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111 Unit1 Being a Teenager 知識(shí)總結(jié) 　　Read the following first and then answer the questions after it（or have a discussion）. 　　Teenagers speak of themselves 　　On parents, teachers and the generation gap. The generation gap（代溝）is widening but it seems they（parents and teachers）don't care. Most of them think they're always right and are always shouting "shut up" at us. My parents just can't forget those silly mistakes I made in primary school（小學(xué)）and continue to suggest that I'm devoid of any merits（沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)優(yōu)點(diǎn)）. 　　They never show any appreciation（欣賞）when I make progress. They always peer in at（偷看）my room, looking as if they care about me a lot, but they never ask, "Hey boy! What are you thinking about these days? "I want more conversations, conversations on an equal level with adults. At present, they're only telling me things, not listening to me. 　　Questions: l. How are you getting on with your parents or teachers? 　　2. What do you expect from parents or teachers? 　　常言說(shuō)，行為決定習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣決定性格，性格決定命運(yùn)。青少年時(shí)期是個(gè)多夢(mèng)的季節(jié)，青少年的性格也多是開(kāi)朗活潑、自信可愛(ài)。此處特選取與青少年生活關(guān)系密切的材料供教師備課參考。 　　PERSONALITYTEST性格自測(cè) Do you know who you are? 　　Editor's notes: 　　The Chinese Zodiac（生肖）consists of a 12-year cycle, each year of which is named after a different animal that is said to bring distinct characteristics（突出的特征）to its year. Some Chinese believe that the year of a person's birth has something to do with their personality traits（性格特征）, degree of success and happiness. Just for fun, here are 4 signs from your age group. 　　Charming, smart and cheerful—if you were born in the year of the Rat（1984）, you make an attractive friend to almost anyone. 　　You may appear to be silent, but it's just that you prefer to hide your feelings. Actually excitement finds its way easily into your heart. You often poke your nose into others' business, but you mean well You are thrifty（節(jié)儉的）, but when it comes to close friends and relatives, you can be very generous（大方的）. This is because you treasure your relationships with them. 　　Hard-working and imaginative, you are likely to be a perfectionist. But you do tend to be critical（愛(ài)批評(píng)的）, especially about others' laziness and waste. With a surprisingly strong memory and natural instinct for accumulating（積攢）. Rats make excellent writers and journalists. 　　Your keen minds always seek out new knowledge. This ever-curious Rat also welcomes challenges as a way to stay sharp. With high aims, you are usually successful. Even in terrible times, you can overcome difficulties almost immediately, for self protection is your strongest instinct. 　　The biggest stumbling block on your way to success is greed（貪婪）. You often want to do too many things at the same time, which diffuses（分散）your energy. 　　Tigers（born in 1986）are broad-minded and quick to take action. But you are also sensitive（敏感的）and suspicious. Sometimes you cannot make up your mind, which can result in a poor, hasty（草率的）decision, or a good decision made too late. 　　Born under the sign of courage, you are a natural leader. But you often feel things stronger than others, which affects your moods easily. You can react poorly under pressure and are likely to flare up suddenly. 　　You might be rebellious, as you hate obeying orders. You are never one to step back from a fight. You can be over-sensitive to others' criticism. 　　Honest, open and generous, you have a magic sense of humour. You are tender especially to babies and animals. You do everything with energy and enthusiasm（熱情）. Once you get into your job, you may forget all other things, even breathing. 　　Full of new ideas, you never stay in one place for long. Your life is a series of ups and downs, but you are very adaptable（適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的）. 　　A lesson that you should learn is "moderation in all things". Once you can find out your centre and direct your considerable energies toward worthwhile goals you will be highly successful. 突破思路 　　 本教材信息量、容量比較大，每個(gè)單元一開(kāi)始就是課文，也沒(méi)有與課文內(nèi)容相配合的練習(xí)。教師感到不好下手，學(xué)生更感到束手無(wú)策。因此對(duì)本單元內(nèi)容的處理宜遵循（1）Integrative；（2）Interactive；（2）Inclusive；（4）Inductive；（5）Take risks的原則。根據(jù)新課標(biāo)和模塊教學(xué)的特點(diǎn)，對(duì)本教材的使用可以有所取舍、選擇和整合，以保證最大限度地適應(yīng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的需要。Unit l第一課時(shí)，先對(duì)第一篇課文進(jìn)行處理，建議當(dāng)作精讀材料來(lái)學(xué)，先讓學(xué)生總體感知，掌握大意，然后回答一些與課文有關(guān)的問(wèn)題。對(duì)課文中的語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)歸納與講解，但同時(shí)也要盡可，能地啟發(fā)學(xué)生進(jìn)行思考。最后應(yīng)讓學(xué)生就開(kāi)學(xué)第一天的感受進(jìn)行討論，布置一定數(shù)量的鞏固練習(xí)，第二課時(shí)Language Learning；第三課時(shí)Grammar and Listening；第四課時(shí)Speaking and Writing第五課時(shí)Passages in SectionⅣ（可多可少，有選擇地進(jìn)行），其他時(shí)間可做相關(guān)練習(xí)。另外鑒于本書(shū)詞匯量大這一現(xiàn)實(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)可抽時(shí)間通讀一下本單元單詞。 　　根據(jù)新課標(biāo)的精神，課堂教學(xué)必須由teacher-centered轉(zhuǎn)到student-centered。對(duì)高、中、低檔三種學(xué)生可以有不同的要求。高檔學(xué)生在較好的掌握課本的基礎(chǔ)上，可再擴(kuò)充一些內(nèi)容，建議通讀另外版本的教材或多做一些課外閱讀。中檔學(xué)生掌握好課本內(nèi)容。低檔學(xué)生有重點(diǎn)地掌握好課本內(nèi)容，對(duì)部分內(nèi)容根據(jù)自己的情況有所取舍。 句型剖析 　　1．She was wearing the same jeans as mine, so I guess… 　　the same＋（ .）as…和……一樣。 　　【案例】—Is your camera like Bill and Ann's? 　　—No, but it's almost the same as ______. 　　　　A. her　　　　　 B. yours　　　　 C. them　　　　　D. their 　　解析：本題考查代詞用法，但結(jié)構(gòu)形式是the same…as，意思是“——你的相機(jī)同貝爾和安的相同嗎?——不，同你的一模一樣?！痹诒揪渲袕?qiáng)調(diào)的是相機(jī)的比較。答案為B。yours相當(dāng)于your camera。 　　注意：如果強(qiáng)調(diào)同一個(gè)事物要用the same…that。 　　eg. I want to read just the same novel that you read yesterday. 　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：注意固定結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。 　　2．I must get used to my new school, new teachers and new classmates. 　　be（get）used to / used to / be used to do 　　【案例】He ______ home once a week, but after entering middle school, he ______ home once a month. 　　　　A. was used to go; was used to go 　　　　B. used to go; was used to go 　　　　C. was used to go; used to 　　　　D. used to go; was used to going 　　解析：本題考查固定短語(yǔ)的用法。意思是“他過(guò)去一周回家一次，但是進(jìn)入高中后，他習(xí)慣了一個(gè)月回家一次?！边@三個(gè)短語(yǔ)形式相似，但意義不同。be / get used（ .）to doing是習(xí)慣于做某事。（used是 .，to是 .）；used to do是過(guò)去慣常于做；be used to do是use的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。故答案為D。 　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：注意相似短語(yǔ)的用法。 　　3．"Let me see it", she said, drying…and taking… 　　drying / taking是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，是伴隨著謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said發(fā)生的，在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。這種情況在引文中和考試中比較常見(jiàn)。 　　【案例】The secretary worked late into the night, ______ a long speech for the president. 　　　　A. to prepare　　　　　　　　　　 B. preparing 　　　　C. prepared　　　　　　　　　　　D. was preparing 　　解析：本題考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的用法，答案為B。 　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：注意一些新的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象。 　　拓展： 　?、?Can't you read?" Mary said ______ to the notice. 　　　　A. angrily pointing　　　　　　　　 B. and point angrily 　　　　C. angrily pointed　　　　　　　　　D. and angrily pointing 　　答案：A 　?、赥he visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ______ that he had·enjoyed his stay here. 　　　　A. having added　　　　　　　　　B. to add 　　　　C. adding　　　　　　　　　　　　D. added 　　答案：C 　?、跡uropean football is played in 80 countries, ______ in most popular sport in the world. 　　　　A. making　　　 B. makes　　　　 C. made　　　　 D. to make 　　答案：A 　?、躓hen I got back home, I saw a message pinned to the door, ______"Sorry to miss you; will call later." 　　　　A. read　　　　　B. reads　　　　 C. to read　　　　D. reading 　　答案：D 　　4．…, next time try harder, and you'll succeed. 　　本句結(jié)構(gòu)是：祈使句。and＋簡(jiǎn)單句（一般用將來(lái)時(shí)）。其中，祈使句相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句。如本句也可以說(shuō)成：If you try harder next time, you'll succeed. 　　【案例】______ it with me and I'll see what I can do. 　　　　A. When left　　 B. Leaving　　　　C. If you leave　　D. Leave 　　解析：本句結(jié)構(gòu)同課文中句子結(jié)構(gòu)完全一樣。故答案為D。意思是，把它交給我，我就知道怎么做。 　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：要掌握一些特殊句式。 　　5．What I wouldn't give is to be seventeen again. 　　本句為含有主語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。 　　What I wouldn't give是主語(yǔ)從句。 　　【案例】______ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. 　　　　A. What　　　　 B. That　　　　　C. The fact　　　 D. The matter 　　解析：本題考查what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。意思是：“他在會(huì)上所說(shuō)的使到場(chǎng)的每個(gè)人都很吃驚?！眞hat…所……的。常用在名詞性從句中。故答案為A。 　　6．Do what if I miss a few questions! 　　what if倘使……將會(huì)怎樣；即使……又有什么要緊，是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用法。表示感嘆或疑問(wèn)。 　　【案例】_____if I don't pass the examination? 　　　　A. What happens　　　　　　　　　B. What 　　　　C. Why　　　　　　　　　　　　　D. How the matter 　　解析：顯然考查what if結(jié)構(gòu)。答案為B。意思是：即使我高考通不過(guò)，又會(huì)怎么樣? 　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：習(xí)慣用法，特殊記憶。 　　7．I walked out of the kitchen with heavy steps. 　　…with heavy steps是with短語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于方式狀語(yǔ)。with＋ . 經(jīng)常翻譯成“……地”。如果在此基礎(chǔ)上作些延伸，則變成with＋ . ＋ . / . / participles etc. 則變成with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)有的出現(xiàn)在高考題中。 　　【案例】The murderer was brought in，with his hands ______ behind his back. 　　　　A. being tied　　　　　　　　　　　B. having tied 　　　　C. to be tied　　　　　　　　　　　 D. tied 　　解析：本題考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，說(shuō)明“殺人犯”被帶進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。意思是：殺人犯被帶了進(jìn)來(lái)，雙手捆在后面。雙手和tie（ .）是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用tied，答案為D。 　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：要注意掌握一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)。 詞匯解讀 　　1．a(chǎn)ffect ．/ effect . 　　【案例】Too much drinking _____ him greatly，which meant bad living habits had great ______ on his health. 　　　　A. affects; effects　　　　　　　　　B. affected; effect 　　　　C. affected; effects　　　　　　　　 D. affect; effects 　　解析：本題考查詞匯基本用法。意思是“過(guò)量飲酒對(duì)他影響”很大。也就是不良的生活習(xí)慣對(duì)他的健康產(chǎn)生了很大影響?！边@兩個(gè)詞拼寫(xiě)相近，一個(gè)是動(dòng)詞，一個(gè)是名詞。affect作為及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接跟賓語(yǔ)。effect抽象名詞，一般出現(xiàn)在短語(yǔ)have great / much / some / no / little effect on中。本題答案為B。 　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：注意詞匯基本用法。 　　2．congratulate ./ congratulation . 　　【案例】We offered him our congratulations _____ his passing the college entrance examination. 　　　　A. at　　　　　　B. on　　　　　　C. for　　　　　 D. of 　　解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞（包括動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)名詞形式）后介詞的用法。意思是“我們對(duì)他通過(guò)高考表示祝賀”；congratulate是動(dòng)詞，后跟人作賓語(yǔ)。如果說(shuō)，“在……祝賀某人”，則說(shuō)congratulate sb. on / upon sth. 即使在congratulation（一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式）介詞也用on/upon．故答案是B。 　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：注意單詞基本用法。 111