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111 一、什么是定語 定語是對名詞或者代詞進行修飾或者限定的成分,定語一般可以翻譯成“….的”二、定語可以由什么充當(dāng)。 the green team ______________ a girl in red _______________ a book written by Luxun _____________ the girl sitting next to me ______________ the work to be done __________________ a lady who sat next to a black man ______________________ 三、定語從句的三大要素 1. 定語從句______________________________________________ 2. 先行詞__________________________________________________ 3. 關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞）_________________________________ 關(guān)系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 關(guān)系副詞有 when, where, why 四、判斷下列復(fù)合句中的從句是否為定語從句。 1. The man that helped you is Mr. White. 2. Our teachers and parents hoped that we can enter a good university after graduating from Huairen high school three years later. 3. This is the school bag which my mother bought me yesterday. 4. The one who cleans the blackboard should be praised. 5. China is no longer what it used to be. 6. I don’t know the boy whom you gave the book to just now 五、關(guān)系詞的三大功能 1. 引導(dǎo)定語從句 2. 在從句中替代先行詞（從句中不能再出現(xiàn)先行詞或代替先行詞的代詞） 3. 在定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分 功能2講解： 判斷下列兩組定語從句的正誤 ① The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school. ② The student whom we saw him just now is the best runner in our school. ③ The trees which are behind the office building have lost their leaves. ④ The trees which they are behind the office building have lost their leaves. 功能3講解見課本P8 六、關(guān)系代詞的用法 1. 在定語從句中，當(dāng)先行詞為物時，關(guān)系代詞可以用that 或which, 在從句中可以做主語或賓語，其中做賓語時可以被省略。 ? The earthquake which/that happened in 1906 was the biggest in American history. ? The train which/that has just left is for Shanghai. ? He likes the birthday presents that/which/ his friends gave him. ? I’ll tell you the things that/which/ I have heard 練練吧： ① The paintings ______________ David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room. ② This is the book ____________ I bought yesterday. ③ This is the factory ___________ produces famous bikes. ④ We all hope to enter a university _____________ is beautiful and famous. 2. 在定語從句中，當(dāng)先行詞為人時， 關(guān)系代詞可以用that, who, whom, 其中that 和who 在從句中可以做主語或者賓語，whom 只能做賓語，做賓語時，這三個關(guān)系代詞都可以被省略掉。 ? I’m going to see a friend who/that has just come back from the UK. ? She is the teacher who/that taught us English Literature. ? The student whom/who/that we saw at the school gate is from America. ? I don’t know the man whom/who/that my mother is talking to. 練練吧： ① Do you know the student ____________ left a moment ago? ② Most of the students _______________ he taught have become his friends. ③ A football fan is a person _________ has a strong interest in football. ④ The students _____________ have finished your homework put up your hands. 3. whose 在定語從句中表示一種所屬關(guān)系，可翻譯為“…的”，既可以指人，也可以指物，相當(dāng)于of which/whom. 在定語從句中做定語。 ? I sat next to a girl whose name was Diane. = I sat nest to a girl the name of whom was Diane. ? The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon. = The club the members of which are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon. 練練吧： ① A person __________ email account（郵箱）is full won’t be able to send or receive any emails. ② His parents wouldn’t let him marry the girl ___________ family was poor. ③ The book ___________ cover is green is mine. ④ Weihua attended a school in the UK ___________ school hours are quite different from the school hours in China. 七、五個關(guān)系代詞的用法小結(jié) 關(guān)系代詞 指人/指物 在從句中的成分 可否省略 that which who whose 八、定語從句謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)該和先行詞保持一致。 1. I, who _______ (be) your friend, will try my best to help you. 2. Li Ying is one of the girls in the village ________ to college. A. who goes B. who go C. who went D. who had gone 3. Li Ying is the only one of the girls in the village ____ to college. A. who goes B. who go C. who went D. who had gone 九、當(dāng)先行詞為物時，只能使用關(guān)系代詞that 引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況（金榜直通P15） 十、定語從句中必須使用陳述語序。 鞏固練習(xí)： 一、 填空（盡量把能用的關(guān)系代詞都用上，如果關(guān)系詞做賓語則用括號括起來） 1. My brother ____________ you met last month has gone abroad. 2. Those _______ not only learn from books but also through practice will succeed. 3. You have many people around you ______________ are kind to you. 4. Football _________ is a very interesting game is played all over the world. 5. That is the man _____________ house has burned down. 6. Have you noticed the house _____________ windows are closed now. 7. Those students __________ want to go camping please tell the monitor. 8. He has written a book ___________ name I have forgotten. 9. The book is the only one _______________ I want to read. 10. This is the best factory _____________ produces famous bikes. 11. Finally, the thief handed everything ____________ he had stolen to the police. 12. He talked about the classmates and school __________ he had visited. 13. All _________ needs to be done has been done. 14. Have you got anything ___________ belongs to me? 15. He is always the first students ________ arrives at the classroom. 16. The only thing _________ could be done is to find our way home. 17. Who is the boy __________ is playing basketball there? 18. Which is the correct answer ________ can be chosen? 19. You have seen the girl __________ sister is a teacher. 二、 翻譯下列句子 20. Here is the pen ___________________________________(你昨天丟的). 21. He is the most careful boy __________________________(我所知道的). 22. I have lost the watch _____________________________(我父親給我的). 23. Wheat is a plant _____________________________(中國北方種植的). 24. The teacher _________________________(站在附近的) saw what happened. 25. The girl __________________________(告訴我消息的) is not here now. 26. The man _________________________(在這間屋子工作的) is a chemist. 27. The boys ____________________(住在這所房子里的) are physics students. 28. The young man _________________________(從我們身旁走過去的) is the assistant of our chemistry lab. 29. The woman _______________________(教我們歷史的) is named ZhangLi. 三、 單項選擇 30. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. who D. / 31. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. that C. / D. it 32. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. which B. in which C. that D. all 33. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday. A. which B. whom C. whose D. this 34. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door B. which lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door 35. Those ____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands. A. which B. whom C. that D. who 36. He is the most careful boy _____ I know. A. what B. which C. as D. ./ 37. October 1, 1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget. A. when ??????????? B. that?????????????? C. where?????????? D. in which 38. Is this museum _____ they visited last month? A. that??????????????? B. which?????????? C. where??????????? D. the one 40. He talked about the men and books ______ interested him greatly in the school. A. that B. when C. who D. which 41. I’ve read all the books ______ our teacher requires us to read. A. which B. that C. what D. they 42. This is the very building ______ I’ve been looking for the whole morning A. which B. that C. where D. in which 43. Is this the house ______ the great musician was born in? A. which B. where C. the one D. it 44. We should learn form those ______ are always ready to help other. A. who B. whom C. they D. that 45. Who ______ knows him would believe him? A. whom B. who C. that D. which 46. My cousin ______ body is slim, still wants to lose some weight. A. who B. that C. whose D. his 47. The younger singer ______ voice sounds sweet is good at singing popular songs. A. who B. who’s C. which D. whose 48. Is this the factory _______ you visited the other day? A. in which B. which C. where D. the one 49. Is this factory _______ you visited the other day? A. in which B. which C. where D. the one 50. Who is the girl _____ is crying over there? A. who B. whom C. that D. which 111