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Unit 1 Countries and Cities Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．I appreciate if you accompany me to the market. 答案：it 2．It is no good (talk) to him, because he never listens. 答案：talking 3．Life is like a hot (bathe)．It feels good while you’re in it，but the longer you stay in，the more wrinkled you get. 答案：bath 4．Just to (satisfaction) my curiosity，how much did you pay for your car? 答案：satisfy 5．Among the guests at the party，the pianist was the most (impress)． 答案：impressive 6．We have to depend on our original plan if (unfortunate) this one doesn’t work out. 答案：unfortunately 7．The dress is similar mine.I’m sorry for having taken it by mistake. 答案：to 8．As far as I’m concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，the more (equip)for life you are. 答案：equipped 9． (situate) at the foot of the mountain，the small village enjoys a good situation and due to the fast development of tourism，it has become a holiday resort. 答案：Situated 10．They are working hard to keep sorghum and peanut free from being destroyed by pests and (chemistry)． 答案：chemicals Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A (2016沈陽質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)Being physically active three times a week reduces the odds of being depressed by about 16%，according to new UCL research carried out as part of the Public Health Research Centre. The study，published in JAMA Psychiatry，found a twoway relationship between depression and physical activity.People who increased their weekly activity were reported to have fewer depressive symptoms but those with more depressive symptoms were less active，particularly at younger ages. Researchers followed 11，135 people born in 1958 up until the age of 50，recording depressive symptoms and levels of physical activity at regular intervals in adulthood.They found that each additional activity period per week reduced odds of depression by 6%.In England 19% of men and 26% of women are currently classed as “inactive”，and this study suggests that activity could significantly improve their mental as well as physical health. “Assuming the association is causal，physical activity has a protective effect against depression.If an adult between his twenties and forties who isn’t physically active became active three times per week，he would reduce his risks of depression by about 16%，”said Dr. Snehal of the UCL Institute of Child Health，lead author of the study. Professor Mark，Director of the Public Health Research Centre，said：“Many people are already aware of the benefits of physical activity on their general health，but now we are seeing more evidence that suggests it also has a positive effect on a person’s mental wellbeing.The latest research highlights just how important it is to ensure that people are working and living in environments that allow them to be both physically active and mentally healthy.” 【文章大意】　最新研究表明，增加每周鍛煉身體的次數(shù)能降低人們患抑郁癥的風險。 1．The underlined word “odds” in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ”． A．benefits 　　　　　　 B．intervals C．risks D．a(chǎn)ges C　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中的“If an adult between his twenties and forties who isn’t physically active became active three times per week，he would reduce his risks of depression by about 16%”可知，人們每周鍛煉三次，能讓患抑郁癥的可能性降低大約16%。由此可推斷出，odds和risks的意思一樣，故C項正確。 2．According to the second paragraph，if people increase their weekly activity， ． A．their depressive symptoms will be fewer B．their depressive symptoms will be more C．they will become much younger D．they will become more depressive A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“People who increased their weekly activity were reported to have fewer depressive symptoms...”可知，如果人們增加他們每周鍛煉的次數(shù)，就會有較少的抑郁癥狀，故A項正確。 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Dr. Snehal thinks it is important to be both physically and mentally healthy. B．The research shows men are more active in physical activity than women. C．Adults who insist on physical activity will avoid depression completely. D．Increasing physical activity can free people from depression in a way. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Being physically active three times a week reduces the odds of being depressed by about 16%”可推知，增加鍛煉身體的次數(shù)在某種程度上能降低患抑郁癥的可能性，故D項正確。 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To tell us a fun story about how to protect us against depression. B．To introduce a research on the link between physical activity and depression. C．To persuade readers to increase their weekly activity. D．To describe the disadvantages of physical activity. B　解析：寫作意圖題。本文主要向讀者介紹了一項科學研究成果，這份研究講述的是身體鍛煉和抑郁癥之間的聯(lián)系，故B項正確。 B (2016鄭州質(zhì)量預(yù)測) As a crosscountry skier and member of the Australian ski team heading towards the Winter Olympics，I was on a training bike ride with my fellow teammates.But everything went black.I’d been hit by a speeding truck.I had extensive and lifethreatening injuries.I’d broken my neck and my back in six places.I was paralyzed(癱瘓) from the waist down.The doctor came over to me and said，“Janine，you’ll have to rethink about everything you do in your life，because you’re never going to be able to do the things you did before.” After six months，it was time to go home.I remember Dad pushing me outside in my wheelchair，wrapped in a plaster body cast(石膏)．All I wanted to do was to put my running shoes on and run out of the door.I wanted my old life back.Sitting in my wheelchair at home，I saw an airplane flying overhead and began to think to myself，“That’s it！If I can’t walk，I might as well fly.”I said，“Mom，I’m going to learn how to fly.”She passed me the phone book.I rang up the flying school and made a booking.People at the flying school used to look at me and think，“Oh，who is she kidding? She’s never going to be able to do this.”But that didn’t matter，because there was something inside me，burning，which far outweighed my injuries. Little goals kept me going along the way，and eventually I got my private pilot’s license and became a pilot.Then，I found myself back at that same school where I’d gone for that very first flight，teaching other people how to fly，just within 18 months after I’d left the hospital. Then I knew for certain that although my body might be limited，my spirit was unstoppable.I now know that when you ignore what you are，you become what you might be. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。Janine是一位杰出的澳大利亞滑雪選手。她在為參加冬季奧運會而進行自行車訓(xùn)練時，被一輛超速卡車撞倒。這場意外改變了她的一生。但她憑著堅定的決心學會了駕駛飛機，向世人講述了一個身殘志堅的故事。 5．What happened to the author after she was hit by a speeding truck? A．She was greatly encouraged to learn how to fly. B．She was forced to give up her career as a skier. C．She was so depressed as to lose confidence in herself. D．She was badly hurt but her doctor managed to recover her. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“Janine，you’ll have to rethink about everything you do in your life，because you’re never going to be able to do the things you did before.”可知，作者遭遇車禍后，醫(yī)生對她說她再也不能做她以前做的事情了，由此可推知，她被迫放棄了她的滑雪事業(yè)。故選B。 6．When the author was learning to fly， ． A．she more than once doubted her own ability B．she had already fully recovered from her injuries C．her determination led her to make rapid progress D．the difficulties she met with made her want to give up C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“I got my private pilot’s license and became a pilot...just within 18 months after I’d left the hospital”以及最后一段第一句“Then I knew for certain that although my body might be limited，my spirit was unstoppable.”可知，作者學習駕駛飛機之所以取得了快速進步，是因為她確信雖然她的身體可能會受限，但是她的意志力是銳不可當?shù)?。故選C。 7．What can be concluded from this passage? A．We should forget our past memories. B．Each of us has unlimited physical abilities. C．Life is full of surprises and is always uncertain. D．We need to forget what we are and accept who we are. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“I now know that when you ignore what you are，you become what you might be.”可知，作者現(xiàn)在知道當你忽略你的工作是做什么的時候，你才能成為你可能成為的人。故選D。 Ⅲ.短文改錯 There are too many cars in our town now.For a result，there are lots of traffic jams，and the air which we will breathe is terrible.Our town is very old but all the streets are quite narrow，so there is no room for bus lanes，which mean that buses always get stuck in the traffic jams，too.However，lots of accidents with cyclists often happen because of crowded street.But I think，there is a simple solution of these problems.The government should close city center to all traffic except buses and bikes，and build very larger car parks outside the town.Car drivers can take a bus into the city center and arrive at work or the shops relaxing and in a good mood. 答案： There are too many cars in our town now. a result，there are lots of traffic jams，and the air which we breathe is terrible.Our town is very old all the streets are quite narrow，so there is no room for bus lanes，which that buses always get stuck in the traffic jams，too.，lots of accidents with cyclists often happen because of crowded .But I think，there is a simple solution these problems.The government should close city center to all traffic except buses and bikes，and build very car parks outside the town.Car drivers can take a bus into the city center and arrive at work or the shops and in a good mood.