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Unit 2 Attitude to Life Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．The weather turned warm (unexpected)，making the trees burst into leaves. 答案：unexpectedly 2．The old man lived in the (desert) old house ten years ago. 答案：deserted 3．Most of the people present at the meeting think (poor) of the proposal. 答案：poorly 4．No sooner had he finished his speech the students started cheering. 答案：than 5．The more you speak English， better your English will become. 答案：the 6．They will stay inside unless it stops (rain)tomorrow. 答案：raining 7．The Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks， (add) that he had enjoyed his stay here. 答案：adding 8． (expose)to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. 答案：Being exposed 9．I really appreciate your (call) back this afternoon. 答案：calling 10．Eugene’s never willing to alter any of his opinions.It’s no use (argue)with him. 答案：arguing Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A (2016淄博高三模擬)The longer a teenager spends using electronic devices such as computers and smartphones，the worse their sleep will be，a study of nearly 10，000 16 to 19yearolds suggests. More than two hours of screen time after school was strongly linked to both delayed and shorter sleep.Almost all the teens from Norway said they used the devices shortly before going to bed.Many said they often got less than five hours sleep a night. The teens were asked questions about their sleep routine on weekdays and at weekends，as well as how much screen time they clocked up outside school hours.On average，girls said they spent around five and a half hours a day watching TV or using computers，smartphones or other electronic devices.And boys spent slightly more time in front of a screen—around six and a half hours a day，on average.Playing computer games was more popular among the boys，whereas girls were more likely to spend their time chatting online! Any type of screen use during the day and in the hour before bedtime appeared to disturb sleep—making it more difficult for teenagers to nod off．And the more hours they spent on these devices，the more disturbed their sleep became.When daytime screen use totalled four or more hours，teens had a 49% greater risk of taking longer than an hour to fall asleep.These teens also tended to get less than five hours of sleep per night. Dr.Hysing said her findings had suggestions for the wider population as so many people use these devices.“We know that sufficient sleep is essential for good physical and mental health.Logging off may be one important step toward securing a good night’s sleep.” Prof Russell Foster，an expert at the University of Oxford，said，“This is an important study as it provides practical evidence that the use of electronic devices before bed does indeed reduce sleep duration.”He said teenagers should be warned of this. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，青少年花在電子設(shè)備上的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，睡眠時(shí)間就越短，睡眠質(zhì)量也越差。因?yàn)樽銐虻乃邔?duì)于身心健康有好處，所以青少年們?cè)谒皯?yīng)遠(yuǎn)離電子設(shè)備。 1．What is stressed in the first two paragraphs? A．Teens now tend to have more problems with studies. B．Teens get harder to fall asleep with more screen time. C．Teens addicted to screen are likely to be more energetic. D．Teens’ sleep duration has nothing to do with their screen time. B　解析：推理判斷題。通讀第一、二段可知，這兩段在強(qiáng)調(diào)使用電子設(shè)備對(duì)青少年睡眠的影響。故選B項(xiàng)。其余選項(xiàng)和這兩段內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)。 2．By asking questions，the study finds ． A．boys are more likely to chat online than girls B．girls are more frequent on the screen than boys C．teens are attracted by different electronic devices D．teens use the screen for the same purpose C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二、三句“On average，girls said they spent around five and a half hours a day watching TV or using computers，smartphones or other electronic devices.And boys spent slightly more time in front of a screen—around six and a half hours a day，on average.”可知，青少年使用的電子設(shè)備包括電視、電腦、智能手機(jī)等，C項(xiàng)正確。 3．What does the underlined phrase “nod off” in the fourth paragraph mean? A．Shut off.　　　　　　 B．Get excited. C．Focus on. D．Fall asleep. D　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中“Any type of screen use during the day and in the hour before bedtime appeared to disturb sleep”可知，無(wú)論何種電子設(shè)備，在白天或睡前使用似乎都會(huì)打擾睡眠。由此可知，“making it more difficult for teenagers to nod off”意為“使用電子設(shè)備會(huì)讓青少年更難睡著”。故D項(xiàng)與“nod off”意思接近，意為“睡著，打盹”。A項(xiàng)意為“停止，關(guān)掉”；B項(xiàng)意為“興奮起來(lái)”；C項(xiàng)意為“集中注意力，關(guān)注”，都不符合題意。 4．How does Prof Russell Foster feel the study? A．Beneficial. B．Uncaring. C．Doubtful. D．Dissatisfied. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Prof Russell Foster所說(shuō)內(nèi)容中“This is an important study”可知，他認(rèn)為這是一項(xiàng)重要的研究。故選A項(xiàng)，意為“有益的”，符合其觀點(diǎn)。B項(xiàng)意為“不關(guān)心的”；C項(xiàng)意為“懷疑的”；D項(xiàng)意為“不滿意的”，都不是Prof Russell Foster的態(tài)度。 B (2016河南省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)質(zhì)檢)Being an astronaut sounds cool，doesn’t it？In space，they get to do some pretty amazing things，like floating in zero gravity. However，there are also plenty of things that astronauts can’t do because of their weightless environment，and that’s very sad.What’s worse，they can’t even let their sadness show—because it’s impossible to cry in zero gravity. Of course，astronauts can still produce tears.But crying is much more difficult in space，reported The Atlantic in January.Without gravity，tears don’t flow downward out of the eyes like they do here on Earth.This means that when you cry in space，your tears have nowhere to go—they just stick to your eyes. In May 2011，astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this during one of his spacewalks.“Tears，”he said，“don’t fall off your eyes...They just kind of stay there.” Besides making your vision unclear，this can also cause physical pain.Back on Earth，tears are supposed to bring comfort to the eyes.But that’s not the case in space.The space environment dries out astronauts’ eyes，and when tears suddenly wet the eyes，it can cause pain rather than comfort.“My right eye is painful like crazy.”Feustel told his teammate during the walk. Since gravity doesn’t work in space，astronauts need some extra help to get rid of the tears.Feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe the tears away.Another choice is to just wait—“When the tears get big enough they simply break free of eyes and float around，”astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic. There are lots of small things—things like crying—that we are so used to on Earth.We usually take them for granted，until they become a problem in a totally different environment，like space.There，astronauts can’t talk to each other directly.They also can’t eat or drink in normal ways.They can’t even burp(打嗝)，because there is no gravity to hold the food down in their stomach.If they do burp，they just end up throwing up(嘔吐) everything in their stomach，according to the UK National Space Center. Thus，perhaps it’s only space explorers who can honestly say：“Gravity，you’re the best.” 【文章大意】　本文是一篇科普說(shuō)明文。很多在地球上容易完成的小事，在太空中卻難以完成，如流眼淚，打嗝。文章解釋了原因并說(shuō)明了在太空中做這些小事給身體所帶來(lái)的疼痛。 5．What can we conclude from Paragraphs 2 and 3? A．Astronauts are unable to feel sad in space. B．Astronauts produce fewer tears in space. C．Tears produced in space flow down more slowly. D．Tears produced in space don’t flow downward. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Without gravity，tears don’t flow downward out of the eyes like they do here on Earth.”可知，由于沒(méi)有重力，眼淚不會(huì)像在地球上那樣滾落下來(lái)；由此可推知，在太空中時(shí)，眼淚不會(huì)滾落下來(lái)。故D項(xiàng)正確。 6．What effect do tears have on astronauts? A．They cause physical pain. B．They bring comfort to them. C．They make their vision clearer. D．They float around and cause trouble. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Besides making your vision unclear，this can also cause physical pain.”可知，在太空中流淚不僅會(huì)使你視力模糊，還會(huì)引起疼痛。故A項(xiàng)正確。 7．What can the astronaut do to get rid of the tears? A．Rub his eyes against his helmet to let the tears float forward. B．Rub his eyes by hand to let the tears float around. C．Get the tears big enough to fall off of his eyes. D．Get the tears big enough to break away from his eyes. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“Another choice is to just wait—‘When the tears get big enough they simply break free of eyes and float around，’astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic.”可知，宇航員除掉眼淚的方法之一是等待淚珠足夠大時(shí)，它會(huì)自行脫離眼睛而向周圍飄散。故D項(xiàng)正確，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)該段第二句“Feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe the tears away.”可知A、B兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。 8．What’s the last but one paragraph mainly about? A．Suggestions on how astronauts can stay comfortable in space. B．Other basic things that are difficult to do in space. C．Why burping is impossible in space. D．Things that humans can’t do without gravity. B　解析：段落大意題。通讀該段內(nèi)容可知，該段的主題句是第一、二句“There are lots of small things...We usually take them for granted，until they become a problem in a totally different environment，like space.”，由此可知，該段主要介紹了一些在太空中難以完成的小事。故B項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅲ.七選五 (2016河北衡水中學(xué)模擬) Stay on the brighter side of life One very important component of optimism is gratitude or feeling grateful.In fact，there is a strong connection between a grateful attitude and a heightened sense of wellbeing.Appreciate all the positives in your life by starting a gratitude journal in order to remember what you’re grateful for.1. Feeling down? Instead of feeling sorry for yourself waiting for the universe to throw you a bone，try acting like you’re happy—even if you aren’t.A sincere smile and a forced smile will cause the same chemical reactions in your brain，so you can actually fool your mind into feeling better by making it react chemically as if things were going well.2. Reassure yourself that everything is good—even if you don’t feel it. “3. If you’re stuck in traffic，then everything else must be going horribly，too，”says Anne Parker，a wellness counselor.By blowing negative events out of proportion，you’re setting yourself up for feeling down all day.Instead，acknowledge that you’re stuck in traffic，but also bring to mind something good，like the beautiful scenery outside the window.That way，you’ll get in the habit of forbidding negative circumstances from blanketing your whole day. Swearing to lose 20 pounds or to run a marathon seems like goals leading to happiness，but they take time to achieve.4. You may even end up admitting that you have been defeated.However，if you focus on the small milestones that occur along the way，you will feel positive about your progress，which will give you the strength to keep going. 5． Try making someone else’s day better.A report by United Healthcare and Volunteer Match found that volunteers are 72% more likely to characterize themselves as optimistic compared with nonvolunteers.Plus，89% of volunteers say that volunteering has improved their sense of wellbeing，and 92% say that it enriches their sense of purpose in life. A．Try to help someone in need. B．Want to give your attitude a lift? C．People tend to think in an eitheror way. D．Act in an optimistic way—smile，laugh，tell a joke. E．You’ll fail to appreciate more important things in your life. F．By focusing on not having accomplished them yet，you will start to feel down on yourself. G．By remembering the pleasant things in your life，you can actually turn a negative attitude around. 答案：1～5.GDCFB