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111 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 單元要點預覽（旨在讓同學整體了解本單元要點） 詞匯 部分詞語 辨析 1. scene / sight / view / scenery 2. permit / allow / let 3. scream / shout 詞形 變化 1. believe vt.&vi.相信；認為 belief n. 相信，信念，信仰 believable adj.可相信的 unbelievable adj.難以置信的 2. survive vi.幸存，繼續(xù)存在 vt.幸免于；挺過來 survival n.幸存，幸存者，殘存物 survivor n.未死的人；殘存者 3. permit v. 允許 n.許可證，執(zhí)照 permission n. 允許，許 可，準許 4. patience n. 忍耐，耐心 patient adj. 有耐心的 impatient adj. 不耐煩的 5. rude adj.粗魯的，不禮貌的 rudely adv. 粗魯地；粗略地 rudeness n.粗魯，不禮貌 6. present adj. 出席的 presence n.出席，到場 7. adventure n. 奇遇；冒險 adventurous adj.冒險 的，驚險的 adventurer n.冒險者 重點 單詞 1. bet n.&v. 賭；打賭；賭錢 2. fault n. 缺點；錯誤，過錯；故障 vt.挑剔，指責 3. spot vt. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；認出 n. 污點；斑點；地點 4. passage n. 通道；（書、講話、音樂等的）一段，一節(jié)；通過，消逝；旅費 5. account n. 說明；理由；計算，賬目 vi.&vt.認為；說明；解釋總；計有 6. seek vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 尋找；探索；尋求 7. amount n.數(量)；總額 vi.(to)合計；接近 8. bow [bau] vi.&vt. 鞠躬；彎腰 [b?u] n.[c] 弓，蝴蝶結；鞠躬 重點 詞組 1. bring up 培養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育或教育某人；提出；嘔吐某物 2. go ahead 執(zhí)行，進行，前進，（于祈使句）可以，往下說，用吧，開始吧 3. by accident 偶然；無意中 4. to be honest 老實說；說實話 5. on the contrary 與此相反；正相反[只作狀語] 6. take a chance 冒險，碰運氣 7. as for 至于，關于 重點句子 1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 2. The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 3. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. 重點語法 情態(tài)動詞的兩類重要用法：1．表示推測 2．征詢意見（見語法部分） 語言要點（模塊） Ⅰ.詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. scene / sight / view / scenery 【解釋】 scene 指某一處的自然風光 scenery（總稱）自然景物，天然風光，是由多個scenes構成的自然風景。 sight 景象，風景，名勝，側重值得看的事物或很難看的東西和很可笑的事物；視力/眼界 view 景色，風景，側重從人所處的角度（從遠處或高處）以眼所看到的景色。 【練習】根據句子意思用scene，sight，view，scenery的適當形式填空。 1). Guilin is famous for its beautiful _______. 2). The _______ is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east. 3). You can get a wonderful _______at the top of the tower. 4). The flowers are a lovely _______ in spring. 5). He began to lose his _______six years ago. Keys: 1). scenery 2). scene 3). view 4). sight 5). sight 2. permit / allow / let 【解釋】 let允許，讓，常用于口語中，一般不用于被動語態(tài)。后接不帶to的不定式作賓補。 permit和allow意思相近，都表示“允許，準許”。permit稍正式一些，多指上級對下級或長輩對晚輩的準許,語氣較強；allow多指聽任或不管教某人做某事。 常用句型allow/permit sb. to do sth. be allowed/permitted to do sth. allow/permit doing sth. 【練習】根據句子意思用permit，allow或所給詞的適當形式填空。 1). Students are not _________ to enter the Net Bar. 2). My mother wouldn’ t let me _______ (go) to the film. 3). We don’ t allow _______ (smoke) in our office. 4). Weather _______ (permit), we’ ll go outing this weekend. Keys: 1). allowed/permitted 2). go 3). smoking 4). permitting 3. scream / shout 【解釋】 scream指因痛苦、恐懼、激動或生氣而喊叫、尖叫，聲音大而尖利，常與to連用 shout指因憤怒或為引起注意而發(fā)出的聲音，大喊，大叫，大聲說話，常常與at連用 【練習】根據句子意思用scream，shout的適當形式填空。 1). There was a huge bang and people started _______. 2). Two women were _______ at each other outside the supermarket. 3). I had to _______ to make myself heard. 4). The fans _______ with excitement when they saw him. Keys: 1). screaming 2). shouting 3). shout 4). screamed Ⅱ. 詞性變化（旨在提供語法填空所需材料） 1. believe vt.&vi.相信；認為 belief n. 相信，信念，信仰 believable adj.可相信的 unbelievable adj.難以置信的 2. survive vi.幸存，繼續(xù)存在 vt.幸免于；挺過來 survival n.幸存，幸存者，殘存物 survivor n.未死的人；殘存者 3. permit v. 允許 n.許可證，執(zhí)照 permission n. 允許，許 可，準許 4. patience n. 忍耐，耐心 patient adj. 有耐心的 impatient adj. 不耐煩的 5. rude adj.粗魯的，不禮貌的 rudely adv. 粗魯地；粗略地 rudeness n.粗魯，不禮貌 6. present adj. 出席的 presence n.出席，到場 7. adventure n. 奇遇；冒險 adventurous adj.冒險 的，驚險的 adventurer n.冒險者 【練習】用括號內所提供詞的適當形式填空。 1). The principal’ s ________ (present) at the party didn’ t seem to be very welcome. 2). Finally he lost his ________ (patient) and started to yell at his mother. 3). It would be _______ (believe) that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends. 4). My husband loves ________ (adventure) life while I enjoy a more peaceful life. 5). He was punished for his _______ (rude) to his teacher. 6). They entered the area without. ________ (permit). 7) You cannot enter a military base without a _______ (permit). 8). The prisoners _________ (permit) two hours’ exercise a day. 9). This grand park is a rare _________ (survive) from the eighteenth century. Keys: 1). presence 2). patience 3). unbelievable 4). adventurous 5). rudeness 6). permission 7). permit 8). are/were permitted 9). survivor Ⅲ.重點詞匯（旨在提供詞匯綜合運用材料） 1. bet n. 賭；打賭 v. 打賭；賭錢 [典例] 1). He often bets a 1ot of money on horses. 他經常在賽馬上豪賭。 2). I bet that it will rain tomorrow. 我敢肯定說明天一定會下雨。 [重點用法] bet on為某事打賭 make a bet on 為某事打賭 win/lose a bet 打賭贏/輸了 [練習] 按要求翻譯。 1).We ______ ______ ______ ______ (打賭)the outcome of the next horse race. 2).他把所有的錢都用在賭馬上。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). make a bet on 2). He spends all his money betting on horses. 2. fault n. 缺點；錯誤，過錯；故障 vt.挑剔，指責 faulty adj.有缺點的；不完善的 faultless adj.不可挑剔的 [典例] 1). I like him despite his faults. 雖然他有種種缺點, 但我仍然喜歡他。 2). No one could fault his performance. 他的演出無懈可擊。 [重點用法] find fault (with sb/sth) 找（某人/事物的）錯/茬兒；埋怨（某人/事物） It’ s one’ s fault 是某人的過錯 [練習] 按要求翻譯或填空。 1). It was _______ _______ (他的過錯) that we were late. 2). I have no fault to find _______ (介詞) your work. 3). 她總是找我的茬兒。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). his fault 2). with 3). She’ s always finding fault with me. 3. spot vt. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；認出 n. 污點；斑點；地點 spotless adj. 沒有斑點的，干凈的 [典例] 1). She spotted her friend in the crowd. 她在人群中認出了她的朋友。 2). She was wearing a white skirt with red spots 她穿著一件白底紅點兒的裙子。 3). This is the very spot where he was murdered. 他就是在這兒遭謀殺的。 [重點用法] spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 on the spot = on the scene到（在）現(xiàn)場；當場 [練習] 用spot的短語或其適當形式填空。 1). The police ______ him driving a stolen car. 2). The police were ______ ______ ______ within a few minutes of my telephone call. 3). He keeps his house _______. Keys: 1). spotted 2). on the spot 3). spotless 4. passage n. 通道；（書、講話、音樂等的）一段，一節(jié)；經過，通過，消逝；旅費 [典例] 1). They were denied passage through the occupied territory. 他們被禁止穿越占領區(qū)。 2). He worked his passage to Australia. 他在去澳大利亞旅行的船上做工償付船費。 [重點用法] with the passage of time 隨著時間的推移 [練習] 按要求翻譯或填空。 1). Her confidence grew. _______ _______ (隨著時間的推移) that we were late. 2). Several passages _______ (介詞) the book were printed in a national newspaper before it was published. Keys: 1). with the passage of time 2). from 5. account n. 說明；理由；計算，賬目 vi.&vt. 認為；說明；解釋總；計有 [典例] 1). I’ m going to the bank to open a new account. 我去銀行開個新賬戶。 2). Bad weather accounted for the long delay. 長期的延緩是因為壞天氣。 [重點用法] account for導致；做出解釋；總計有 on account of = because of 因為 open an account在銀行開個戶頭 keep an account of記錄，記載 take sth. into account/consideration考慮到某事 [練習] 用account的短語填空。 1). The League members in our school ______ ______ half of the students. 2). He doesn’ t drink alcohol _______ _______ his health. 3). She couldn’ t _______ _______ her foolish mistake. Keys: 1). account for 2). on account of 3). account for 6. seek vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 尋找；探索；尋求 [典例] 1). You must seek permission from the manager. 你需請求經理批準。 2). The explanation is not far to seek. 這種解釋不難理解。 3). They are seeking to mislead us. 他們竭力誤導我們。 [重點用法] seek (for/after) sth./sb. 尋找某人/某物 seek to do sth. 試圖做某事 seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success追求幸福﹑安逸﹑財富、成功 [練習] 用所給詞的適當形式填空。 1). I think it’ s time we ________ (seek) legal advice. 2). They are seeking ________ (change) the rules. Keys: 1). sought 2). to change 7. amount n.數(量)；總額 vi.(to)合計；接近 [典例] 1). Can you really afford this amount? 你真付得起這個總數嗎? 2). The cost amounted to 250. 費用共達250英鎊。 [重點用法] a (large/small) amount of + n.[u] + v. (單數) (large/small) amounts of + n.[u] + v. (復數) in (large/small) amounts [作狀語]大（少）量地 amount to... 共達……，合計…… [練習] 用amount的短語翻譯或所給詞的適當形式填空。 1). Duting the earthquake, a large amount of damage _______ (do) in a very short time. 2). Large amounts of money _______ (spend) rebuilding the temple. 3). At that time, mall amounts of land _______ (use) for keeping animals. 4). Food was provided _______ _______ _______ (供應多少不等). 5). The total cost of repairs _______ _______ (供應多少不等) US$100. Keys: 1). was done 2). were spent 3). were used 4). in different amounts 5). amounted to 8. bow [bau] vi.&vt. 鞠躬；彎腰 [b?u] n.[c] 弓，蝴蝶結；鞠躬 [典例] 1). We all bowed to the Queen. 我們都向女王鞠躬致敬。 2). His back was bowed with age. 他因年老而駝背。 [重點用法] bow to/before sb. 向某人鞠躬 bow to sth. 向……低頭；接受某事 [練習] 用bow的短語或其適當形式填空。 1). The boss ______ ______ the demands of the workers. 2). The cast ______ as the audience applauded. Keys: 1). bowed to 2). bowed Ⅳ.重點詞組（旨在提供詞匯綜合運用材料） 1. bring up 培養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育或教育某人；提出；嘔吐某物 [典例] 1). She brought up five children. 她養(yǎng)育了五個孩子。 2). Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 她出生後不久 父母雙亡, 是由姑母撫養(yǎng)大的。 [重點用法] bring sb. up to be/as 培養(yǎng)某人成為 bring sb. up to do sth. 培養(yǎng)某人要…… [練習] 用bring的短語填空。 1). He was ______ ______ ______ ______ authority (從小就受到尊敬師長的教育). 2). He ______ ______ a good suggestion at the meeting. 3). She was so sick that she ______ ______ all that she had had. Keys: 1). brought up to respect 2). brought up / put forward 3). brought up 2. go ahead 執(zhí)行，進行，前進，（于祈使句）可以，往下說，用吧，開始吧 [典例] 1). Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead. 盡管天氣不好，旅行將照常進行。 2). The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.新橋的修建將按計劃進行。 [短語歸納] (be) ahead of 在之前；領先于；勝過 ahead of time / in advance 提前 [練習] 用ahead短語填空。 1). After a pause, he ______ _______ with his speech. 2). The new bridge was completed _______ _______ _______. 3). _______ _______ _______ (徑直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left. 4). —— Could I use your bike? —— _______ _______. Keys: 1). went ahead/on 2). ahead of time 3). Go straight ahead 4). Go ahead 3. by accident = by chance 偶然；無意中 [典例] 1). Last time I ran across her in the street by accident. 上次我偶然在街上碰見她。 2). I only found it by accident. 我只是碰巧找到的。 [短語歸納] by + n. 短語： by contrast 對比之下 by mistake 錯誤地 by hand 用手，用體力 by machine 用機器 [練習] 用by + n. 構成的詞組填空。 1). I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’ s umbrella ________. 2). These toys are made ______ instead of ______, so they are very expensive. 3). She had found the file ______. Keys: 1). by accident/chance 2). by hand; by machine 3). by accident 4. to be honest = to tell (you) the truth = honestly speaking老實說；說實話 [典例] 1). To be honest, I have no time to do it. 老實說，我沒有時間做這件事情。 2). To be honest, I don't think we have a chance of winning. 說實話, 我認為我們沒有獲勝的可能. [短語歸納] 英語中表示“……說”的短語： generally speaking一般來說 exactly speaking確切地說 to be frank = frankly speaking坦率地說 in general一般地來說 in other words換句話說 or rather更確切地說 to sum up概括地說 that is 也就是說 [練習] 用表示“……說”的短語填空。 1). ________, women live longer than men. 2). He got home late last night, _______ early this morning. 3). ________, I don’ t enjoy the performance. Keys: 1). Generally speaking 2). or rather 3). To be frank/honest 5. on the contrary 與此相反；正相反[只作狀語] [典例] 1). It doesn’ t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’ s rather beautiful. 我覺得它并不丑, 恰恰相反, 它挺美。 2). It wasn’ t a good thing; on the contrary, it was a huge mistake. 這并不是一件好事，相反，這是個巨大的錯誤。 [短語歸納] contrary短語： to the contrary（表明是）相反的；相反地[作定語和狀語] (be) contrary to 違反（某事物）；與……相反 [練習] 用contrary短語填空。 1). The car isn’ t expensive. ______ ______ ______, it’s quite cheap. 2). I will come on Monday unless you write me ______ ______ ______. 3). I will continue to believe it until I get proof ______ ______ ______. 4). The results were ______ ______ expectation. Keys: 1). On the contrary 2). to the contrary 3). to the contrary 4). contrary to 6. take a chance = take chances冒險，碰運氣 [典例] He took a big chance when he made the investment. 當時他投資時是冒了大風險的。 [短語歸納] chance短語： have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth/ to do sth/ that....大有希望/沒有可能/沒什麼希望做某事 by chance: by accident: accidentally: unintentionally 偶然地；意外地；非有意地 the chances are (that)...: it is likely that... 很可能…… give sb. a chance 給某人一個機會 a chance of lifetime千載難逢的機會 [練習] 用chance短語填空。 1). The guide book didn’ t mention there being any hotels, but we decided to ______ ______ ______. 2). You should never ______ ______ when driving a car. 3). What are the chances ______ (介詞) his coming? 4). 很可能她要來。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5). 我遇見她完全是偶然的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). take a chance 2). take chances 3). of 4). The chances are that / It’ s likely that she’ ll be coming. 5). I met her quite by chance. 7. as for 至于，關于 [典例] As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself. 至於你, 你應該感到慚愧。 [短語歸納] contrary短語： as to 至于，關于；提到；就……而論(至于，說到) [練習] 翻譯。 1). He was uncertain ______ ______ (至于) which road to take. 2). Would you be so kind _______ _______ (至于) help me to move the stone? 3). 關于我的過去,我什么都不會告訴你。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). as to 2). as to 3). As for my past, I’ m not telling you anything. Ⅴ.重點句子（旨在提供句子結構等所需材料） 1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 快到黃昏的時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一陣大風刮到了大海上。 [解釋] find +sb./sth. + 賓語補足語 = find + (that) + sb./sth. + 謂語動詞 搭配 find +sb./sth. doing 發(fā)現(xiàn)……在做……(主動) find sb./sth. done發(fā)現(xiàn)……被做……(被動) find oneself in/at... 發(fā)覺自己在某處／處于…… 例如： 1). I found that the boy was hiding behind the door. = I found the boy hiding behind the door. 2). When day broke, we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain. [練習] 用所給詞的適當形式填空或翻譯。 1). I found the boy _______ (hide) behind the door. 2). When day broke, we _______ _______ _______ (發(fā)現(xiàn)我們到了一個村子里) a small village at the foot of the mountain. 3). The film star________ ________ ________ ________ (發(fā)覺自己被圍住) a group of fans immediately he got off the car. 4). He found a wallet ________ (lie) on the ground. Keys: 1). hiding 2). found ourselves in 3). found himself surrounded by 4). lying 2. The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，正當我感到絕望時一船發(fā)現(xiàn)了我。 [解釋] 句中when為并列連詞，譯為“就在這時”，表示一種未預料到或突然發(fā)生的情況，常用于講述過去發(fā)生的事情或故事。when常用于以下句型： 1). be about to do …when… 正要做某事就…… 2). be on the point of doing…when… 正要做某事就…… 3). be doing…when… 正在做某事就在這時…… 4). had just done sth. when... 剛做完某事就…… 5). had hardly done…when… 幾乎還沒有做完某事就…… 例如： 1). He was about to go out when it bagan to rain. 他正要出去時天下起雨來了。 2). I’ d just finished my test paper when the bell rang. 我剛做完試卷下課鈴就響了。 3). The boy was riding when he fell off his bike. 那個小孩正在騎車，就在這時，摔了下來。 [練習] 翻譯句子。 1) 他正要出去時天下起雨來了。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 2) 我剛做完試卷下課鈴就響了。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3) 那個小孩正騎著車，就在這時，摔了下來。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). He was about to go out when it bagan to rain. 2). I’ d just finished my test paper when the bell rang. 3). The boy was riding when he fell off his bike. 3. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. 您只要想來隨時歡迎，您想吃什么盡管吃。 [解釋] （1）疑問詞+ ever可引導名詞性從句，相當于anyone who, anything that, any time when等，用來加強語氣 如： 1). Whoever says that is a liar. 說那話的人是個騙子。 2). I’ ll believe whatever you say. 我將相信你所說的一切。 3). You can choose whatever you like in the shop. = You can choose anything that you like in the shop. （2）疑問詞+ ever還可引導讓步狀語從句, 相當于no matter + 疑問詞。如： 1). Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished. = No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. 2). Whenever you have problems, you may turn to me for help. = No matter when you have problems, you may turn to me for help. [練習] 翻譯。 1). _______ _______ _______ (無論何時) you have problems, you may turn to me for help. 2). 我將相信你所說的一切。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3). 無論你說什么，我都相信你。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). Whenever / No matter when 2). I’ ll believe whatever you say. 3). Whatever you say, I’ ll believe you. / No matter what you say, I’ ll believe you. 111