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Book1Unit5,NelsonMandela—amodernhero,話題晨背積累寫作素材,自主排查夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)知識,邊講邊練突破核心考點(diǎn),在高考語境中提升解題技能,,,,話題詞匯,話題晨背積累寫作素材,1.achievementn.成就；成績；功績2.ambitiousadj.有雄心壯志的3.backgroundn.背景4.characteristicadj.典型的；獨(dú)特的5.contributionn.貢獻(xiàn)6.outgoingadj.愛交際的；外向的,7.outstandingadj.優(yōu)秀的；杰出的8.begiftedat對……有天賦9.beenthusiasticabout對……熱心10.makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事,經(jīng)典語篇,為了紀(jì)念特蕾莎修女，某英文報(bào)社組織了一次作文比賽，請你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，以“LifeofMotherTeresa”為題，寫一篇100詞左右的介紹特蕾莎修女的文章參賽。1.1910年生于南斯拉夫，20歲時(shí)去了印度當(dāng)老師；1946年離開學(xué)校當(dāng)了一名護(hù)士；2.她心地善良，在印度幫助窮人、病人、無家可歸的人等；3.建學(xué)校和醫(yī)院，到各地演講，呼吁人們關(guān)心窮人；4.1979年獲得諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)。,佳作欣賞,LifeofMotherTeresaMotherTeresaisoneofthegreatestwomenintheworld.ShewasborninYugoslaviain1910.Attheageof20，shewenttoIndia.Thereshefirstworkedasateacher.①However，in1946MotherTeresalefttheschoolandafterthat，shewastrainedtobecomeanurse.②Shewassokindthatshebeganhelpingthepoor，thesickandthehomelessinIndia.Besides，MotherTeresaopenedmanyschoolsandhospitalsinpoorcountries.Whileshewastraveling，shecalledonpeopletohelpthoseintrouble.③In1979，shewasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizefortheloveandtheserviceshehadgiventounfortunatepeople.,思維發(fā)散,1.將第①句改為復(fù)合句2.將第②句改為含有定語從句的復(fù)合句3.將第③句改為省略句,Attheageof20，shewenttoIndia，whereshefirstworkedasateacher.,However，in1946MotherTeresalefttheschool，afterwhichshewas,trainedtobecomeanurse.,Whiletraveling，shecalledonpeopletohelpthoseintrouble.,,答案,返回,,自主排查夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)知識,A.寫作單詞1.(n.)品質(zhì)；質(zhì)量；性質(zhì)2.(adj.)積極的；活躍的3.(vt.&vi.)投票；選舉(n.)投票；選票；表決4.(vt.)進(jìn)攻；抨擊；攻擊5.(adj.)相等的；平等的,quality,active,vote,attack,equal,,答案,重點(diǎn)單詞,6.(adj.)樂意的；自愿的7.(adj.)有希望的8.(vi.&vt.)逃脫；逃走；泄露9.(vi.)請求；乞求10.(n.)報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金(vt.)酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞11.(n.)意見；看法；主張,willing,hopeful,escape,beg,reward,opinion,,答案,12.(vt.)獻(xiàn)身；專心于(adj.)忠實(shí)的；深愛的13.(adj.)和平的；平靜的；安寧的(n.)和平14.(adj.)法律的；依照法律的(adj.)非法的15.(vt.)教育；訓(xùn)練(adj.)受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的,peace,legal,illegal,educate,educated,peaceful,devote,devoted,,答案,B.閱讀單詞16.mean(adj.)17.generous(adj.)18.principle(n.)19.league(n.)20.youth(n.)21.fee(n.)22.guidance(n.)23.lawyer(n.)24.republic(n.),吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的,慷慨的；大方的,法則；原則；原理,同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會,青年；青年時(shí)期,費(fèi)；酬金,指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo),律師,共和國；共和政體,,,答案,25.found(vt.)26.relative(n.)27.terror(n.)28.cruelty(n.)29.sentence(vt.)30.president(n.)31.blanket(n.)32.unfair(adj.),建立；建設(shè),親戚；親屬,恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時(shí)期；恐怖活動,殘忍；殘酷,判決；宣判,總統(tǒng)；會長；校長；行長,毯子；毛毯,不公平的；不公正的,,答案,33.self(n.)selfish(adj.)selfless(adj.)selflessly(adv.)34.violence(n.)violent(adj.),自私的,無私的；忘我的,無私地；忘我地,暴力；暴行,暴力的；猛烈的,,,,自我；自身,,答案,1.失業(yè)2.事實(shí)上3.使充氣；爆炸4.在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中5.求助于；致力于6.喪失勇氣或信心,outofwork,asamatteroffact/infact,blowup,introuble,turnto,loseheart,,答案,重點(diǎn)短語,7.上臺；當(dāng)權(quán)8.設(shè)立，建立；搭起9.被判處……(徒刑)10.在某人看來,cometopower,setup,besentencedto,inone’sopinion,,答案,1.However，thiswasatimetoliveinJohannesburg.然而在那個(gè)時(shí)候，你要想住在約翰內(nèi)斯堡就非得要有身份證不可。2.thegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。,whenonehadgottohaveapassbook,Thelastthirtyyearshaveseen,經(jīng)典句式,,答案,3....wewereputintoapositionwewerelessimportant，orfightthegovernment.……我們被置于這樣一種境地：要么被迫承認(rèn)我們低人一等，要么與政府作斗爭。4....onlythenwithviolence.……只有到那個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。5.Ifeltbad.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我感覺很糟。,inwhichwehadeithertoaccept,didwedecidetoanswerviolence,thefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup,,答案,Elias，apoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica，saidthatthetime1.hefirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofhislife.In1952，hewenttoseeMandela，ablacklawyer，foradvice.Mandelawasgenerouswithhistime，for2.Eliaswasverygrateful.Hebeganschoolatsix，buthehadtoleaveschooltwoyearslater3.hisfamilycouldn’taffordtheschoolfeesandthebusfare.4.aresult，hehadverylittleeducation.After5.(try)hard，hegotajobinagoldmine.However，toliveinJohannesburg，onehadgottohaveapassbook.Nothavingonebecausehewasnotbornthere，heworriedabout6.hewouldbecomeoutofwork.,when,which,because,As,trying,whether,課文語法填空,,答案,ThenMandelahelpedhim，tellinghimhowtogetthecorrectpapers7.(stay)inJohannesburg.HebecamemorehopefulabouthisfutureandlaterjoinedtheANCYouthLeague8.(organize)byMandela.JustasMandelaputit，theblacksweresobadlytreatedthattheyhadreachedastage9.theyhadalmostnorightsatall.In1963，hehelpedMandelablowupsomegovernmentbuildings.Heknewthatonlybyansweringviolence10.violencecouldtheyachievetheirdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.,tostay,organized,where,with,,答案,返回,,邊講邊練突破核心考點(diǎn),devotev.獻(xiàn)身；致力；專心于；把……用于(givemostof...to),1.,(1)devote...to...把……致力于……，專心于……(2)devotedadj.忠實(shí)的bedevotedto致力于，獻(xiàn)身于；熱愛……(3)devotionn.奉獻(xiàn)；關(guān)照,,應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)過去分詞作定語、狀語的考查,(1)Herlifewasdevotedtocaringforthesickandneedy.她一生都致力于關(guān)心照顧貧病交迫的人。(2)Alannahasalwaysshownintensedevotiontoherchildren.阿蘭娜一直深愛著她的孩子們。,多維訓(xùn)練,(1)用devote的正確形式填空①Heishighlythoughtofbecauseofhistoduty.②Hislifeisonetothepeople.(2)同義句改寫Hedevotedhimselftocommunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.①(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)②(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫),devotion,devoted,Devotinghimselftocommunityactivities，hewaspraisedbythe,peoplearound.,Devotedtocommunityactivities，hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.,,答案,equaladj.相同的，相等的(thesamein...)；平等的；相當(dāng)?shù)?；能勝任?fit；capable)；n.同等的人；相等物；v.與……相等，等于(bethesamein...)；比得上；抵得過(beasgoodas...),2.,(1)beequalin在……方面比得上beequaltosth./doingsth.等于……；與……相等；勝任……onequalterms在對等的條件下(2)withoutequal/havenoequal無與倫比,,應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)equally寫作關(guān)聯(lián)詞,(1)Theamountofradiationwasequaltousingamobilephonefortwohalf-hourperiodsperday.輻射量相當(dāng)于每天使用兩次、每次半小時(shí)的手機(jī)所接受的輻射。(2)Heisaplayerwithoutequal.他是個(gè)無與倫比的運(yùn)動員。,多維訓(xùn)練,(1)單句語法填空①HeisequalTomability.②Thetwocountrieshadaconversationequalterms.(2)一句多譯他能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。①(equal)②(up)③(fit)④(qualified),to,in,on,Heisequaltothejob.,Heisuptothejob.,Heisfitforthejob.,Heisqualifiedtodo/fordoingthejob.,,答案,escapev.逃脫；逃走；逃避；被遺忘；泄漏；n.逃脫,3.,(1)escapefrom從……逃脫；逃避escapedoing/beingdone逃避(被)做某事escapedeath死里逃生(2)anarrowescape九死一生,,(1)Heescapedfromtheenemy’sprison.他從敵人的監(jiān)獄逃了出來。(2)Mikeoftenattemptstoescapebeingfinedwheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.無論什么時(shí)候違反交通規(guī)則，邁克總是設(shè)法逃避罰款。(3)Hehadanarrowescape.他九死一生。,,特別提醒,特別提醒注意下面兩個(gè)短語的區(qū)別：escapefromprison越獄escapeprison逃過牢獄之災(zāi),(1)寫出下列句子中escape的漢語意思①I’msorry，butyournameescapesme.②Howwillweknowifthere’sanygasescaping？③Thecinemaallowedpeopletoescapefromthedepressingrealitiesoftheirlives.④Threepeoplediedinthefire，butJohnescapedthroughthebedroomwindow.,多維訓(xùn)練,被遺忘；被忽略,流出；泄漏,逃避(現(xiàn)實(shí)),逃脫,,答案,(2)同義句改寫Youareluckytoescapepunishment.Youareluckytoescape.,being,punished,,答案,rewardv.酬謝；獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，獎(jiǎng)賞；n.獎(jiǎng)金；回報(bào)；報(bào)酬,4.,(1)inrewardfor為獎(jiǎng)賞……；為報(bào)答……asarewardfor作為對……的獎(jiǎng)賞/回報(bào)(2)rewardsb.forsth.因某事而獎(jiǎng)賞/酬謝某人rewardsb.withsth.用某物回報(bào)某人,,(1)Asarewardforhisbravery，thesoldierwasgivenamedal.為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他的勇敢，這個(gè)士兵被授予一枚獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?2)Herewardeduswithalotofmoneyforhelpinghim.對于我們的幫助他大加酬謝。,詞義辨析reward，award(1)reward報(bào)酬，獎(jiǎng)金或一些非金錢類的報(bào)酬，多指因?qū)Ψ降墓ぷ?、服?wù)、幫助而給予的報(bào)酬或獎(jiǎng)賞，常用搭配：rewardsb.for(doing)sth.。(2)award獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金，與prize用法相同，意為“授予，頒發(fā)”，常用搭配：awardsb.sth.＝awardsth.tosb.。,,(1)用reward，award的正確形式填空MoYanwastheNobelPrizeinLiterature.Inhissparetime，hehasalwaysbeenreadytohelpyoungwriters.Howcanwehiskindness?(2)一句多譯我送給他一本書來答謝他的幫助。①(rewardn.)②(rewardv.),多維訓(xùn)練,awarded,reward,Igavehimabookinrewardfor/asarewardforhishelp.,Irewardedhimwithabookforhishelp.,,答案,邊講邊練突破核心考點(diǎn),turnto轉(zhuǎn)身；求助于；致力于；翻到；轉(zhuǎn)向,5.,(1)turntosb.forhelp向某人求助turnout結(jié)果是；證明是；(為看熱鬧)蜂擁而至(2)taketurnstodo.../indoing...輪流做……inturn依次；逐個(gè)；相應(yīng)地byturns輪流地；交替地,,應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)turn短語語境詞義辨析,(1)Whenintrouble，youshouldturntoyourparentsforhelp.有麻煩的時(shí)候，你應(yīng)該向父母求助。(2)Theytaketurnstolookaftertheirsickfatherinthehospital.他們輪流照顧生病住院的父親。,多維訓(xùn)練,(1)寫出下列句子中turnto的漢語意思①HewastheoneIalwaysturnedtoforstrengthandsecurity.②Ifyouturntopage40，youwillfindit.③Moreandmorepeopleturntocomputerscience.④Sheturnedtomeandtoldmenottolosefaith.,求助于,翻到,從事于；致力于,轉(zhuǎn)向,,答案,(2)用上述短語的正確形式填空①Theweatherwasmildandrainythroughouttheweek.②Thousandsofpeopletowatchyesterday’smatchagainstIreland.③Weareatyourservice.Don’thesitatetousifyouhaveanyfurtherproblems.④Heaskedeachofustodescribehowalcoholhadaffectedourlives.,byturns,turnedout,turnto,inturn,,答案,邊講邊練突破核心考點(diǎn),votev.投票，選舉，表決；建議；n.選票；投票；表決,6.,多維訓(xùn)練,單句語法填空(1)He(vote)themostpromisingnewdirector.(2)Ifwecan’tagree，we’llhavetovoteit.(3)Fearingthatmostofthecitizensvotedhim，heworeasmile.(4)Amajorityofstaffvoted(accept)theofferofan8%payrise.(5)Let’sputitthevote.Allthoseinfavorraiseyourhands.,wasvoted,on,against,toaccept,to,,答案,opinionn.意見；見解；信念；看法；主張,7.,多維訓(xùn)練,一句多譯在他看來，這是一本好書。(1)(opinion)(2)(according)(3)(concerned)(4)(judgement)(5)(view),Inhisopinion，thisisagoodbook.,Accordingtohim，thisisagoodbook.,Asfarasheisconcerned，thisisagoodbook.,Inhisjudgement，thisisagoodbook.,Inhis(pointof)view，thisisagoodbook.,,答案,loseheart灰心；泄氣；喪失信心(loseconfidence),8.,多維訓(xùn)練,短語填空,(1)IfoundI’veyou.(2)Mygrandfatherbecamefiercewhenhe.(3)We’vekeptwaitingforalmostanhour.I’mbeginningto.(4)Whenyoufail，youshouldnever.,lostmyheartto,losthistemper,losemypatience,loseheart,,答案,邊講邊練突破核心考點(diǎn),HewasthefirstmantolandonthemooninJuly1969.1969年7月，他成為第一個(gè)登上月球的人。,9.,邊講邊練突破核心考點(diǎn),(1)動詞不定式可以用來修飾人和物，一般置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，即作后置定語。(2)當(dāng)被修飾成分前有序數(shù)詞或最高級及theonly，thevery修飾時(shí)，常用不定式作定語。(3)tocome將來的；tospare剩余的。這兩個(gè)短語常放在時(shí)間名詞后面作后置定語。(4)修飾某些抽象名詞的不定式，有時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞短語。(5)作定語的動詞如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。,,句型公式：不定式作定語,(1)Heistheonlyonetosurvivetheaccident.他是這次事故中唯一的幸存者。(2)Icaughtthebuswithonlyafewsecondstospare.我在離開車只剩數(shù)秒時(shí)趕上了公交車。,多維訓(xùn)練,(1)單句語法填空①Thecaptainisthelast(leave)theship.②Wouldyoulikesomething(drink)?③Volunteeringgivesyouachance(change)lives，includingyourown.(2)單句改錯(cuò)TheBrownshaveacomfortablehousetolive.,toleave,todrink,tochange,live后加in,,答案,...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……直到那時(shí)，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。,10.,“only＋副詞、介詞短語、從句”放在句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝形式。,,句型公式：only...,(1)Onlybysayingpolitewordscanyougetonwellwithothers.只有說話禮貌你才能和其他人相處得好。(2014江西)(2)Onlywhenhereturnedfromworkdidweknowthetruth.只有當(dāng)他下班回來后，我們才知道真相。,,特別提醒,特別提醒(1)only＋從句放在句首時(shí)，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝。(2)only修飾主語時(shí)不倒裝。,(1)完成句子①只有用上你全部的時(shí)間和精力，你才能把這項(xiàng)工作做好。dothisjobwell.②只有以這種方式我們才能學(xué)好英語。learnEnglishwell.(2)單句改錯(cuò)Onlywhenwehadstudiedthedataagainwerealizethattherewasamistake.,多維訓(xùn)練,Onlywithallyourtimeandenergycanyou,Onlyinthiswaycanwe,第二個(gè)we前加did,,答案,IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我感覺很糟。,11.,thefirsttime作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。類似的還有：themoment，theminute，thesecond，theinstant，theday，theweek，themonth，theyear，each/every/next/any/lasttime，immediately，instantly，directly等。,,句型公式：...thefirsttime...,(1)Hepaidbackthemoneyheowedusimmediatelyhereturnedhome.他一回到家就把欠我們的錢還上了。(2)EverytimeIseetheoldmaninthepark，heisabsorbedinreadingpapers.每次在公園里看到這位老人時(shí)，他都在專注地看報(bào)。,,特別提醒,特別提醒forthefirsttime在句中只能作狀語，不具有連詞功能，不能用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句。,(1)同義句改寫IfellinlovewithyouthemomentIsawyou.①(用assoonas改寫)②(用以-ly結(jié)尾的連詞改寫)(2)單句改錯(cuò)Naturally，youwerenervouswhenyouwentontheplatformthefirsttime.,多維訓(xùn)練,IfellinlovewithyouassoonasIsawyou.,Ifellinlovewithyouimmediately/directly/instantlyIsawyou.,platform后加for,,,答案,返回,,在高考語境中提升解題技能,語境填詞,1.Theyarecompletelyfearlessandwillreadilytakeonacreaturemuchlargerthanthemselves，(攻擊)inlargegroupsandovercomingtheirtarget.(2015安徽)2.Popularsciencebooksexplainbasic(原理)ofnatureinasimpleandinterestingway.(2015天津),attacking,principles,,答案,3.Secondly，suchaninclusionmaygiverisetoprejudicesofthe(受過教育的)againstthosewithlittleknowledgeofEnglish.(2014江蘇)4.Sheherselflivedasimpleorratherpoorlifebutshewasso(慷慨的)tothepeopleinneedofhelp.(2014廣東)5.Therewillalsobetop(質(zhì)量)restaurants，apartmentsandoffices.(2014湖北),educated,generous,quality,,,答案,單句語法填空,1.Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyoufully(devote)toyourwork.(2014湖南)2.Practisetheguidanceofsomeexperiencedwritersandteacherswhocanhelpyouwithbasicwritingskills.(2014湖南)3.Forfivedays，Edmonton’sDowntownParkistransformedintoonehugestageartistsareabletosharetheirtalents.(2011福建)4.myopinion，thosewhohavereceivedherdonationwillbeencouragedtostudyevenharderandtrytheirbesttoachievesuccess.(2014廣東),devoted,are,under,where,In,,答案,5.ThedriverdeclaredguiltymaybefinedamaximumofHK25,000and(sentence)toupto3yearsinprison.(2011福建)6.(hope)thatgivesyouagoodstart.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)7.Menandwomenmustbetreated(equal)ineducationandemployment.(2014陜西)8.Inourclassthereare46students，ofhalfwearglasses.(2012四川)9.Salesdirectorisapositioncommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.(2012重慶),besentenced,Hopefully,equally,whom,where,,答案,10.ProjectORBISalsoaimsatpromoting(peace)cooperationamongcountries.(2014江西),peaceful,,答案,短語填空,1.ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeone.(2015湖南)2.Dependingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter，youcanatimetablefortheremainingweeksbeforetherace.(2015全國Ⅱ)3.There’snoreasontobedisappointed.，thiscouldberatheramusing.(2014浙江),introuble,setup,Asamatteroffact,,答案,4.Howcouldyouturndownsuchafantasticjobwhenyouhavebeenformonths？(2014浙江)5.Hedidn’t，andfinallyenjoyedsuccessinhispoeticaldrama.(2011重慶)6.However，whenitissomethingbeyondmycompetence，Imyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.(2011安徽),outofwork,loseheart,turnto,,答案,完成句子,1.直到跟兩個(gè)學(xué)生談了話以后我才發(fā)現(xiàn)，有強(qiáng)烈的動機(jī)是達(dá)到目標(biāo)的最重要的因素之一。Onlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.(2015湖南)2.第一次看到SuzyKhan，我就知道我得幫她。SuzyKhan，IknewIhadtohelpher.(2014北京)3.這就是為什么許多成功人士建議你去做喜歡的事情的一個(gè)很大的原因。manysuccessfulpeopleadviseyoutodosomethingyoulove.(2013廣東),didIdiscover,ThefirsttimeIsaw,Thisisabigreasonwhy,,答案,4.我真的想采訪他，因?yàn)樗粌H是第一個(gè)去太空的中國人，而且他也是世界上最偉大的宇航員之一。Iwouldreallyliketointerviewhimbecauseheisnotonlybutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.(2015安徽)5.她帶來了她的三個(gè)朋友，我以前一個(gè)也沒見過。Shebroughtwithherthreefriends，.(2009全國Ⅰ),thefirstChinese,togotospace,noneofwhomIhadevermet,before,,答案,1.作為律師，我熱愛我的工作。2.我相信法律面前人人平等。3.在大家處于困境時(shí)，我樂意不計(jì)報(bào)酬為大家提供幫助。4.事實(shí)上，很多人就法律問題向我求助。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)，并且請使用when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。,寫作素材(關(guān)于人物介紹),,微寫作,連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文),Asalawyer，IamdevotedtomyjobandIbelieveallpeople,areequalbeforethelaw.I’mwillingtogiveahandwithoutrewards,whenpeopleareintrouble.Asamatteroffact,alotofpeople,turntomeforlegaladvice.,,答案,返回,