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十一、非謂語動詞,非謂語動詞 不充當(dāng)句中謂語的動詞叫做非謂語動詞。它們不受主語限制，無時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)變化，又稱非限定性動詞。其形式有動詞不定式（to do sth. ）、動名詞（v. -ing）和分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）三種形式。,(一)動詞不定式 1.動詞不定式的形式 動詞不定式的形式有兩種：帶to的動詞不定式和不帶to的動 詞不定式。其否定形式為直接在不定式符號to之前直接加 not。以write 為例, 動詞不定式的肯定形式為to write，否定形式為 not to write。,2.動詞不定式的功能,(二)動名詞 動名詞相當(dāng)于名詞、形容詞?？勺髦髡Z、賓語、表語和定語。,(三)分詞,模擬演練 1. Last week I met my friend Li Ming but I forgot _____ his telephone number. A. ask B. asking C. and ask D. to ask 【解析】選D。本題考查動詞不定式作賓語。forget to do sth. 意為“忘記去干某事（事情沒有做）”。 2. Doctor Wang often asks us _____ too much meat． A. don’t eat B. not eat C. not to eat D. doesn’t eat 【解析】選C。ask sb. (not) to do sth. 句型中動詞不定式作ask的賓語補(bǔ)足語，意為“要求某人（不要）做某事”。句意為“王醫(yī)生經(jīng)常要求我們不要吃太多的肉?！?3.—Mum! The box’s too heavy. —Don’t worry. Let me _____ it for you. A. carry B. carries C. carrying D. to carry 【解析】選A。let ，make， have 等使役動詞后跟動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)應(yīng)該省略動詞不定式符號to。,4. She was surprised _____ me last night. A . to see B. see C. saw D. seen 【解析】選A。動詞不定式to see作原因狀語，用來說明主語she產(chǎn)生驚訝的原因。 5.—Linda, I am very thirsty. —Let’s go to the nearest supermarket _____ some drink, OK? A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. buying 【解析】選C。動詞不定式to buy作目的狀語，用來說明去最近超市的目的。,6. I didn’t finish the composition because I didn’t have a pen _____ . A. write B. to write with C. to write D. write on 【解析】選B。本題考查動詞不定式作后置定語的用法。動詞write之后應(yīng)該跟with，與前面的pen構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系。,7.—Will you please show me how to do the role-play exercise? —Sure. Now let me tell you _____ first. A. which to do B. how to do C. when to do D. what to do 【解析】選D。因?yàn)閐o必須有賓語首先可以排除B和C兩個(gè) 選項(xiàng)，how，when是副詞，不能作賓語；which不可以單獨(dú) 作賓語，可以用which things to do next，因此答案選D。,8. —Do you mind _____ up the music? —No, never mind. A. to turn B. turning C. turn D. turned 【解析】選B。mind doing sth. 意為“ 介意干某事?！?v.-ing作mind的賓語。 9. The boy _____ in the teacher’s office was found _____ yesterday. A. standing; smoke B. standing; smoking C. stood; smoke D. stood; smoking 【解析】選B。第一個(gè)空考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語；第 二個(gè)空考查現(xiàn)在分詞smoking作主語補(bǔ)足語。,10.—There goes the bell. —It’s time for class. Let’s stop _____ . A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. not talk 【解析】選C。句意：——鈴響了?！撋险n了。讓我們停止說話。stop doing sth.意為“停止做某事（停止正在干的事情，不做了）”。,11. —Where’s Mr. Hu, do you know? —Well, it’s hard to say. But I saw him _____ a football game just now. A. was watching B. watching C. had watched D. watched 【解析】選B。see sb. doing sth.意為“看見某人正在干某 事”。,12. —Have you heard the song Super Star? —Yes, I heard it _____ by S.H.E. A. sings B. sang C. sing D. sung 【解析】選D。本題考查動詞的過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的用 法。歌曲是被唱的因此用過去分詞表示被動。 13. Let’s hurry! There are only two minutes _____ . A. leave B. to leave C. left D. leaving 【解析】選C。句意：讓我們趕快！只剩下兩分鐘了。left 在此是過去分詞作后置定語。,