國際音標課程.doc
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國際音標課程 Lesson 1 1、 認識音標 英語中共有48個音標,其中20個為元音音標,28個為輔音音標。發(fā)音時聲帶振動且氣流在通路上不受發(fā)音器官阻擋的是元音。發(fā)音時氣流在通路上受到發(fā)音器官阻擋的是輔音。 48個國際音標 長元音 /ɑ:/ /?:/ /?:/ /i:/ /u:/ 短元音 /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /?/ /e?/ /a?/ /??/ 雙元音 /??/ /e?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/ 清輔音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ 濁輔音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ 清輔音 /?/ /h/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/ 濁輔音 /?/ /r/ /dz/ /d?/ /dr/ 鼻音 /m/ /n/ /?/ 半元音 /j/ /w/ 邊音 /L/ v 請寫出26個字母 ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2、 元音字母 1、 [ɑ:] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):長元音??谇淮蜷_,嘴張大,舌身放平,舌尖不抵下齒,下巴放低,放松發(fā)音。 v 字母組合: a ar au al examples: fast快的 last最后的 glass玻璃 class班級 plant植物 dance跳舞 car汽車 farm農(nóng)場 garden花園 arm胳膊 aunt阿姨 half 一半 v 讀一讀 1. It’s too far! It’s too far! How can I see so far? So far,so far. 2. You can drive a car, Running on the road fast. I can drive a star, Flying in the dark. The best I laugh, I laugh the last. v 背一背 開著car(汽車) 向著star(星星) 路途far(遙遠的) 想變smart(聰明的) 必須start(開始) 學習art(藝術(shù)) v 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則,圈出每組中含元音/ɑ:/的兩個單詞 1. cartoon卡通 play玩 clean打掃 park公園 2. eat吃 last上一個的 funny可笑的 grass草坪 3. head頭 half一半 front正面 after在(時間)后 4. clock時鐘 dance跳舞 cook烹調(diào) start開始 2、 [?] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):短元音。嘴唇微微張開,伸向兩邊,舌尖輕觸下齒,舌后部稍稍抬起。 v 字母組合:u o ou examples:bus巴士 sun太陽 jump跳 cup杯子 son兒子 money錢 front前面 lovely可愛的 mother媽媽 trouble麻煩 enough足夠的 young年輕的 v 讀一讀 Hurry up! Hurry up! There comes the bus. Don’t worry. I’m in good luck. I can catch the bus. v 背一背 舉著gun(槍) 小小bug(蟲) 瞄準sun(太陽) 把我hug(擁抱) 不停run(跑) v 念單詞,在讀[?]的字母或字母組合下劃線 bun fun gun run sun bus cup cut summer bunny jump supper Monday front lovely money young 3、 [?:] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):長元音。雙唇收得小而圓,并向前突出,舌身往后縮。 v 字母組合: al ar au aw or ou examples:small小的 talk談話 tall高的 ball球 call叫 walk散步 all全 also還 warm溫暖的 quarter四分之一 autumn秋季 draw畫 short短的 more更多的 horse馬 for為了 forty四十 sport運動 four四 v 讀一讀 1. I like sport, Though I’m short. I train more and more, And be as strong as a horse. 2. Two little black birds sitting on a wall. One named Jack,and one named Paul. Fly away ,Jack!Fly away Paul! Come back,Jack!Come back,Paul! v 背一背 有一堵wall(墻) 個子short(矮的) 它有些small(小) 喜歡sport(運動) 只有一人tall(高) 騎著horse(馬) 用力踢只ball(球) 在墻那邊f(xié)all(落下) 給媽打個call(電話) 她在shopping mall(商場) 給爸打個call(電話) 他在dining hall(餐廳) 急得我們all(全部) 一頭撞上wall(墻) v 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則,找出含[?:]音的單詞,并寫在橫線上 1. talk講話 bird鳥 bread面包 happy高興 ______________________ 2. mine我的 chair椅子 sport運動 his他的 ______________________ 3. bear熊 ask問 spring春天 get到達 ______________________ 4. drink喝 cup杯子 autumn秋天 bag書包 ______________________ 4、[?] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):短元音??谇淮蜷_,嘴張大,舌頭向后縮,雙唇稍收圓。 v 字母組合: o a examples:hot熱的 lot許多 box盒子 not不 want想要 wash洗 watch看 v 讀一讀 1. Where’s the watch? Where’s the watch I got in my pocket? 2. A dog and a fox stand on a box.There’s a shop near the bus stop. v 背一背 清晨jog(慢跑) 帶上dog(狗) 踩到frog(青蛙) v 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則,找出含音的單詞,并寫在橫線上 1. house房子 teacher老師 wash洗 clothes衣服 ___________________ 2. cold冷的 bottle瓶子 turn轉(zhuǎn)彎 left左 ___________________ 3. right右 season季節(jié) often經(jīng)常 bus巴士 ___________________ 4. pick摘 which哪一個 song歌曲 week周 _______________________ 作業(yè) 1.讀短語 ask and answer /a:sk/ /?nd/ /a:ns?/ charge for trouble /t?a:d?/ /f?:/ /tr?bl/ blood brother /bl?d/ /br?e?/ 2.讀句子 1)The stars in the sky are far away from us. The /sta:z/ in the sky /a:/ /fa:/ away from /?s/. 2)When the sun comes up, you are still under the covers, it is still the time to get up! When the /s?n/ /k?mz/ /?p/, you /a:/ still /?nd?/ the /k?v?z/, /it/ /iz/ /stil/ the time to /get/ /?p/! 3.讀諺語Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子 Far from eye, far from heart. 眼不見,心不煩 4.選出劃線部分讀音不同的單詞 ( )1.A.far B.farm C.star D.warm ( )2.A.banana B.cap C.glass D.father ( )3.A.also B.all C.walk D.art ( )4.A.much B.bus C.luck D.ruler ( )5.A.go B.come C.brother D.mother ( )6.A.cup B.run C.but D.student 5.請將每個音標書寫10遍 lesson 2 1、 [?:] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng) 長元音。嘴型扁平,上下齒微開,舌身平放,舌中部稍抬起。 v 字母組合 er ear ir ur or examples: her她的 pearl珍珠 learn學習 earth地球 girl女孩 bird鳥 third第三 shirt襯衫 first第一 fur皮毛 turn轉(zhuǎn)彎;順序 hurt受傷 work工作 word單詞 v 讀一讀 Who’ll catch the worm? It’s the early bird. Who’ll be the first? It’s the clever girl. v 圈出下列單詞中元音相同的兩個單詞 1.thirty三十 beer啤酒 thirsty口渴 wheat小麥 2.fast快的 early早到的 count數(shù)數(shù) learn學習 3.sir先生 sit坐 turn轉(zhuǎn)彎 use使用 4.word單詞 worry擔心 type打字 worker工人 2、[?] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng) 短元音。嘴唇微微張開,舌身放平,舌中部稍微抬起,口腔自然放松發(fā)聲。 v 字母組合 er or ou ar a e i o u examples: picture圖片 camera相機 teacher老師 sugar糖 panda熊貓 v 讀一讀 1. Father,mother,sister, And my younger brother. They all sit together, Talking about the weather. 2.Camera,cinema,umbrella. I took my umbrella; I carried my camera; And I went to the cinema. v 圈出下列單詞中元音相同的兩個單詞 1.cinema電影院 swim游泳 camera相機 shop購物 2.feature特點 keep保持 picture圖片 climb爬 3.reporter記者 doctor醫(yī)生 traffic交通 sleep睡 4.read讀 summer夏天 winter冬天 listen聽 v 動詞變名詞 example:teach——teacher learn—— write—— dance—— sing—— bake—— swim—— clean—— drive—— 3、[i:] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng) 長元音。嘴唇微微張開,舌尖抵下齒,嘴角向兩邊張開,流露出微笑的表情,與字母e的發(fā)音相同。 v 字母組合 e ea ee ie ei examples: evening 晚上;傍晚 Chinese 中國人 tea 茶 sea 大海 leaf 樹葉 eat 吃 see 看 deep 深的 street 大街;街道 piece 片 thief 小偷 receive 收到 v 讀一讀 1.Come to tea! Come to tea with me! Come to tea with me by the sea! 2. Sweet,sweet,sweet, Sweets are sweet. I like sweets, Because they are sweet. v 圈出下列單詞中元音相同的兩個單詞 1.seat座位 rain雨 bean大豆 cat貓 2.gift禮物 feet腳 teacher老師 dog狗 3.pig 豬 star星星 tree 樹 jeep吉普車 v 趣味拼讀 I can see the sea,the deep,green sea. 4、[?] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):短元音。嘴唇微微張開,舌尖抵下齒,舌前部抬高,嘴型扁平。 v 字母組合:i y ei ey examples: six 六 fish 小魚 pig豬 sit坐 visit拜訪 many許多 happy高興 twenty二十 money錢 v 讀一讀 1.He’s swimming. He’s swimming in the river. He’s swimming in the river with Tim. 2.Are you ready? No,I’m sorry. Is she ready? No,she is busy. Let’s hurry.Get everything ready! v 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則,圈出每組中含元音/?/的兩個單詞 1.sofa沙發(fā) spring春天 plant種 winter冬天 2.January一月 every每個 cave山洞 best最 3.late遲到 pick摘 swim游泳 letter信 4.fifth第五 talk講話 sit 坐 tell告訴 v 單詞辨析 sit-seat ship-sheep fill-feel fit-feet 作業(yè) 1、 背一背 穿上shirt(襯衫) 一個nurse(護士) 一個driver(司機) 脫下skirt(裙子) 丟了purse(錢包) 掉進river(河) 扔進dirt(土) 生命over(結(jié)束) 一只bee(蜜蜂) 一顆pea(豌豆) 一只pig(豬) 躲進tree(樹) 掉進sea(大海) 非常big(大) 沒人see(看見) 泡壺tea(茶) 把洞dig(挖) 2、根據(jù)音標讀單詞 dinner['din?] exercise['eks?saiz] eat[i:t] weekend['wi:k'end] spring[spri?] swim[swim] 3、判斷下列單詞有幾個音節(jié) ( )September[sep'temb?] ( )October[?k't?ub?] ( )November[n?u'vemb?] ( )birthday['b?:θdei] ( )music['mju:zik] 4、選出劃線部分讀音不同的單詞 ( )1.A.girl B.fur C.far D.work ( )2.A.doctor B.worker C.her D.dancer ( )3.A.visit B.sea C.deep D.evening ( )4.A.money B.seat C.pig D.gift 5、請將每個音標書寫10遍 lesson 3 1、[u:] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):長元音。嘴形小而圓,微微外突,舌頭盡量后縮。 v 字母組合:oo o u examples:food食物 moon月亮 room房間 tooth牙齒 shoe鞋子 do做 two二 true真的 blue藍色的 v 讀一讀 I choose blue. I choose blue shoes. I choose blue shoes to take to school. v 念單詞 boot cool fool choose tooth moon noon pool school zoo 2、[?] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):短元音。嘴唇張開略向前突出,嘴型稍收圓并放松些,舌頭后縮。 v 字母組合:oo ou u o examples:look看 good好 foot腳 book書 wood木頭 should應該 could可能 put放 full滿 pull拉 push推 woman女人 wolf狼 v 讀一讀 Look!Here is a book--- A very good book! It’s about a king and his cook. Yes,of course, I want to have a look. v 讀成對的單詞 look——lock cook——cock books——box v 圈出元音發(fā)音不同的單詞 foot food good wood 3、[e] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):短元音。嘴型扁平,舌尖抵下齒,舌前部稍抬起。 v 字母組合:ea e a examples:head頭 bread面包 elephant大象 lesson課 bed床 desk課桌 yes是的 many許多 any任何的 v 讀一讀 Have a rest. Don't get wet. Show me your left leg. You’d better send me a letter. v 圈出不含[e]的單詞 1. cat貓 best最好的 else其他 when什么時間 2. left左 lesson課 busy忙的 pen筆 3. get到達 snowman雪人 twelfth第十二 well身體好 4. ferry輪渡 February二月 contest比賽 west西方 4、[?] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):短元音。嘴張大,嘴角盡量拉向兩邊,成扁平形,舌尖抵下齒。 v 發(fā)音字母: a example:bag包 hand手 and和 ant螞蟻 happy高興的 hat帽子 map地圖 bad壞的 black黑色 back后面 v 讀一讀 Look at the hat. Look at the cap. Oh,a cat is in the cap. How can the cat catch the rat? It’s too bad,too bad. v 單詞辨析 bag——beg land——lend bad——bed 作業(yè) 1. 熟讀下列音標 /ɑ:/ /?:/ /?:/ /i:/ /u:/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /?/ 2.判斷下列單詞中元音音標是(T)否(F)相同 ( )1.land lend ( )2.sport walk ( )3.book room ( )4.when bread ( )5.need clean ( )6.busy win 3.找出劃線部分讀音不同的單詞 ( )1.A.class B.start C.dancing D.warm ( )2.A.much B.come C.brother D.job ( )3.A.half B.all C.ball D.walk ( )4.A.want B.what C.water D.watch ( )5.A.work B.dinner C.letter D.winter ( )6.A.sea B.eat C.clean D.breakfast ( )7.A.win B.big C.climb D.live ( )8.A.food B.school C.zoo D.foot 4.閱讀 I Make Granny Glad A language teacher Grace was giving a lesson about how to make others glad.”Now,boys and girl,”she began to ask,”Do you often make others glad?” ”I guess yes,Grace.”said a small girl,Gloria,”I made someone glad today.” “Great!Who is that?” “My granny.” “Good girl.Now tell us how you made your grandmother glad.” “OK.I went to see her today.I played the guitar and told ghost stories for three hours.She said she had a headache.Then I said to her,’Granny,I’m going home.’And she began to smile,’Great.I’m glad now!’When I went to the gate of her house,she asked me back.She gave me a bag with a big egg in it.” 1)根據(jù)故事判斷正(T)誤(F) ( )1.Grace was giving a lesson about how to make others glad. ( )2.The girl made her granny glad. ( )3.The girl got a big apple from her granny. 2)寫出劃線部分音標 girl do tell us is to see her ask bag big egg 5. 將本節(jié)課所學的音標寫10遍 lesson 4 1、 [e?] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):由[e]和[?]兩個單音組成,[e]重讀,[?]輕讀,口形由半開到合,字母a就發(fā)這個音。 v 字母組合:a ay ea ai ey examples:name名字 cake蛋糕 late遲到 plane飛機 April四月 play玩 say說 may可以 way路 great很好地 break破裂 rain下雨 paint畫畫 they他們 grey灰色的 v 讀一讀 Day after day. Day after day. We study English day after day. Don’t be lazy! That’s the way. We must study hard day after day. v 找出每組中不含[e?]的單詞 1. face wave jeep take 2. grape late far space 3. plant play village always 4. cake price Friday pay 2、 [a?] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):由[a]和[?]兩個單音組成,前重讀后輕讀,口型由開到合,與字母i的發(fā)音相同 v 字母組合:i y ie igh examples:bike自行車 fine好的 find找 nine九 my我的 try嘗試 fly飛 eye眼睛 pie餡餅 light燈 night晚上 high高的 v 讀一讀 1.Fly my nice kite, Fly my nice kite, Fly,fly very high, Up,up to the sky 2.Apple pie,apple pie, Peter likes apple pie; So do I,so do I. 3、 [??] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):由[?]和[?]兩個單音組成,前重讀后輕讀,雙唇由圓到扁,口型從開到合。 v 字母組合:oy oi examples:boy男孩 toy玩具 joy高興 oil油 voice聲音 coin硬幣 v 讀一讀 1.Boys,boys! What a noise! Get your toys, Boys,boys! 2. Oh,my boy! Don’t be annoyed. Be quick to make a choice. Do you like coins or toys? Answer me in a loud voice. 4、[??] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):由[?]和[?]兩個單音組成,[??]的發(fā)音是一個過程,口形由半開到小,與字母o的發(fā)音相同。 v 字母組合:o ou ow oa examples:home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal v 讀一讀 1.Snow,snow Where do you go? I don’t know, I don’t know, Where I go. 2. It’s a goat, Sitting in a boat, Wearing a coat, And writing a note. 作業(yè): 1. 讀單詞找規(guī)律 我的neighbor 年僅eight 擅長play 電腦game 有個child 今年five 非常nice 每天smile 有個boy 有點noise 特別enjoy 購買toy 有只goat 穿著coat 玩著snow 忘了home 2. 選擇讀音不同的單詞 ( )1.A.take B.make C.have D.late ( )2.A.kind B.strict C.high D.exercise ( )3.A.divide B.polite C.different D.beside ( )4.A.nose B.dog C.home D.go ( )5.A.not B.no C.old D.so 3.閱讀 Hello,I’m Lucy.I’m a student.Here is our new schedule.I have Chinese and maths every day.We have music and English on Mondays.We have PE and English on Tuesdays.We have computer class and science on Wednesdays.We have art and English on Thursdays.We have PE and science on Fridays.I like PE class the best. 1)判斷正(T)誤(F) ( )1.Lucy has Chinese class on Mondays. ( )2.Lucy is a student. ( )3.Lucy loves English class the best. 2) 寫劃線部分音標 hello science have maths and on class we art like Friday best最好的 4.將本節(jié)課所學音標寫10遍 lesson 5 1、 [a?] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):由[a]和[?]兩個單音組成,[a]重讀,[?]輕讀,口形由大到小。 v 字母組合:ou ow examples:house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town v 讀一讀 Mr. Brown!Mr.Brown! Are you going down to town? Could you stop and take me down? Thank you kindly,Mr Brown. 2、 [??] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):由[?]和[?]兩個單音組成,[?]重讀,[?]輕讀,雙唇始終半開。 v 字母組合:ea eo eer ear examples:beer deer ear near idea v 讀一讀 Oh,dear,oh,dear! The beer here is too dear! It’s sad to hear, That thing could be so queer. 3、 [e?] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):由[e]?和[?]兩個單音組成,前重后輕,舌尖抵下齒,雙唇半開。 v 字母組合:ear air ere examples:pear bear chair air fair there where care v 讀一讀 Here,here,here. There,there,there. here and there. there and here. I’.m here. You’re there. here and there. Pears are grown everywhere. 4、 [??] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):由[?]?和[?]兩個單音組成,前重后輕,嘴唇由收圓到半開。 v 字母組合:ur oor our ure examples:tour旅行 poor窮的 February二月 pure純潔的 v 讀一讀 1.Sure,sure,sure. We are not poor. Are you sure? Yes!Sure,sure. 2. Nothing in his pocket,I’m sure. But don’t say he is poor. Because of his hands secure, He’ll turn a stone to gold pure. 作業(yè) 1.將音標與相對應的單詞進行劃線 [b??] hair [???] where [we?] boy [he?] sure [h??] lazy [?le?zi] borrow [?b?r??] here 2.閱讀 Wendy is twelve years old,and she always does things her own way.When her parents want her to do something,she always doesn’t do it.Her parents always worry about her.On a cold winter day,she wanted to go to her friend’s birthday party.But she didn’t know what to wear.She was choosing a sweater to wear.She had three sweaters--a blue sweater,a white one and a yellow one.She had asked her father,”Which sweater is the best?”Her father said,”I think the yellow one is the best.”Then she asked he mother,”Which one do you think is the best?”Her mother answered,”The blue one,of course!”Wendy said,”Thank you.”Then she put the white sweater and walked out. 1)判斷正(T)誤(F) ( )1.Wendy always listens to her parents. ( )2.Wendy wanted to go to her friend’s birthday party on a cold winter day. ( )3.At last Wendy chose the yellow sweater. 2) 寫劃線部分音標 year know(知道) winter yellow about cold wear white choosing course which out 4.將本節(jié)課所學音標寫10遍 lesson 6 元音發(fā)音規(guī)則 1) A E O U 2) _a_ _e _o _u_ 3) I&Y 4) Silent final E 5) 兩個元音規(guī)則 6) the“r”rule 圈出每組中發(fā)音不同的單詞 pig chin money sea her teacher bird skirt horse dog watch fox juice food book shoes grass bus star aunt cap desk said bell gate tray rain pie boy boil bow soy flower snow house cow poor tour boat pure 作業(yè) 1. 復習元音發(fā)音及字母組合發(fā)音 1) 寫出ai組合的常見發(fā)音: 2) 寫出ay組合的常見發(fā)音: 3) 寫出au組合的常見發(fā)音: 4) 寫出aw組合的常見發(fā)音: 5) 寫出ar組合的常見發(fā)音: 6) 寫出er組合的常見發(fā)音: 7) 寫出ir組合的常見發(fā)音: 8) 寫出or組合的常見發(fā)音: 9) 寫出ur組合的常見發(fā)音 10) 寫出ea組合的常見發(fā)音: 11) 寫出oa組合的常見發(fā)音: 12) 寫出ou組合的常見發(fā)音: 13) 寫出ow組合的常見發(fā)音: 14) 寫出oo組合的常見發(fā)音: 2. 給下列單詞劃線部分選擇正確的讀音 A./e?/ B./i:/ C./ɑ:/ D./?:/ E./?:/ F./??/ G./?/ H./?/ I./e/ J./?/ 1. taxi ( ) 2.aunt ( ) 2. goodbye ( ) 4.name ( ) 3. bread ( ) 6.purse ( ) 4. hello ( ) 8.seat ( ) 5. bookstore ( ) 10.money ( ) 3. 將音標與相對應的單詞進行劃線 [b??] hair [???] where [we?] boy [he?] sure [h??] lazy [?le?zi] borrow [?b?r??] here 4. 根據(jù)劃線部分的讀音,選擇正確的音標 ( )1.great A./i:/ B./?/ C./e?/ ( )2.football A./?/ B./u:/ C./?/ ( )3.ear A./e?/ B./??/ C./??/ ( )4.how A./a?/ B./??/ C./?:/ ( )5.far A./?/ B./?:/ C./ɑ:/ lesson 7 1、 [p] v 發(fā)音要領(lǐng):雙唇緊閉,然后快速張開,讓氣流沖出口腔,發(fā)出爆破音,聲帶不振動。 v 讀一讀 Up,up,up. Up,up,up. Up to the top! Up to the top! Never stop! Never st- 1.請仔細閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對于不預覽、不比對內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來的問題本站不予受理。
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