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,必修5 Unit 1—Unit 5,Unit 3 Life in the future,,1．__________(adj.) 在前的；早先的 2．___________(n.) 指導(dǎo)；向?qū)?；?dǎo)游 (vt.) 指引；指導(dǎo) 3．___________(vt.) 容忍；忍受 4．___________(vi.&vt.) 缺乏；沒有 (n.) 缺乏；短缺的東西 5．____________(n.) 開關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換 (vt.) 轉(zhuǎn)換 6．____________(adj.) 貪吃的；貪婪的；貪心的,重點(diǎn)單詞,previous,guide,tolerate,lack,switch,greedy,7．____________(n.)印象；感想；印記→____________(v.)使留下深刻印象→_____________(adj.)給人深刻印象的 8．____________(adj.)時(shí)常發(fā)生的；連續(xù)不斷的→____________(adv.)不斷地 9．_____________(n.)周圍的事物；環(huán)境→_____________(adj.)周圍的→______________(vt.)圍繞 10．_____________(n.)調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)→_____________(vt.)調(diào)整；使適應(yīng) 11．________________(vi.&vt.)按；壓；逼迫(n.)按；壓；印刷；新聞→________________(n.)壓力,impression,impress,impressive,constant,constantly,surroundings,surrounding,surround,adjustment,adjust,press,pressure,12．__________(adj.)樂觀(主義)的→___________(反義詞，adj.)悲觀(主義)的 13．___________(n.)瞬間；片刻(adj.)立即的；立刻的→___________(adv.)馬上 14．_______________(n.)代表；典型人物(adj.)典型的；有代表性的→____________(v.)代表 15．____________(n.)定居；解決→___________(v.)定居；解決,optimistic,pessimistic,instant,instantly,representative,represent,settlement,settl,1．________________ 拿起；接受；開始；繼續(xù) 2．____________________ (困境后)恢復(fù)；完全復(fù)原 3．________________ 看不見…… 4．________________ 打掃；橫掃 5．________________ (快捷而悄聲地)移動(dòng)；溜進(jìn)…… 6．________________ 加速 7．________________ 使某人想起 8．________________ 與……相似 9．________________ 向四面八方 10．________________ 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀……,重點(diǎn)短語,take up be back on one's feet lose sight of. sweep up slide into speed up remind sb.of be similar to. in all directions show sb.around.,1．Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 由于缺乏新鮮的空氣，我頭痛。 [解讀] hit by a lack of fresh air 為過去分詞短語作原因狀語。 [仿寫] 受到老師責(zé)備，女孩開始哭起來。 ________________，the girl began to cry.,經(jīng)典句型,答案：Scolded by the teacher,2．Well，now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. 現(xiàn)在，這里有一種裝置，能利用生態(tài)學(xué)原理來處理掉廢棄物。 [解讀] where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞a system。 [仿寫] 她處于無望的處境中，在這種情況下我們將密切關(guān)注她。 She's in a hopeless situation，________ we will keep a very close eye on her.,答案：where,3．Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 我感到累極了，悄悄爬上床很快就睡著了。 [解讀] exhausted為形容詞化的分詞在句中作原因狀語。 [仿寫] 長途旅行后，他們?nèi)齻€(gè)回到了家，又餓又累。 After the long journey，the three of them went back home，________________.,答案：hungry and tired,4．However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 但是，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個(gè)看上去像是大市場的地方時(shí)，由于車輛朝四面八方飛奔，我看不見王平了。 [解讀] what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。 [仿寫] 前幾天，我父親開車以我認(rèn)為危險(xiǎn)的速度行駛。 The other day，my father drove his car at________I thought________________.,答案：what；was a dangerous speed,1．impression n. 印象；感想；印記 [教材原句] FIRST IMPRESSIONS第一印象 [見證2014]Sofia looked around at all the faces：she had the impression that she has seen most of the guests before. Sofia 看著所有的面孔，感覺大部分客人她以前見過。 (2014·浙江卷),板塊一：核心單詞,(1)make/leave/have an/the impression on/upon給……留下印象 (2)impress vt.使印象深刻；使銘記；打動(dòng) 使某人銘記某事物 be impressed by/at/with對……印象深刻 impressive adj.給人印象深刻的；難忘的,①The physical appearance makes a good impression on others while the inner beauty will be remembered forever. 外表的美能給人留下美好的印象；而內(nèi)在的美會(huì)使人銘記不忘。 ②My father always impresses ________ me the importance of hard work. 我父親要我牢記努力工作的重要性。 ③Much ________ by/at/with her diligence，the banker has decided to sponsor till she graduates from college. 那位銀行家深深地被她的勤奮打動(dòng)，決定資助她直到她大學(xué)畢業(yè)。,答案：②on/upon ③impressed,2．surroundings n．環(huán)境；周圍的事物(常用復(fù)數(shù)形式) [教材原句] At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. 一開始新的環(huán)境讓我很難忍受。,①surround.with.用……圍起/包圍…… ②be surrounded by sb./sth.被……圍住；周圍有很多…… ③the surrounding area周圍地區(qū),①I'd like to bring up my child in healthy surroundings. 我想在健康的環(huán)境中養(yǎng)育我的孩子。 ②The lake is surrounded ______________. 湖邊樹木環(huán)繞。 ③The teacher sat on the grass，____________his students. 那位老師坐在草地上，四周圍著他的學(xué)生。 ④They came from the______________. 他們來自周圍的村莊。,答案：②by/with trees ③surrounded by ④surrounding villages,3．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 [教材原句] At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. 一開始新的環(huán)境讓我很難忍受。,(1)tolerate(one's/sb.) doing sth.容忍(某人)做某事 (2)tolerant adj.容忍的；寬容的 be tolerant of容忍…… (3)與tolerate有相同含義的還有： stand(sb.)doing sth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事 bear sb.doing/to do sth.忍受/容忍某人做某事 put up with忍受；容忍,[見證2014]Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go. 并沒有責(zé)怪那個(gè)打碎花瓶的男孩，她給了他一個(gè)寬容的微笑讓他走了。 (2014·湖北卷),①Those who know to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life. 那些懂得容忍他人的人自然可以生活得幸福。 ②I can't tolerate________(speak)to your mother in such a rude manner. 我不容許你用這種無禮的方式跟你母親說話。 ③I can't stand people____________(interrupt)me all the time. 我不能容忍老有人打岔。,答案：②speaking ③interrupting,4．lack v．&n.缺乏；缺少的東西 [教材原句] Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 由于缺乏新鮮的空氣，我感到頭痛。,(1)lack＋n.缺乏…… lack for＋n. 多用于否定句中 (2)for lack of＋n.因缺乏…… a lack of＋n.缺乏…… no lack of不缺乏 (3)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in缺少,[見證2014]Strange as it may seem，if you're unsatisfied，the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desires—not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you don't have enough tastes. 很奇怪，如果你不同意，問題不是你缺乏實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望的方法，而是缺乏愿望——不是你不能滿足你的品位，而是你沒有足夠的品位。 (2014·福建卷閱讀理解D),①They are so rich that they lack(for) nothing. 他們很富有，不缺任何東西。 ②The plants died____________water. 這些植物因缺水而枯死。 ③He is____________responsibility. 他缺乏責(zé)任心。 ④It's more that ________________exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease. 正是缺乏運(yùn)動(dòng)使你身體虛弱，容易感染疾病。,答案：②for lack of ③lacking in ④a lack of,5．a(chǎn)djustment n．調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng) [教材原句] Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation，Wang Ping appeared. 當(dāng)我正在努力做必要的調(diào)整來適應(yīng)新環(huán)境時(shí)，王平出現(xiàn)了。 [見證2014]Obviously，students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule. 很顯然，學(xué)生們在調(diào)整自己的睡眠周期以適應(yīng)日常安排方面是很糟糕的。 (2014·四川卷閱讀理解D),make adjustments to調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié) adjust vt.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；(使)適應(yīng) adjust(oneself) to(doing) sth.適應(yīng)(做)某事,①We've had to make some adjustment to our original plan in order to adjust/adapt ourselves to the new situation. 我們不得不對最初的計(jì)劃進(jìn)行一些調(diào)整以適應(yīng)新的形勢。 ②It took her a while to adjust to__________(live)alone abroad. 過了一段時(shí)間她才適應(yīng)了一個(gè)人在國外生活。 ③You can adjust the desk________the height of any child. 這張桌子可以配合小孩的高度任意調(diào)整。,答案：②living ③to,6．press vi.&vt.按；壓；催促；n.按，壓(常用單數(shù))；新聞界；報(bào)刊(與the連用) [教材原句] These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat，you can move swiftly. 這些汽墊車是在地面上方飄浮著的。只要在座椅上用力打彎或壓下(操縱桿)，你就可以迅速地移動(dòng)。,[猜一猜] 觀察句子，寫出press的詞性及含義 ①Just watch what will happen when I press the button.________ ②Someone's bag pressed hard against my back in the crowded train.________ ③Every civilized country should ensure the freedom of the press.________ ④It's reported that Mo Yan's new book will come to press next month.________,答案： ①vt.按 ②vi.壓 ③n.新聞 ④n.印刷,[見證2014]In recent years，the commercial pressure from supermarket chains has forced village shops across the country to close. 近年來，來自超市連鎖店的經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力已經(jīng)迫使全國的鄉(xiāng)村商店倒閉。 (2014·上海卷),(1)press sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事，勸說某人做某事 press.against把……壓/貼在……上 (2)under pressure在壓力下 put pressure on sb.給某人施加壓力,①If you press this button，the machine will start. 如果你按此電鈕，機(jī)器將會(huì)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。 ②Those little boys pressed their noses________the glass. 那些小男孩把他們的鼻子緊貼在玻璃上。 ③They are pressing us____________(make) a quick decision. 他們正在敦促我們迅速做出決定。,答案：②against ③to make,7．switch n．開關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換 vt.轉(zhuǎn)換 [教材原句] Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen，and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. 然后王平使電腦熒屏上的開關(guān)閃了一下，于是一個(gè)桌子和幾把椅子就像變魔術(shù)般地從地板下面升了起來。,①switch on(用開關(guān))開；打開 ②switch to變換到 ③switch off(用開關(guān))關(guān)上；關(guān)掉 ④switch over完全轉(zhuǎn)變；轉(zhuǎn)換(電視頻道) ⑤make the switch(偷偷地)調(diào)換；調(diào)包；改變,[見證2014]After a week，the two groups switched with participants. 一周后，兩組參與者成員交換。 (2014·四川卷閱讀理解E) ①M(fèi)ore shoppers are making the switch to organic food. 更多的人開始改食有機(jī)食品。 ②Please________________ as you leave. 你離開的時(shí)候請把燈關(guān)了。,答案：②switch the lights off,8．instant n. 瞬間；片刻 adj. 立即的；立刻的 [教材原句] You place the metal band over your head，clear your mind，press the sending button，think your message and the next instant it's sent. 你把這種金屬帶子放在你的頭上，排除雜念，按下發(fā)送鍵，集中精神想著你要傳遞的信息；片刻功夫信息就發(fā)出去了。,(1)the instant一……就…… in an instant立刻 for an instant一會(huì)兒 (2)instantly/immediately/directly conj.一……就…… (3)instant food 即食食品 instant coffee 速溶咖啡,①I couldn't answer her question for an instant. 我一時(shí)無法回答她的問題。 ②The boss wants the job finished______________. 老板要求立刻完成這項(xiàng)工作。 ③______________Wang Yaping，a female astronaut，turned up at the meeting，the crowd cheered. 王亞平，一位女宇航員，一出現(xiàn)在會(huì)場上人群就歡呼起來。,答案：②in an instant ③The instant/Instantly,9．take up 拿起；接受；開始從事；繼續(xù)；占用(時(shí)間)；占據(jù)(空間) [教材原句] I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. 我仍然不能相信我是在接受這個(gè)去年獲得的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。 [見證2014]This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs，or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. 這種影響也可以使一個(gè)朋友遠(yuǎn)離毒品，或者可以幫助一個(gè)成年人開始養(yǎng)成一個(gè)好習(xí)慣或改掉一個(gè)壞習(xí)慣。 (2014·江蘇卷任務(wù)型閱讀),板塊二：短語和句型,[填一填] 觀察句子，寫出句中take up的含義 ①Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？________ ②Important people don't often have much free time as their work takes up all their time.________ ③After he retired from office，Royers took up painting for a while，but soon lost interest.________ ④She took up the story where Tim had left off.________,答案：①接受 ②占用 ③從事 ④繼續(xù),①take away 減去；拿走 ②take back 收回；使記起 ③take in 吸收；接納；欺騙 ④take down 拆除；寫下 ⑤take off 脫下；起飛；匆匆離開；成功 ⑥take on 呈現(xiàn)；開始雇用；承擔(dān)；從事 ⑦take over 接收；接管；承襲 ⑧take turns 輪流,①The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught. 學(xué)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)老師所教的東西很容易領(lǐng)會(huì)。 ②If you do not____________what you said，I shall not speak to you any more. 如果你不收回你說的話，我再也不和你講話了。 ③He is always ready to____________heavy responsibilities. 他一向樂于挑重?fù)?dān)。 ④Briggs will____________as general manager when Mitchell retires. Mitchell退休之后，Briggs將接任總經(jīng)理的職位。,答案：②take back ③take on ④take over,10．lose sight of 看不見；忽略，忘記 [教材原句] However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 但是，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個(gè)看上去像是大市場的地方時(shí)，由于車輛朝四面八方飛奔我看不見王平了。,(1)come into sight 進(jìn)入視野內(nèi)；映入眼簾 catch sight of. 望見；看到…… lose one's sight 失明 (2)at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of 看到…… out of sight 看不到 in/within sight 在視野內(nèi),①The place was so crowded；we soon lost sight of him. 那地方人太多，一會(huì)兒我們就看不見他了。 ②He ran fast and was soon________________. 他跑得很快，一會(huì)兒就不見了。 ③________________their demands seemed reasonable. 乍看起來，他們的要求似乎是合理的。 ④________________the snake，the girl drew back. 一看到蛇，那女孩就往后退縮。,答案：②out of sight ③At first sight ④At the sight of,11．speed up 加速 [教材原句] When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up，we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go. 當(dāng)我們想讓氣墊車加速時(shí)，我們向下壓踏板使它轉(zhuǎn)向我們要去的方向。,①at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速 ②at a speed of.以……的速度 ③with all speed 盡快地 ④pick up speed 逐漸加速,①It's dangerous to go round corners at high speed. 高速轉(zhuǎn)彎很危險(xiǎn)。 ②How did the accident come about since he drove________________sixty miles per hour? 既然他以每小時(shí)60英里的速度開車，那么事故是怎樣發(fā)生的呢？ ③Once outside the station，the train began to______________. 一出車站，火車就開始加速。,答案：②at a speed of ③pick up speed,[填一填] 根據(jù)提示寫出下面“動(dòng)詞＋副詞 up”的意義 ①hold up ________________ ②keep up ________________ ③set up ________________ ④bring up ________________ ⑤build up ________________ ⑥turn up ________________ ⑦clear up ________________,答案：①舉起；耽擱；延遲 ②保持；維持 ③建造；創(chuàng)立 ④教育；培養(yǎng) ⑤逐步建立 ⑥出現(xiàn)；露面 ⑦整理；收拾；(天氣)放晴,12．Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 由于缺少新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛。,過去分詞或過去分詞短語作狀語時(shí)，可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式、伴隨情況等，表示被動(dòng)或完成。使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意： (1)過去分詞的邏輯主語一般與句子主語一致(某些獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)除外)； (2)過去分詞表示的動(dòng)作與句子的主語之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。,①Given another chance，they will do it much better. 如果再給他們一次機(jī)會(huì)，他們會(huì)把它做得更好。 ②________(bite) twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. 那個(gè)郵遞員被狗咬了兩次后，他拒絕給我們家送信，除非我們把狗拴上。 ③________(fill)with shame，the boy lowered his head，ready for the punishment from his dad. 男孩低著頭，滿是羞愧地等著父親的懲罰。,答案：②Bitten ③Filled,13．Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 我感到累極了，悄悄爬上床就睡著了。,exhausted adj.“筋疲力盡的，疲憊不堪的”，在此處作狀語，表示原因。 形容詞(短語)和分詞(短語)作狀語的語法功能： ①表示原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。 ②表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。 ③表示讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。 ④表示方式，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)副詞或介詞短語。 ⑤表示伴隨，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句。,①He spent seven days in the wind and snow，cold and hungry. 他又冷又餓地在風(fēng)雪中過了7天。 ②Seriously ________(injure)，some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once. 因嚴(yán)重受傷，其中有些乘客被立刻送到最近的醫(yī)院。 ③For a moment she just stood there，unable____________(believe)what had just happened. 她在那兒呆呆地站了一會(huì)兒，簡直不能相信剛才發(fā)生的事。 ④He lay on the bed，________(wake)． 他躺在床上，醒著。 ⑤The boy lay，________(relax)on the sofa. 小男孩放松地躺在沙發(fā)上。,答案：②injured ③to believe ④awake ⑤relaxed,14．Well，now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. 現(xiàn)在，這里有一種裝置，能利用生態(tài)學(xué)原理來處理掉廢棄物。,當(dāng)先行詞為system，case，point，position，situation，scene，condition等詞且關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語時(shí)，常用where引導(dǎo)定語從句，有時(shí)where可用in which替換。,①The accident has reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in. 事情發(fā)展到如此地步，不得不請雙方家長來一趟了。 ②We had to face the condition________ pressure was very heavy. 我們不得不面對壓力巨大的情況。 ③Today，we'll discuss a number of cases ________beginners of English are likely to meet with. 今天，我們將討論一些英語初學(xué)者可能遇到的情況。,答案：答案：②where ③which/that,Ⅰ.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．________(heat)，water changes into steam. 2．________(unite)，we stand；________(divide)，we fall. 3．He came back，utterly ________(exhaust)． 4．Last Sunday，we went on an ________(organize) trip to the forest. 5．A letter ________(post) today will reach him the day after tomorrow.,單元語法專練：過去分詞作狀語和定語,答案：1.Heated 2.United；divided 3.exhausted 4．organized 5.posted,Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子 1．Fairly____________________________，James was struggling to grab the edge of the boat.(terrify) 詹姆斯非常害怕被沖走，他正奮力地抓著船舷。 2．This afternoon，just as I was doing my business，a man____________________steped into my shop and begged me for some money.(dress) 今天下午，正當(dāng)我在做生意時(shí)，一個(gè)穿著破爛的人走進(jìn)了我的商店向我討錢。,答案：1.terrified of being washed away 2．(who was)dressed in rags,3．____________________teenagers' taste，the song is increasingly popular with middle school students.(base) 基于青少年的品味，這首歌在學(xué)生中日趨流行。 4．The boy____________________his book was none other than our monitor.(absorb) 埋頭看書的那個(gè)男孩不是別人，正是我們的班長。,答案：3．Based on 4．(who/that was)absorbed in,