的用法。我離開得較早因?yàn)槟翘焱硇r(shí)候我有個(gè)約會(huì)。 2. till/until　考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。我的朋友一直陪我直到公共汽車來(lái)。 3. sitting/sit　 考查動(dòng)詞的用法。notice sb. doing/do sth.意為“注意到某人正在做某事/做了某事”。 4. was pretending 　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由giving it a voice可知用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 5. mentally　考查副詞的用法。此處disabled是形容詞，用副詞修飾。 6. whom　 考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。此處he was trying to talk to是定語(yǔ)從句，people是先行詞，whom作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)。 7. they　 考查代詞的用法。他們走開然后坐在我的旁邊。 8. on　 考查詞組的用法。此處考查詞組on ones own(＝alone)。 9. an　考查冠詞的用法。amazing是以元音音素開頭，故用an。 10. both　 考查代詞的用法。由上文We had________amazing conversation可知“我們倆”都很高興。