全套2016年秋人教版九年級英語Unit 12同步練習(xí)題及答案.rar
全套2016年秋人教版九年級英語Unit 12同步練習(xí)題及答案.rar,全套2016年秋人教版九年級英語Unit,12同步練習(xí)題及答案,全套,2016,年秋人教版,九年級,英語,Unit,12,同步,練習(xí)題,答案
單元語法小專題(Grammar Focus),過去完成時 1. 過去完成時的概念 過去完成時表示在過去的某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成的動作,即表示“過去的過去”。,語法精講,2. 過去完成時的各種句式結(jié)構(gòu) 過去完成時是由“助動詞had+動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的,had用于各種人稱和數(shù)。 (1) 肯定句:主語+had+動詞的過去分詞+其他. (2) 否定句:主語+had+not+動詞的過去分詞+其他. (3) 一般疑問句:Had+主語+動詞的過去分詞+其他? 肯定回答: Yes,主語+had.否定回答:No,主語+hadn't. (4) 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞或詞組+一般疑問句(即:had+主語+動詞的過去分詞+其他)? (5) 被動語態(tài):主語+had(not)+been+動詞的過去分詞+其他.,3. 過去完成時的判斷依據(jù) (1) 由時間狀語來判定 一般說來,各種時態(tài)都有特定的時間狀語。與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有by/by the end of/before+過去的時間點,by the time+一般過去時從句等。如: I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.到昨天晚上九點鐘,我已經(jīng)讀完這部小說。 We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.到上學(xué)期末,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完了超過兩千個英語單詞了. The bus had already left by the time/when I got there.我到達(dá)那里時,公共汽車已經(jīng)離開了。,(2) 由“過去的過去”來判定 過去完成時表示“過去的過去”,是指過去某一動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作,即動作有先后關(guān)系,動作在前的用過去完成時,在后的用一般過去時。這種用法常出現(xiàn)在: ① 賓語從句中 當(dāng)賓語從句的主句為一般過去時,且從句的動作先于主句的動作時,從句要用過去完成時。在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動詞后的賓語從句要用過去完成時。如: She said that she had seen the film before.她說她以前看過這部電影。,② 狀語從句中 在時間、條件、原因、方式等狀語從句中,主、從句的動作發(fā)生有先后關(guān)系,動作在前的,要用過去完成時,動作在后的要用一般過去時。如: After he had finished his homework,he went to bed. 他完成作業(yè)后就上床睡覺了。 注意: before,after 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中,由于 before 和 after 本身已表達(dá)了動作的先后關(guān)系,若主句、從句表示的動作緊密相連,則主句、從句都用一般過去時。如: Where did you study before you came here? 你來到這兒前在哪兒學(xué)習(xí)? After he closed the door,he left the classroom. 他關(guān)上門后就離開了教室。,(3) 根據(jù)上、下文來判定。 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.我昨天在街上碰見王濤了。自從他去了北京,我們就沒見過面了。,4. 過去完成時的主要用法 (1)過去完成時表示一個動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束,即發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。如: When I woke up,it had stopped raining.我醒來時,雨已經(jīng)停了。(“雨?!卑l(fā)生在“我醒來”之前) (2)過去完成時是一個相對的時態(tài),表示的是“過去的過去”,只有和過去某一時間或某一動作相比較時才使用它。如: He told me that he had written a new book.他告訴我他寫了一本新書。(had written 發(fā)生在 told 之前),(3)過去完成時需要與一個表示過去的時間狀語連用,它不能離開過去時間而獨立存在。此時多與 already,yet,still,just,before,never 等時間副詞及 by,before,until 等引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。如: Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.彼得到10歲的時候已經(jīng)收集了300多張中國郵票。 (4)過去完成時表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時之前已經(jīng)開始,一直延續(xù)到這一過去時間,而且動作尚未結(jié)束,仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。如: By the end of last year,he had worked in the factory for twenty years.到去年年底為止,他已經(jīng)在這個工廠工作了20年了。(已經(jīng)工作了 20 年,還有繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的可能),5. 過去完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別 (1)時間狀語不同:過去完成時在時間上強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去的過去”;而一般過去時只強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一特定的時間。試比較: They had already left when I arrived.我到達(dá)時他們已經(jīng)走了。(在我“到達(dá)”這一過去動作之前,他們就已經(jīng)“離開”了,因此用had left表示) I saw him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上看見他了。(“看見他”這一動作是在“昨天”這一過去的時間發(fā)生的),(2)在沒有明確的過去時間狀語作標(biāo)志時,謂語動詞動作發(fā)生的時間先后須依據(jù)上下文來判斷:先發(fā)生的用過去完成時,后發(fā)生的則用一般過去時。如: When I woke up,it had already stopped snowing.我醒來時雪已經(jīng)停了。 (3)當(dāng)兩個或兩個以上接連發(fā)生的動作用 and 或 but 連接時,按時間順序,只需用一般過去時來代替過去完成時;另外,在 before,after,as soon as 引導(dǎo)的從句中,由于這些連詞本身已經(jīng)表示出時間的先后,因此也可以用過去時來代替過去完成時。如: I (had) heard the news before she told me.她告訴我那個消息之前我已經(jīng)聽說了。,6. 過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別 過去完成時與already,ever,just,never,since+時間點,for+時間段等連用時,強(qiáng)調(diào)事件發(fā)生的先后順序,不涉及現(xiàn)在的情況。而現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“過去的動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響”。如: She has worked in Chongqing for over two years.她已經(jīng)在重慶工作兩年多了。(現(xiàn)在仍在那兒工作) She had worked in Chongqing for over two years before she moved to Shanghai.她在搬到上海之前已經(jīng)在重慶工作兩年多了。(“搬到上海”是過去,“在重慶工作”是發(fā)生在過去的過去),He has never seen such an interesting film before.他以前從未看過這么有趣的電影。(“看”盡管發(fā)生在過去,但涉及現(xiàn)在,即現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)知道或了解了這部電影) He said he had never seen such an interesting film before.他說他以前從沒看過這么有趣的電影。(“他說”發(fā)生在過去,“看過”是在“說”之前,是過去的過去),語法精練 Ⅰ. 用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. By the time I reached home,my mother ______ ( cook)supper already. 2. Catherine ________(finish)the letter before her mother came into her bedroom. 3. The train ________(leave)when I got to the station. 4. The little girl ________(lie)in bed for almost a month since she ________(fall)sick. 5. By the end of last year,he ________ (learn) 3,000 English words.,had cooked,had finished,had left,had lain,had learned/learnt,fell,6. It was the third time that the girl ________(invite)him. 7. I ________(not find)the dog until last night. 8. He told his mother that he ________(run)out of money to buy new clothes. 9. Tom said that he ________(keep) the book for two weeks. 10. I suddenly remembered that I ________(leave)the key in my classroom when I ________(get)home yesterday.,had invited,hadn't found,had run,had kept,got,had left,Ⅱ. 按要求完成句子,每空一詞。 11. By the time she got up,her mother had gone to work.(對畫線部分提問) _____ _______ her mother ______ by the time she got up? 12. When I got home,my mother had cooked dinner.(改為否定句) When I got home,my mother ________ ________ dinner. 13. The train had left when I got to the station.(改為一般疑問句) ________ the train ________ when you got to the station? 14. John had never seen the film before.(完成反意疑問句) John had never seen the film before,_____? 15. She had already finished her homework. (改為否定句) She ________ ________ her homework yet.,What had,done,hadn't cooked,Had,left,had he,hadn't finished,Ⅲ. 根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子,每空一詞。 16. 我返回學(xué)校的時候,鈴聲已經(jīng)響了。 ____ the time I got back to school,the bell __________. 17. 我到那兒時,比賽已進(jìn)行了半個小時。 The match ___________ ___ for half an hour when I got there. 18. 十分鐘前她沒有完成家庭作業(yè)。 She ________ ______ her homework ten minutes ago. 19. 我們已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。 We ________ ______ the movie. 20. 她已經(jīng)離開她的家鄉(xiāng)很多年了。 She _____ ____ ________ _ her hometown for many years.,By,had rung,had been on,didn't finish,have seen,has been away from,
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