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摘 要
數(shù)控機(jī)床即數(shù)字程序控制機(jī)床，是一種自動(dòng)化機(jī)床，數(shù)控技術(shù)是數(shù)控機(jī)床研究的核心，是制造業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、柔性化、集成化的基礎(chǔ)。隨著制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展，現(xiàn)代數(shù)控機(jī)床借助現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)、工序集約化和新的功能部件使機(jī)床的加工范圍、動(dòng)態(tài)性能、加工精度和可靠性有了極大的提高。
本次設(shè)計(jì)通過對現(xiàn)有數(shù)控鉆銑床的分析研究，提出一種新的設(shè)計(jì)方案,其自動(dòng)化程度更高，結(jié)構(gòu)也相對比較簡單。本方案中，主軸箱采用電磁離合器實(shí)現(xiàn)有級(jí)變速，在X、Y、Z三個(gè)方向上的進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)均采用滾珠絲桿，而動(dòng)力則由步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)通過調(diào)隙齒輪來傳遞，并且采用單片機(jī)進(jìn)行數(shù)字控制?？刂葡到y(tǒng)采用MCS-51系列單片機(jī)，通過擴(kuò)展程序存儲(chǔ)器、數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器和I/O接口實(shí)現(xiàn)硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)。
關(guān)鍵詞：數(shù)控技術(shù) 滾珠絲桿 步進(jìn)電機(jī) 單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)擴(kuò)展
Abstract
The numerical control engine bed is the digital process control engine bed, is one kind of automated engine bed, the numerical control technology is the core which the numerical control engine bed studies, is the manufacturing industry realization automation, the network, the flexibility, the integrated foundation. Along with the manufacture technology development, the modern numerical control engine bed with the aid of the modern design technology, the working procedure intensification and the new function part caused the engine bed the processing scope, the dynamic performance, the processing precision and the reliability had the enormous enhancement .
This design tries a new method after the analyze and research of the exited numerical control bed for mill and bore with the higher automatization degrees and the simpler configuration. In the method, electromagnetism clutch is used for the realization of the level shift in the headstock, and in the motion of , we all adopt ball bearing thread haulm for the X、Y、Z direction ,The power of which is step by step electromotor transferred by gear that used for adjusting gaps. And more, we used singlechip for numerical control.The control system introduces MCS-51 series singlechip, and the realization of hardware circuit was accomplished by enlarging program memorizer、data memorizer and I/O meet meatus.
Keywords: Numerical control technology Ball bearing thread haulm
The step by step electromotor The enlarge for SCM system