大粒種子精播機的設(shè)計【玉米、大豆快速精密雙行播種機優(yōu)秀課程畢業(yè)設(shè)計含9張CAD圖紙帶開題報告+外文翻譯】-jxsj86

大粒種子精播機的設(shè)計【玉米、大豆快速精密雙行播種機】

摘    要

本課題針對北方一年一熟旱作農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)缺乏配套播種機具的問題，在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，從原理與結(jié)構(gòu)上開發(fā)設(shè)計一種快速精密播種機,考慮實際生產(chǎn)作業(yè)需要,在滿足精密播種要求的前提下降低成本，提高精密播種機作業(yè)速度。精密播種是將精確數(shù)量的合格種子播種到符合生長要求的土壤中預(yù)定部位，包括精密的株距、播深和行距組成的三維空間坐標。本播種機主要采用型孔式的排種器，配合輸肥管、導(dǎo)種管、開溝器、覆土器和鎮(zhèn)壓器等組成，一次完成開溝、側(cè)深施肥、精密播種、覆土鎮(zhèn)壓等項作業(yè)。本文將播種機設(shè)計成2行播種作業(yè)以實現(xiàn)快速播種要求，采用雙圓盤開溝器，其開溝整齊,工作穩(wěn)定，能適應(yīng)較高的作業(yè)速度。本快速精密播種機具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、傳動方式簡單和工作性能可靠等特點，它可以播種不同類型的的種子（如玉米、大豆），并可與施肥裝置組合設(shè)計成播種施肥機組，具有廣泛應(yīng)用前景。

本文介紹的快速精密播種機工作原理如下：機器前進的同時，施肥圓盤轉(zhuǎn)動開溝，地輪轉(zhuǎn)動并通過鏈輪、鏈條驅(qū)動排肥軸轉(zhuǎn)動，排肥盒排下的肥料通過排肥管施到土壤中，雙圓盤開溝器轉(zhuǎn)動并通過兩側(cè)限深輪仿行限深開溝，壓溝刀擴溝，同時由排種器排出的種子從導(dǎo)種管進入種溝內(nèi)，后面的V形鎮(zhèn)壓輪將溝側(cè)土壤壓入種溝，鎮(zhèn)壓同時并覆土，從而完成精密播種要求。

關(guān)鍵詞：播種機；排種器；開溝器；鎮(zhèn)壓輪；限深輪

ABSTRACT

According to the problem of lacking suitable planter in one crop a year arid agriculture region of North China, upon the basis of predecessors’ research, this paper designed a kind of fast and precise seed sowing machine from the structure and principles. According to the needs of the actual production, on the premise of meeting the reqirement of precise seed sowing, the cost should be cut down and the speed increased. The precision planting provides accurate amount of seeds to soil at equal interval within rows and seeding depth. This planter is mainly comprised of the aperture-mould metering-device, fertilizer-carried pipe, seeds-carried pipe, double disics opener, covering and suppressing device; it is a complicated process comprising of ditching, fertilizing, planting, covering and suppressing; the requirements of its field performance are quite strict; it is designed to be 2 rows planter to improve its work speed and double discs opener is adopted, which ditches oderly, runs stably, and can be suitable for high speed. It has the characreristics of compact structure, simple transmission and riable performance, can sow different kind of seeds, such as maize, soybeans. Combined with fertilizing device, the planter can be designed to sow seeds and fertilizer at the same time. The planter has a widespread prospect of application. 

This article introduced the system of the fast and precise seed sowing machine. Its principle is the following: as the plater runs, the fertilizing disc turns to ditch, and the soil-wheel runs and drives fertilizer-drain shaft rotates via chains transmission; the fertilizer discharged by the box is fertilized into the soil; double disics opener turns and ditches with certain depth through depth-limited wheel; ditches-pressing blades enlarge the ditches; the seeds discharged by metering-device arrive at the ditches through seeds-carried pipe; and the suppressing V-wheel behind suppress the soil into the ditches with seeds and cover it with the soil at the same time. Thus, the requirement of precision planting has been completed.

Key words：Seed; Aperture-mould Metering-device; Double Disics Opener; Suppressing V-wheel; Depth-limited Wheel

目錄

摘    要 1

ABSTRACT 2

第1章 第1章 緒  論 5

1.1概述 5

1.1.1 國內(nèi)播種機發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 5

1.1.2國外播種機發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 7

1.1.3種作業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢 8

1.2播種方法 9

1.3快速精密播種機的研究意義 10

第2章 播種機總體方案確定 11

2.1 播種機的設(shè)計依據(jù)與技術(shù)分析 11

2.1.1 可行性分析 11

2.1.2 農(nóng)藝技術(shù)指標 12

2.1.3 配套技術(shù)指標 12

2.1.4 技術(shù)經(jīng)濟指標 12

2.2 總體設(shè)計 13

2.2.1 工作原理及結(jié)構(gòu)形式 13

2.2.2 總體參數(shù)設(shè)計 13

2.2.3 播種機的總體設(shè)計方案 14

2.3 本章小結(jié) 15

第3章 零部件設(shè)計計算及安裝 15

3.1傳動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 15

3.2種肥箱設(shè)計 20

3.3排肥器設(shè)計 21

3.4排種器設(shè)計 22

3.5排種軸設(shè)計 25

3.6塔輪鏈傳動設(shè)計 29

3.7其他工作部件的確定 31

3.7.1施肥圓盤裝配 31

3.7.2開溝部件 31

3.7.3仿形機構(gòu) 33

3.7.4鎮(zhèn)壓裝置 34

3.7.5支承輪裝配 34

3.7.6機架總成 35

3.7.7播種單體裝配 35

3.8部件的安裝 36

3.9播種前的準備 37

3.10本章小結(jié) 40

第4章 播種機的使用維護和保養(yǎng) 41

4.1播種機的使用 41

4.1.1農(nóng)藝技術(shù)要求 41

4.1.2播種的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)要求 41

4.2播種機的維護和保養(yǎng) 42

4.2.1注意事項 42

4.2.2維護和保養(yǎng) 43

4.3本章小結(jié) 44

結(jié)  論 45

參考文獻 46

致  謝 47

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型孔式排種器A2.dwg

大粒種子精播機的設(shè)計.doc

大粒種子精播機的設(shè)計任務(wù)書.doc

大粒種子精播機的設(shè)計開題報告.doc

大粒種子精播機的設(shè)計題目審定表.doc

導(dǎo)種輪A3.dwg

開溝器A2.dwg

快速精密播種機裝配圖A0.dwg

排種軸A3.dwg

摘要.doc

播種單體機架焊合A1.dwg

文件清單.txt