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教學(xué)無憂http://jiaoxue5u.taobao.com/專注中小學(xué) 教學(xué)事業(yè)！ Unit2 Tutorial Centres Grammar教案 一、章節(jié)分析 （一）綜述 本章節(jié)主要語法是動詞時態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時以及現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成和使用。英語中完成時是時態(tài)語法點中比較重要的一部分。在本冊書的第二課和第三課中學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)了現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，過去時和過去進(jìn)行時這幾種基本時態(tài)，在第四課中學(xué)習(xí)了被動語態(tài)，在此基礎(chǔ)上本課將對現(xiàn)在完成時（主動及被動語態(tài)）和一般過去時的區(qū)別進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)，以及現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的學(xué)習(xí)和操練，并且針對層次較高學(xué)生可以導(dǎo)入其他幾種復(fù)合時態(tài)的學(xué)習(xí)。 （二）目標(biāo) 復(fù)習(xí)比較現(xiàn)在完成時（主動和被動語態(tài)）和一般過去時，并且學(xué)習(xí)本課的重點語法時態(tài)點：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，達(dá)到以下兩個目標(biāo)： 1． 了解基本的構(gòu)成； 2． 了解使用的情景，完成基本操練。 （三）教學(xué)方法 情景導(dǎo)入加歸納法。 （四）重點和難點 本課中的重點是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，以及本課中提及的各種時態(tài)在不同情景中的運用。 二、教學(xué)設(shè)計（Teaching Designs） 教學(xué)內(nèi)容 教學(xué)實施建議 教學(xué)資源參考 Lead –in ? 要求學(xué)生再次瀏覽課文，并注意文中所用的時態(tài)。 ? 根據(jù)文中出現(xiàn)的時態(tài)例句，比較過去時和過去完成時這兩種時態(tài)的區(qū)別。復(fù)習(xí)這兩種時態(tài)并做一些相關(guān)練習(xí)。 具體練習(xí)內(nèi)容見[鏈接1] ? 提問學(xué)生除了上述兩種時態(tài)之外，文中是否還出現(xiàn)其他時態(tài)。可以進(jìn)行小組討論找出使用其他時態(tài)的句子（尤其是使用的不熟悉的時態(tài)句子） ? 比較使用的時態(tài)的不同。介入現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)。 《牛津英語》課本 Practice ? 學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)知識點（時態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成以及相關(guān)例句） ? 學(xué)生理解該時態(tài)，并進(jìn)行相關(guān)練習(xí)操練 ? 補(bǔ)充知識點： 將來完成時以及過去完成時（這一補(bǔ)充主要是學(xué)有余力的同學(xué)，詳見[鏈接2]） 《牛津英語》課本 Exercises and homework 教師自編題目和書后練習(xí)結(jié)合操練 《牛津英語》課本 [鏈接1] 說明： 這是一份關(guān)于現(xiàn)在完成時與過去時復(fù)習(xí)以及現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，將來完成時和過去完成時的教案。 Teaching procedures: 1．Warming up ? Ask students to scan the text part again and find out what tense is mainly used in the text. And tell the reason. ? Besides the mainly-used tense in the text, ask students if there is any other tense used. Discuss with deskmates and underline the sentences whose tense is not familiar to them. Students may pick up the sentences as followed: 1. Have you ever been to a tutorial centre? 2. I have studied at a tutorial centre for two years. 3. My command of English has improved considerably since … 4. I have been attending a tutorial centre for two months. 5. I have been forced to attend by my parents. 6. I have experienced both good and bad tutorial centres. ? Compare the past tense and the present perfect tense ? Do more related exercises ( EX 1, see in Part 3) 2. Leading in ? Introduce the present perfect continuous tense. About the present perfect continuous tense: 1. Formation has/have been + doing 2. Where to use (1) We use this tense to talk about an action which started in the past and is still continuing. e.g. I have been attending a tutorial centre for two months. You have been studying for ten hours. You must take a rest. (2) We often use this tense with phrases such as: all day, all afternoon, for seven hours or for four years. These phrases help to stress that the action is still continuing. ? Do some exercises about the present perfect continuous tense, pay attention to the differences between the present perfect tense and the present perfect continuous tense (EX 2. see in Part 3) 3. Understanding and doing more practice Students try to understand the grammar points mentioned above EX 1. Fill in the blanks with the simple past or the present perfect of the given verbs. 1. I last ________(meet) him long ago. I _______ (not see) him for a long time. 2. We _________ (live) in the house since 1970, that is to say, ever since my father _______ (die). 3. I ________ (read) the novel when I ________ (be) at college. It is such a long time that I _________ (forget) what it is about. 4. Since I _________ (make) my report last year, there ________ (be) a steady improvement in the company’s trading position. The performance of our overseas branch __________ (be) particularly encouraging. 5. A: ______ you _______ (bring) your bathing suit with you? B: yes, I am going to show you how much I __________ (improve). 6. A: I __________ (not see) anything of Jane lately. When _______ you ________ (see) last? B: I _______ (meet) her two days ago. I think she __________ (change) a lot. 7. Although we _________ (be) in this village six years so far, we ___________ (get) to know many people yet. But our next-door neighbor ________ (be) helpful when we first _________ (move) in. 8. This bike __________ (be) in our family for 14 years. My father _________ (use) it for the first five years, my brother ________ (ride) it for the next five, and I _________ (have) it for the last four. Keys: 1. met, haven’t seen 2. have lived,died 3. read, was, have forgotten 4. made, has been, has been 5. Have…brought, have improved 6. haven’t seen, did…see, met, has changed 7. have been, haven’t got, was, moved 8. has been, used, rode, have had EX 2. [1]. Fill in the blanks with the present perfect tense or the present perfect continuous tense (1) Thank goodness, we __________ safely. (arrive) (2) The book __________ (lie) on the table since morning. (3) They ___________ (not leave) because their schoolbag are still on their deaks. (4) It __________ (be) cold this year. I wonder when it is going to get warmer. (5) I ________ (make) cakes. That’s why my hands are all covered with flour. (6) The lady has been to the shop several times, but she _________ (buy, never) anything. (7) Nobody knows where to go during the holiday. Nothing _________ (arrange) yet. (8) A few questions _________ (not settle) up to now. (9) I _______ (not see) him ever since then. (10) Nobody seems to take notice of the ten-cent note which _________ (lie) on the ground for quite a long time. (11) So far this term, 3 English tests ________ (give) to the students. (12) I don’t think anything that _______(do) can be done. (13) Never _______ I ________ (give) such a chance to make a speech in front of such a large audience. (14) It is the second time that Joe ________ (criticize) for the terrible mistake he _______ (make) this term. (15) Will you have the vase ________ (break) by the child _______ (mend)? [2]. Translation: （1）他自從生意失敗以來，對什么都失去了信心。 （2）自從元旦以來我見過他兩次了。 一次是在三月份，五月中旬也見過他一次。 （3）他的摩托車壞了，所以這幾天他步行上班。 （4）你游覽了世界那么多地方。我真羨慕你。 （5）過去兩個月，他一直與他叔叔住在一起。 （6）至今他對自己的困難只字不提。 Key for reference: [1]. 1. have arrived 2. has been lying 3. haven’t left 4. has been 5. have been making 6. has never bought 7. has been arranged 8.have not been settled 9.have not seen 10. has been lying 11. have been given 12. has been done 13. have…been given 14. has been criticized…h(huán)as made 15. has been broken … mended [2]. 1. He has lost confidence in everything since he failed in his business. 2. I have seen him twice since New Year’s Day. I saw him once in March and I saw him again in the middle of May. 3. His motorcycle has gone wrong, so he is walking to work these days. 4. You have traveled so much in the world. I really envy you. 5. He has been staying with his uncle during the past two months. 6. So far he has not said a single word about his own trouble. [鏈接 2] 說明： 這是完成時時態(tài)的拓展部分，拓展了過去完成時以及將來完成時，使學(xué)生把握幾種復(fù)合時態(tài)。此部分可以供學(xué)有余力的學(xué)生選擇使用。 1．將來完成時 （1） 構(gòu)成 will/shall have done （2） 用法 表示到將來某個時間為止完成的動作，通常與“by+將來時間”構(gòu)成的時間狀語連用。 e.g. By the end of next month, he will have been here for 10 years. 2. 過去完成時 （1） 構(gòu)成 had + 動詞的過去分詞 （2） 用法 1．表示過去某一時刻之前已經(jīng)開始并持續(xù)到該時刻的動作狀態(tài) e.g. Peter, who had waited for an hour, was very angry with his sister when she eventually turned up. Bill was in uniform when I met him. He had been a soldier for ten years, and planned to stay in the army till he was thirty. 2．表示過去某一時刻前的習(xí)慣或反復(fù)的動作 e.g. She had called on her friends every week before her death. 3．用于think, hope等動詞，表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的想法或愿望 e.g. I had hoped to send him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage, but I didn’t manage it. （我原本想…） 4．表示過去某個時刻之前發(fā)生的動作或經(jīng)歷，而且動作產(chǎn)生的影響在該時刻仍然存在 e.g. He looked pale. He had been ill for a long time. He told me he had been to London twice. 5．與過去完成時搭配的固定結(jié)構(gòu) had no sooner … than … had hardly … when … had scarcely … when 這三個結(jié)構(gòu)都表示“一…就”的意思 e.g. I had no sooner left the room than the telephone rang. No sooner had I left the room than the telephone rang. （倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)） EX 3: Choice: 1. I ________ to go to Hawaii today, but when the fortune-teller warned me not to travel, I postponed the trip. A. had intended B. was intending C. would intend D. was intended 2. He said that he would be able to see me when he _________ that letter. A. wrote B. has written C. would have written D. had written 3. He told me that I should not leave the room until I _________ all the windows. A. closed B. have closed C. would have closed D. had closed 4. Nothing _________ yet scientifically, says the spokesman. A. was proved B. will be proved C. is being proved D. has been proved 5. She _________ the Bible when an angle enters and kneels down before her. A. reads B. read C. has been reading D. had read 6. I’m sorry I have not written to you for so long, but I _________ very busy with examination. A. am B. had been C. was D. have been 7. I wonder whether our life __________ considerably by 2010. A. will have changed B. will be changing C. will have to change D. is going to change 8. He ________ on the bank fishing when he _________ a men’s hat floating down the river. A. sat, saw B. was sitting, saw C. sat, was seeing D. sits, sees 9. I’m glad to meet you. George _________ all about you. A. tells me B. is telling me C. has been telling me D. is told to me 10. I __________ on the door for five minutes now without an answer. A. was knocking B. am knocking C. knock D. have been knocking 11. The secretary wasn’t there, she __________ home already. A. had gone B. should have gone C. would have gone D. had been 12. Research __________ all over the world into the possible cause of cancer in the past twelve years. A. was made B. had been made C. has been made D. has been making 13. No wonder these plants are dying. They _________ any water for weeks. A. haven’t had B. haven’t C. hadn’t had D. hadn’t 14. Since 1970, millions of people _________ a substance which they believe can remedy the common cold – Vitamin C. A. have taken B. have been taking C. have been taken D. have being taken 15. The students _________ the whole course before they take the examination. A. covered B. will have covered C. will covering D. have covered 16. Today is Betty’s wedding day. She ________ to Henry. A. just has been married B. had just married C. was just married D. has just been married 17. The river was high because it ________ for several days. A. had been raining B. was raining C. has been raining D. rained 18. By the end of June, you __________ here for three years. A. will have studied B. studies C. will study D. have studied 19. He acted as if he _________ in China before. A. has never lived B. had never lived C. never lived D. would have never lived 20. I ________ poetry as the food of love. A. have been used to considering B. have been used to consider C. use to consider D. used to considering Key for reference: 1-5 ADDDC 6-10 DABCD 11-15 ACABB 16-20 DAABA 客服唯一聯(lián)系qq 1119139686 歡迎跟我們聯(lián)系