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111 必修2 Unit 1 Cultural relics 能力演練 一、語法填空 專題訓(xùn)練（二） 動(dòng)詞變化 動(dòng)詞是語法填空題的必考內(nèi)容，動(dòng)詞的主要考點(diǎn)有時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、非謂語動(dòng)詞、主謂一致等。非謂語動(dòng)詞更是考查熱點(diǎn)。在本專題中,我們介紹幾個(gè)應(yīng)試技巧，讓你在考場上穩(wěn)操勝券。 ◆技巧點(diǎn)撥 only后接現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式都可表示結(jié)果，但only doing是一般用語，only to do則表示意想不到的結(jié)果。動(dòng)詞、介詞后面要求接名詞或動(dòng)名詞做賓語，如果所給動(dòng)詞后有賓語，則將所給動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閯?dòng)名詞，如果所給動(dòng)詞后無賓語，則將所給動(dòng)詞變?yōu)槊~。 (1)Jack went swimming in the lake,only _______________(have)great fun with his fellows. (2)Jack hurried to Toms home,only _______________(find)Tom was out and the door was locked. (3)He was good at _______________(persuade)others to give up their ideas. (4)They just stood there and stared at the stranger in _______________ (amaze). 句（1）單純表示結(jié)果，用having。句（2）的結(jié)果是Jack意想不到的，用to find。句（3）的persuade前有介詞，后有賓語others，應(yīng)填入動(dòng)名詞persuading。句（4）前有介詞，后無賓語，應(yīng)填入名詞amazement。 ◆活學(xué)活用 （一）用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1.She turned up the driveway,only _______________(find)her way blocked. 2.Computers are widely used for _______________(explore),including for _______________(explore)space. 3.Her husband died,only_______________(leave)her debts. 4.The boy grew up day by day,only _______________(become)stronger and healthier. 5.Mike went swimming with his classmates,only _______________ (drown).  （二）語法填空。 （2008年東莞一模改編）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語的正確形式填空。 Once there lived a rich man 1 (want)to do something for the people of his town.But first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town,he placed a very large stone.Then he 2 (hide)behind a tree and waited, 3 (watch)what people would do with the stone.Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man without 4 (try)to remove the stone.Instead,with some difficulty he passed around the stone and 5 (continue)on his way.Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came,and another.All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove it.Full of 6 (disappoint),the rich man was to go away and give up his idea 7 (help).Just then,a young man came along.He saw the stone, 8 (say)to himself:“The night 9 (be)very dark.Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone.He pushed and pulled with all his strength to move it,only 10 (find)a bag of money under the stone.Imagine how surprised he was! 二、 完形填空 A woman in her sixties lived alone in her little cottage with a pear tree at her door.She spent all her time taking care of the tree.But the children nearby drove her 1 by making fun of her.They would climb her tree and then run away with pears, 2 “Aunty Misery” at her. One evening,a passerby asked to 3 for the night.Seeing that he had an 4 face,she let him in and gave him a nice 5 .The next morning the stranger,actually a sorcerer（巫師）,thanked her by granting（允準(zhǔn)）her 6 that anyone who climbed up her tree 7 not be able to come back down until she 8 it. When the children came back to steal her 9 ,she had them stuck on the tree.They had to beg her long 10 she gave the tree permission to let 11 go.Aunty Misery was free from the 12 at last. One day another man 13 her door.This one did not look trustworthy to her, 14 she asked who he was.“I am Death.Ive come to take you 15 me,”said he.The woman thought fast and then said to the man，“Could you do me a favor to pick the golden pear on the tree?”Then man was so happy to “help” her and thus was immediately stuck to the tree. 1.A.hopeless B.painful C.dull D.crazy 2.A.calling B.shouting C.announcing D.whispering 3.A.stay B.live C.hide D.lie 4.A.interesting B.honest C.anxious D.angry 5.A.gift B.kiss C.treat D.smile  6.A.suggestion B.demand C.permission D.wish 7.A.could B.should C.might D.must 8.A.permitted B.promised C.answered D.declared 9.A.branch B.food C.tree D.fruit 10.A.after B.while C.since D.before 11.A.it B.them C.him D.her 12.A.trick B.question C.trouble D.difficulty 13.A.stepped into B.left for C.stopped at D.walked around 14.A.so B.but C.although D.because 15.A.with B.off C.upon D.for 三、閱讀理解 專題訓(xùn)練（二） 閱讀中的猜詞技巧（6） 根據(jù)文章的綜合信息推測詞義 ◆技巧點(diǎn)撥 根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系推測詞義是指運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)來分析和判斷相關(guān)信息之間存在的邏輯關(guān)系，然后結(jié)合上下文，根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系推斷生詞詞義或大致意思。在解題時(shí)，我們可以利用上下文的線索、暗示信息或單詞的作用和關(guān)系準(zhǔn)確推測詞義。如： (1)“My son has been in school for twelve years and he cannot write a sentence,” Tom shouted to the headmaster.“Youve made him an illiterate” 解析：依據(jù)信息“上學(xué)12年”、還“不會(huì)寫一個(gè)句子”、“大喊大叫”，可知家長在指責(zé)校方，也就不難猜出illiterate意為“文盲”。 (2)One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information.Quite the reverse,business,politics,life itself are games which we must normally play with imperfect information. 解析：前句說“關(guān)于商業(yè)的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)是商業(yè)可以看做完美的信息游戲”，而后句說“商業(yè)、政治、生活本身是非常不完美的信息游戲”，由此推之quite the reverse的意思是“正好相反”。 特別提醒：我們分6個(gè)單元介紹了閱讀中猜測詞義的常用方法。但是必須牢記，各種方法都是互相聯(lián)系的，都離不開對(duì)上下文的正確理解，所謂詞不離句、句不離篇講的就是這個(gè)道理。在解題時(shí)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)該綜合運(yùn)用各種方法，根據(jù)對(duì)語篇的理解，結(jié)合上下文，對(duì)生詞或短語或句子的含義作出準(zhǔn)確的、合乎邏輯的猜測。 ◆活學(xué)活用 （一）猜出下列句中劃線單詞的意思。 1.Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to health.They also regard drinking as harmful 2.The hotair ballon took off.It was buoyant in the air as a rose leaf in water. 3.The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past. 4.The child is as fragile as glass. 5.He fell into a ditch and lay there,semiconscious,for a few minutes. （二）閱讀理解  (2009年全國卷Ⅰ)It is not easy being a teenager(13—19歲青少年)—nor it is easy being the parent of a teenager.You can make your child feel angry,hurt,or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself.It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that you,ll still be there when he needs you. Expect a lot from your child,just not everything.Except for health and safety problems,such as drug use or careless driving,consider everything else open to discussion.If your child is unwilling to discuss something,dont insist he tell you whats on his mind.The more you insist,the more likely that he,ll clam up.Instead,let him attempt to solve things by himself.At the same time,remind him that you are always there for him should he seek advice or help.Show respect for your teenager,s privacy.Never read his mail or listen in on personal conversations. Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family.If your child talks on the family,s phone for too long,tell him he can talk for 15 minutes,but then he must stay off the phone for at least an equal period of time.This not only frees up the line so that other family members can make and receive calls,but teaches your child moderation(節(jié)制).Or if you are open to the idea,allow your teenager his own phone that he pays for with his own pocket money or a part-time job. Ⅰ.根據(jù)短文寫一篇30詞左右的摘要。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ.根據(jù)所讀短文,選擇最佳答案。 1.The main purpose of the text is to tell parents _______________. A.how to get along with a teenager B.how to respect a teenager C.how to understand a teenager D.how to help a teenager grow up 2.What does the phrase “clam up” mean? A.become excited B.show respect C.refuse to talk D.seek help 3.The last paragraph is about how to teach a teenager _______________. A.to use the phone in a sensible way B.to pay for his own phone C.to share the phone with friends D.to answer the phone quickly 4.What should parents do in raising a teenager according to the passage? A.Not allow him to learn driving or take drugs B.Give him advice only when necessary C.Let him have his own telephone D.Not talk about personal things with him 參考答案 一、 （一） 1.to find 2.exploration,exploring 3.leaving 4.becoming 5.to be drowned （二） 1.解析：現(xiàn)在分詞做定語。 答案： wanting 2.解析：與后面的waited一起充當(dāng)并列謂語。 答案：hid 3.解析：現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。 答案：watching 4.解析： 前有介詞without，后有賓語to remove，應(yīng)填入動(dòng)名詞。 答案：trying 5.continued 6.解析：前有介詞of,后無賓語，應(yīng)填入名詞。 答案： disappointment 7.to help 8.saying 9.will be 10.解析：only接不定式表示意想不到的結(jié)果,年輕人沒想到巨石底下有一袋錢。 答案：to find 二、 1.解析:根據(jù)語境，孩子們是通過取笑、捉弄并偷梨等行為而使她抓狂，故D對(duì)。 答案：D 2.解析:shout sth.at sb.對(duì)某人喊叫，其余幾個(gè)詞均無此搭配，故B項(xiàng)正確。 答案：B 3.解析:由句意可知過路人是暫住一晚，故用stay。 答案：A 4.解析:由句意可知此人有一副“誠實(shí)的”臉，與下文的“...did not look trustworthy to her”形成反襯，其余各詞均不符合語境。 答案：B 5.解析:根據(jù)上下文可知，老太太是很好地款待了過路人，故選C。 答案：C 6.解析:由下文可知“任何爬上梨樹的人都不可以下來”是老太太的愿望，而不是“建議（suggestion）”，“要求（demand）”或“允許（permission）”，故選D。 答案：D 7.解析:should與第二、三人稱連用，表示說話者的意愿，意為“就，該”。could,might表“可能”，must表“必須”。 答案：B 8.解析:根據(jù)下文“...she gave the tree permission...”可知，此句句意為“……直到她允許，爬上樹的人才可以下來”，故選A。 答案：A 9.解析:上下文信息題。上文提到孩子們經(jīng)?！皉un away with pears”，由此可知此處是指偷她的梨，故D項(xiàng)正確。 答案：D 10.解析:根據(jù)行文邏輯，應(yīng)是孩子們苦苦乞求好久后她才放行，故用before（過……才……）。 答案：D 11.解析:上下文人稱一致，句意為：讓孩子們下樹，故選B。 答案：B 12.解析:根據(jù)上文，Aunty Misery經(jīng)常被孩子們捉弄，梨也經(jīng)常被偷，現(xiàn)在有了這個(gè)“魔愿”，終于擺脫了那種“煩惱”，故選C。 答案：C 13.解析:step into 進(jìn)入、步入；leave for動(dòng)身前往；stop at 在……逗留；walk around散步。根據(jù)情景，另一個(gè)人在她的門口逗留，而不是其他意思，故選C。 答案：C 14.解析:根據(jù)行文邏輯，上句提到這人看起來不可信與下半句她問他是誰之間構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故A項(xiàng)正確。 答案：A 15.解析:take sb.with sb.帶某人走；take sb.for sb.把某人誤認(rèn)為……；其余兩項(xiàng)無此用法。根據(jù)情景，死神是來奪取Aunty Misery性命的，故選A。 答案：A 三、 （一） 1.解析：從also推知harmful與detrimental同義，意思是“不利的，有害的”。 答案：有害的，不利的 2.解析：從as a rose leaf in water（水中的玫瑰花瓣）可知buoyant是形容詞，意為“漂浮的”。 答案：漂浮的 3.解析：從wars and great scientific discoveries可知epochal的意思是 “重要的”。 答案： 重要的 4.解析：常識(shí)告訴我們“玻璃易碎”，此處用以描繪人，意思是“脆弱的”。 答案：脆弱的 5.解析：他掉進(jìn)溝里，躺在那幾分鐘，劃線單詞的意思是“半清醒的、半昏迷的”。 答案：半昏迷的 （二） Ⅰ. The author gives us some advice on how to help a teenager grow up,including giving him space to grow,letting him solve the problems himself,respecting his privacy and being ready to help him. Ⅱ. 1.解析：主旨大意題。第一段最后一句已經(jīng)點(diǎn)明主旨，通讀全文也知本文的目的是幫助青少年成長。 答案：D 2.解析：從If your child is unwilling to discuss something,dont insist he tell you whats on his mind推知clam up意為refuse to talk。 答案：C 3.解析：A總結(jié)了段落大意，其余三項(xiàng)都太片面。 答案：A 4.解析：從第二段可知答案。 答案：B 111