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新課標(biāo)人教版課件系列,《高中英語》 必修4-1.5,Unit 1 Women of achievement,基礎(chǔ)知識自測,一、單詞拼寫 根據(jù)讀音、詞性和詞義，或英語解釋寫出下列單詞。 1. _________ [di' v?ut] vi. & vt. give wholly or completely to 2. _____________ [k?n' di??n] n. 條件；狀況 3. _____________ ['welfe?] n. 福利（事業(yè)） 4. _____________ [k?m'pein] n. 運(yùn)動；戰(zhàn)役 vi. 參加運(yùn)動 5. _____________ [w?: ?' wail] adj. 值得做的,devote,condition,welfare,campaign,worthwhile,6. ___________ ['institju:t] n. a society formed for a special purpose 7. ___________ [nest] n. 巢；窩 8. ___________ [ris' pekt] vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重 9. ________________ [?ent?' teinm?nt] n. 款待；娛樂 10. ____________ [in' spai?] vt. 鼓舞；感動,institute,nest,respect,entertainment,inspire,11. _________ [5B:^ju:]vi. & vt. to disagree in words 12. _________ [s?' p?:t] vt. & n. 支持；擁護(hù) 13. _________ [straik] vt. & vi. 打擊；打動 n. 罷工 14. _________ [?:tikl] n. 文章；論文 15. _________ [reit] n. 比率；速度 16. _________ [iks' plein] vt. make sth. clear by speaking or writing,argue,support,strike,article,rate,explain,17. ____________ [' medik?l] adj. 醫(yī)學(xué)的 18. ____________ [di' liv?] vt. 遞送的 19. ____________ [' m?dist] adj. 謙虛的；適度的 20. ___________________ [k??mju:ni' kei?n] n. the activity of expressing ideas and feelings,communication,medical,deliver,modest,二、單詞運(yùn)用 根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，在空格處填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，或者用括號中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. The book is _________ (intend) for children. 2. She devoted _________ to her career, but her son devoted much time to _________ (play) computer games. 3. To help children _________ (mean) helping yourself. 4. There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired _________ a day’s work, went late at night to deliver _________ baby to a poor family who could not pay her. 5. We have decided to take no _________ (far) action.,intended,herself,playing,means,after a,further,6. The first question was difficult, but the rest _________ pretty easy. 7. The patients in hospital were ____________ (observe) over a period of several months. 8. It was hard work and determination as well as her good nature _________ had got her into medical school. 9. Mr. Lin is a much loved and highly _________ (respect) teacher. 10. I can never repay your many ____________ (kind) to me.,were,observed,that,respected,kindnesses,三、詞語派生 用括號中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. It was a remarkable ______________ for such a young teacher. (achieve) 2. His _____________________ towards me was becoming more and more aggressive. (behave) 3. Poor people can only afford the most basic _________ treatment. (medicine) 4. She is always polite and _____________ towards her employees. (consideration) 5. He is one of Hilary’s staunchest _______________. (support),achievement,behaviour/behavior,medical,considerate,supporters,6. The suspect is being kept under ______________. (observe) 7. This is an _____________ and disappointing campaign. (inspire) 8. We promise to ___________ within 48 hours. (delivery) 9. Betty spoke ____________ to them. (kindness) 10. She is a ____________ in Japanese history. (special),observation,uninspiring,deliver,kindly,specialist,四、介詞填空 在下列空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 1. Tom looks down _________ anyone who hasn’t had a college education. 2. Dolphins use sound to communicate _________ each other. 3. Mary cared _________ her father all through his long illness. 4. The nurses had decided to dress _________ clowns for Halloween. 5. Students worked _________ pairs on the project.,in,upon/ on,with,for,as,五、詞組互譯 將下列詞組或短語譯成中文或英語。 1. __________________ 心中暗想；自言自語 2. ________________________ 獲得博士學(xué)位 3. __________________走失；離散 4. __________________ 比……差；次于…… 5. __________________ 蔑視；瞧不起 6. ________________ 女扮男裝 7. _________________ 與……交流 8. _________________ 為……而戰(zhàn) 9. _________________ 成對；成雙 10. ________________ 據(jù)理力爭,say to oneself,gain a doctor’s degree,wander off,second to,look down upon/on,dress as a man,in pairs,communicate with,fight for,argue for,11. deliver a baby ____________________ 12. work out _________________________ 13. mean (doing) sth. __________________ 14. choose to do ______________________ 15. set up ___________________________ 16. carry on ________________________ 17. be determined to do _____________________ 18. inspire sb. to (do) sth. _____________________ 19. rather than _____________________________ 20. care for ________________________________,繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,接生,算出,意味著（做）某事,寧愿；偏要,建立,下決心去做,激勵某人去做某事,而不是,照顧,六、詞組運(yùn)用 翻譯填空 根據(jù)漢語意思，從上述短語中選一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~組完成句子。 1. 那孩子走散后迷路了。 The child _______________ and got lost. 2. 新協(xié)議意味著要人接受更低的工資。 The new agreement __________________ lower wages. 3. 我決心解開這個(gè)秘密。 I ________________________ this mystery. 4. 朱莉亞的舞技不亞于任何人。 As a dancer, Julia is ________________ none. 5. 去年我的父母決意在美國定居。 My parents __________________ in America last year.,wandered off,means accepting,am determined to solve,second to,chose to settle,6. 昨晚這個(gè)小孩由一名經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的醫(yī)生接生。 The baby __________________ a skilled doctor last night. 7. 我們用互動表演來激勵孩子們快樂地閱讀。 We use interactive displays to ________________________ for pleasure. 8. 昨天工人們據(jù)理力爭罷工權(quán)利。 Yesterday the workers __________ the right to strike. 9. 我不停地對自己說我不應(yīng)該做這事。 I keep __________________ that I shouldn’t do it. 10. 你干嗎非得自己干，而不請人幫忙？ Why didn’t you ask for help, _______________ trying to do it on your own?,was delivered by,inspire children to read,argued for,saying to myself,rather than,Language points for Reading I Language points for Reading II,Language Data Bank,1. behave,behaved badly,Language points for Reading I,（1）vi. to act; bear oneself 行為；舉止 她表現(xiàn)出了很大的勇氣. She behaved with great courage. 他對顧客的態(tài)度不好. He __________________to the customers.,(2)vt. &vi. to bear (oneself) in a socially accepted or polite way 舉止適當(dāng)或有禮 你應(yīng)該學(xué)會舉止得體 You should ____________________.,learn to behave.,(3) vi. (of things) to act in a particular way（指事物）有某種作用 我的攝像機(jī)自從修好后一直很正常。 My camera_________________________ since it was repaired.,has been behaving well,2. v-ing form 百聞不如一見。 Seeing is believing. 他喜歡在余暇聽音樂。 He ___________________________ in his spare time.,enjoys listening to music,他現(xiàn)在正在游泳池里練習(xí)游泳 He_______________________ in the swimming pool now.,is practising swimming,3. worthwhile (可作定語和表語) a worthwhile experiment/job. The experiment is worthwhile. It is worthwhile to do sth/ doing It is worthwhile to do the job. doing the job. Cf. worth prep/n be worth (doing) sth The book is __________________.,well worth reading.,= It is worthwhile to read the book.,4. spend 你暑假怎么打發(fā)? How will_______________________________?,you spend your summer holiday,他把錢都花光了。 He has spent all his money. spend sth (on sth)/ (in) doing sth 用（錢）；花（錢） 他將全部積蓄花在一輛新車上。 He spent all his savings on a new car.,spend pay cost take,,花費(fèi),Sb spend … on sth in (doing) sth,Sb pay some money for sth Sth cost sb some money It takes sb … to do sth,He _______about a third of his salary in drinking. She _______ 3000 dollars for the dress. The DVD _______ her 150 yuan. It _______ him ten days to finished the work.,spent,paid,cost,took,5. observe (1)vi.&vt. to notice/ watch carefully 觀察注意到。 observe + n./pron./ sb. doing/do sth that-cl 這位科學(xué)家一生都在觀察星星。 The scientist has observed the stars all his life.,我看到一個(gè)陌生人進(jìn)了、正在進(jìn)辦公室。 I observed a stranger go/going into the office. 我注意到班上有幾個(gè)學(xué)生睡著了。 I observed that several students were asleep in class.,(2) vt. to obey; to act in accordance with 遵守，順從 我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。 We must __________________________,observe the traffic rules.,(3) vt. to hold or celebrate 舉行（儀式等）， 慶祝（節(jié)日等） 你們國家的人慶祝圣誕節(jié)嗎？ Do you _______________________in your country?,observe Christmas Day,6.”O(jiān)nly+狀語“+部分倒裝 只有這樣，我們才能學(xué)好英語。 Only in this way_________________________. 到那時(shí)我才意識到我的錯(cuò)誤。 Only then________________________.,did we realize my mistakes,can we learn English better,但Only+主語時(shí)不倒裝 只有你了解我。 Only you_______________,understand me.,7. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) have/ has been doing 表示過去某一時(shí)刻開始的動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至到將來，強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)行的過程或表示到現(xiàn)在為止的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一再反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 He has been lying in bed for two weeks. 他已經(jīng)臥床兩周了。（現(xiàn)在還躺著）,他累了。 一天來他一直在學(xué)習(xí)。（現(xiàn)在還在學(xué)習(xí)) He is tired. He has been studying all day. 這些天他不斷地給我們的雜志寫文章。 All these days ______________________ to our magazine.,he has been writing articles,幾個(gè)月以來，湯姆每天晚間都給艾麗斯打電話。 Tom _________________________________ for several months.,has been phoning Alice every night,8.argue (vi.) +with sb. about/over sth. 同某人辯論某事 他們正在和同學(xué)爭論這個(gè)問題的解決方法。 They are arguing with their class mates about the solution to the problem.,他們正在爭執(zhí)戰(zhàn)爭是否正當(dāng)。 They are arguing with each other about the justice of the war.,argue (vt.) +n./clause(從句)/sb. to be… 我們據(jù)理力爭我們應(yīng)該得到更高的薪水。 We argued that we should be paid more. 他花錢的方式說明他很富有。 The way he spends money argues him to be rich.,argue for/against 為、為反對……而辯論 工人們?yōu)闋幦×T工的權(quán)力而辯論。 The workers argued for the right to strike. 一些人為反對自由貿(mào)易辯論。 Some people argue against free trade.,,9. Support 1) 支持 2）承受 3） 供養(yǎng) 我不知道美國人是否擁護(hù)新成立的政黨。 I wonder if the Americans support the new political party. 我認(rèn)為支持本地企業(yè)是很重要的。 I think it’s important to support local businesses. 那張長椅承受不了4個(gè)人。 That bench won’t support four people.,1. research n./ v. (in , into, on ),They are doing some research into/ on the effects of brain damage.,Will they publish the results of their research/ researches?,他們將會發(fā)表己自的研究成果嗎？,Language points for Reading II,research 這個(gè)明詞可以跟a和可用復(fù)數(shù)researches連用，但不可與many連用.,I’m researching in Chinese history.,They are doing research on the affects of cigarette smoking.,do some research ( on / for),2. catch sb’s eye,When I entered his new house, a beautiful picture caught my eye.,3. intend vt,1). What do you intend to do /doing next?,2).He intends no harm.,3). Our dictionary is intended for the students.,4.must/ may/ might/+ have +p.p,can/can’t/ couldn’t + have + p.p,1). They must have spent years and years building the Great Wall.,2)The man you saw last night couldn’t /can’t have been Tom.,,5.devote v,devote oneself / sth. to sb / sth.,他一生促進(jìn)世界和平的發(fā)展。 He devoted his life to promoting/ the promotion of the world peace.,劉胡蘭把生命奉獻(xiàn)給了祖國。 Liu Hulan devoted her life to our country.,他所有的余閑都花在學(xué)英語上。 He devotes all his spare time to learning English.,Useful structure,agreement,The boy _____ diving.,They _____ diving.,Both Jack and Tim _____ diving.,All of them _____ diving.,Neither Jack nor Tim _____ walking.,is,are,are,is,are,,Finish the following exercises:,Bob,Bob _____ a worker.,is,Mike,Mike and Bob _____ workers.,are,Both Mike and Bob _______ workers.,are,Neither Mike nor Bob _______ a teacher.,is,Bill,Neither of them _______ (know) how to teach English.,knows/know,All of them ______ workers.,None of them ___________ (know) how to teach English.,are,knows/know,,Subject---Verb Agreement,主謂一致的三個(gè)原則: 語法一致、就近一致、意義一致,Summarize the rules of subject-verb agreement:,(一）謂語動詞為單數(shù)的情況,1.由and 連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan.那個(gè)工人兼作家 cf: the worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家 Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. .,2．every… and (every)…,each …and (each… ,no …and (no)… ,many a …and (many a)…連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語。,Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.,3．one/every one /each/either/ the number+of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語 Each of the students has a book. 4．clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等無生命的集合名詞作主語。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 5．以s 結(jié)尾的詞，但表示學(xué)科、國家、機(jī)構(gòu)、書籍、報(bào)刊等名稱作主語。 Maths physics Swiss United states,6．表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢、等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí) Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 7． 由any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body等所構(gòu)成的不定代詞作主語。Anybody,something 8．非謂語動詞、名詞性從句作主語 Collecting stamps is what he likes. Whatever was left was taken away. 9. 單數(shù)名詞、抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞作主語。,（二）謂語動詞為復(fù)數(shù)的情況,1．由and 連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示兩個(gè)不同的概念。 Both bread and butter are sold out. 2．people , police, cattle 等有生命的集體名詞作主語。 The police are looking for the missing child. 3．goods, stairs, arms 等名詞作主語。,4．由山脈、群島、瀑布、運(yùn)動會等s 結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 5. a number of /quantities of /a group of +名詞作主語,(三) 謂語動詞單、復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定,1．集體名詞class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主語。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指個(gè)個(gè)成員用復(fù)數(shù)。 His family is a great one. His family are music lovers.,2．means, works, pains等詞，根據(jù)主語表達(dá)的概念而定。 The steel works is near the station. Two new steel works are being built. 3．kind, sort , pair ，type +名詞作主語，以這些名詞本身的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。 4．a(chǎn)ll , none, some , any 等不定代詞作主語，根據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good. . 5．half/most/enough/part/the rest/the last/lots/plenty/ 分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)+of +名詞作主語,就近一致原則,由or , either …or, neither…nor, not only…but also 等連接的并列主語，謂語動詞常和靠近的作主語的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。 Not only he but also I am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress. 但注意with/along with /together with/including /but/except/like/among/as well as /no more than /besides/rather than +名詞 置于主語后，謂語和前面的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。,The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.,高考鏈接,1.As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ of desert _____ covered the land.(上海２００１） number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have 精析：a large number of 后面要接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以A不能作為答案．因?yàn)閐esert是單數(shù)，所以要填 has．這句話的意思是“毀壞森林的結(jié)果是，大片沙漠覆蓋了陸地．”答案 B,2. ____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass.(上海2000) Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are 精析: 分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞表示.如果分子大于1, 序數(shù)詞后加-s. 分?jǐn)?shù)和百分比作主語時(shí),謂語動詞的形式取決于分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)后面的名詞.句子中的主語 land是單數(shù),所以謂語動詞要用 is covered. 答案C.,3---- Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, ____ to go to university. ---- So do I.（全國1998） hopes B. hope C. hoping D. do hope 精析：這句話的主語是 Each of the students，是單數(shù)，所以要 hopes 選作謂語?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語working hard at his or her lessons 作狀語，表示伴隨的情況。有的考生盲目地把 lessons 當(dāng)成了主語，填寫了hope，發(fā)生了錯(cuò)誤。本題的譯文：每一個(gè)努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生都想上大學(xué)。我也是。答案 A。,4. ____ people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.（上海2001） Several million B.Many millions C. Several millions D. Many million 精析：在Million前如果有具體的數(shù)字或 several等詞時(shí)，要用單數(shù)形式。 Many一般不與 million等詞連用，表示“數(shù)百萬”，英語為 millions of。這句話的意思是“每天，世界上有幾十萬人通過 e-mail傳遞信息。”答案 A。,1．One or two days ____ enough to see the city． A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be 2．Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind． A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be,,,Exercises:,3．Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another． A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be 4．Not the teacher，but the students ____ looking forward to seeing the film． A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be,,,5．Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class yesterday． A．was B．were C．has been D．have been 6．A woman with some children ____ soon． A．is coming B．a(chǎn)re coming C．has come D．have come,,,7．No one except my parents ____ anything about this。 A．know B．knows C．is known D．a(chǎn)re known 8．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already． A．has read B．have read C．a(chǎn)re reading D．is reading 9．All but one ____ in the accident． A．was killed B．were killed C．will be killed D．a(chǎn)re killed,,,,10. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _____ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 11. A library with five thousand books ___to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 12. When and where to build the new factory ___ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided,,,,13. The number of people invited ___fifty, but a number of them ___ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 14. E-mail, as well as telephones, ___ an important part in daily communication. A . is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 15. ____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are,,,,16 No one but her parents _____ it. A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. are knowing 17. The results of the examination ___that you have all made great _____ . A. show; progress B. shows; progress C. show; progresses D. shows; progresses 18.Here _____ a new pair of shoes for you. A. is B. are C. have D. has,,,,The necklace The story happened in Paris. One day , Pierre together with his wife, Mathilde ___ invited to a ball at the palace. Both of them ____ very glad to accept the invitation . Not only a new dress but also some jewellery ____ needed. But the family ____ not a rich one, they only could offer to buy a dress. So a diamond necklace ____ borrowed from Mathilde’s friend Jeanne. But neither of them ____ told that the necklace ____ not a real,Fill in the blanks with the proper verbs:,was,were,was,was,was,was,was,diamond one. They went to the ball, and they ____ both happy. On their way home, Mathilde found the necklace ____ no more around her neck. They looked everywhere for it , but they couldn’t find it. It ___ lost. A lot of money ____ borrowed ,and a new diamond necklace ____ bought. To pay off the debts , the couple had to work day and night. Ten years ___ a long time, but at last they paid off all their debts. When Mathilde met Jeanne in the park , she ___ told the fact. The necklace she borrowed from Jeanne ____ only worth 500 francs.,were,was,was,was,was,was,was,was,goodbye,