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哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)華德應(yīng)用技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
摘要
變速器是汽車傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中重要的部件，主要用來(lái)改變發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)傳到驅(qū)動(dòng)輪上的轉(zhuǎn)矩和轉(zhuǎn)速，它設(shè)計(jì)的好壞直接影響到汽車的實(shí)際使用性能。本文參考現(xiàn)有變速器參數(shù)資料的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行一定的改進(jìn)，說(shuō)明了汽車變速器的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程，主要內(nèi)容是參數(shù)的選擇和所選零件參數(shù)的校核。
本文敘述了機(jī)械式變速器的功用、要求，在已提供的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)計(jì)算分析確定結(jié)構(gòu)方案和主要參數(shù)。說(shuō)明了變速器主要參數(shù)的確定方法、齒輪的幾何計(jì)算和校核過(guò)程、軸的尺寸確定和校核過(guò)程和同步器的選用方法。
汽車變速器是通過(guò)改變傳動(dòng)比，改變發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)曲軸的轉(zhuǎn)拒，適應(yīng)在起步、加速、行駛以及克服各種道路阻礙等不同行駛條件下對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)車輪牽引力及車速不同要求的需要。
關(guān)鍵詞: 變速器;傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu);齒輪;離合器;傳動(dòng)比
Abstract
Transmission System is the most important automotive components, mainly used to change the engine driving wheel on the spread of torque and speed, it’s designed to have a direct impact on the actual use of motor vehicles. In this paper, reference information on the existing transmission parameters on the basis of certain improvements on the vehicle transmission design and calculation process, the main contents of the parameters of choice and selected parts of the parameters check.
This paper describes the function of mechanical transmission, requested that the provision has been on the basis of the parameters, determined by calculating the structure of the programme and the main parameters. Description of the main parameters of transmission methods, the geometric computing gear and checking process, the shaft size and the identification and verification process for the selection method of synchronization. Calculation includes gear strength, the axis of mild stiffness
Automobile transmission is by changing the transmission ratio, the engine crankshaft in turn refused to change and adapt at the start, acceleration, road traffic and to overcome the obstacle of different driving conditions and speed of the drive wheel traction with different demands and needs.
Key words: transmission; transmission; gear; clutch; transmission ratio
目 錄
摘要..............................................................................................................I
Abstract...............................................................................................................II
第1章 緒論.................................................................................................1 第2章 機(jī)械式變速器的概述及其方案的確定..........................................3
2.1 變速器的功用和要求.................................................................3
2.2 變速器結(jié)構(gòu)方案的確定.............................................................3
2.2.1變速器傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)分析與型式選擇.........................3
2.2.2.倒檔傳動(dòng)方案...................................................................8
2.3變速器主要零件結(jié)構(gòu)的方案分析.........................................9
2.3.1齒輪型式............................................................................9
2.3.2換檔結(jié)構(gòu)型式....................................................................9
第3章 變速器主要參數(shù)的選擇與主要零件的設(shè)計(jì)................................12
3.1 變速器主要參數(shù)的選...............................................................12
3.1.1 檔數(shù)和傳動(dòng)比.................................................................12
3.1.2 中心距........................................................................ ....14
3.1.3 軸向尺寸.........................................................................14
3.1.4 齒輪參數(shù)........................................................................ 15
3.2各檔傳動(dòng)比及其齒輪齒數(shù)的確定.............................................16
3.2.1確定一檔齒輪的齒數(shù).......................................................16
3.2.2確定常嚙合齒輪副的齒數(shù)...............................................16
3.2.3確定其他檔位的齒數(shù).......................................................17
3.2.4確定倒檔齒輪的齒數(shù)...................................................... 17
3.3 齒輪變位系數(shù)的選擇...............................................................17第4章 變速器齒輪的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算與材料的選擇....................................,...19
4.1齒輪的損壞原因及形式............................................................19
4.2 齒輪的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算與校核...........................................................19
4.2.1齒輪彎曲強(qiáng)度計(jì)算..........................................................19
4.2.2 齒輪接觸應(yīng)力.................................................................20
第5章 變速器軸的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算與校核.......................................................24
5.1變速器軸的結(jié)構(gòu)和尺寸............................................................24
5.1.1軸的結(jié)構(gòu)..........................................................................24
5.1.2確定軸的尺寸..................................................................24
5.2 軸的校核..................................................................................25
5.2.1第一軸的強(qiáng)度與剛度校核.................................................25
5.2.2第二軸的校核計(jì)算............................................................26
第6章 變速器同步器的設(shè)計(jì)...................................................................29
6.1 同步器的結(jié)構(gòu)......................................................................... ...29
6.2 同步環(huán)主要參數(shù)的確定.............................................................39
6.2.1同步環(huán)錐面上的螺紋槽.....................................................39
6.2.2錐面半錐角....................................................................30
6.2.3摩擦錐面平均半徑R..........................................................30
6.2.4錐面工作長(zhǎng)度b.................................................................31
6.2.5同步環(huán)徑向厚度................................................................31
6.2.6鎖止角............................................................................31
6.2.7同步時(shí)間t.........................................................................31
第7章 變速器的操縱機(jī)構(gòu).......................................................................33
結(jié)論..........................................................................................................34致 謝.................................................................................................. .....35參考獻(xiàn)........................................................................................................36
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