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,必修1 Unit 1—Unit 5,Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero,,1．________(n.) 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì) 2．________(adj.) 吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的 3．________(adj.) 慷慨的；大方的 4．________(vt.) 建立；建設 5．________(vi.) 逃脫；逃走；泄露 6．________(n.) 意見；看法；主張 7．________(n.) 法則；原則；原理 8．________(n.) 親屬；親戚 9．________(vt.) 進攻；攻擊；抨擊,重點單詞,quality mean generous found escape opinion principle relative attack,10．________(adj.)積極的；活躍的→________(adv.)積極地→________(n.)活動 11．________(adj.)自私的→________(adj.)無私的；忘我的 12．________(vt.)獻身；專心于→________(adj.)忠實的；深愛的 13．________(adj.)懷有希望的；有希望的→________(n.)希望；愿望 14．________(adj.)樂意的；自愿的→__________(adj.)不自愿的；不樂意的 15．________(vt.)教育；訓練→________(adj.)受過教育的,active,actively,activity,selfish,selfless,devote,devoted,hopeful,hope,willing,unwilling,educate,educated,16．________(adj.)和平的；平靜的；安寧的→__________(adv.)和平地→________(n.)和平；平靜；和睦 17．________(adj.)法律的；依照法律的→________(adj.)非法的，違法的 18．________(n.)暴力；暴行→________(adj.)暴力的，猛烈的 19．________(adj.)相等的；平等的→________(n.)平等；相等→________(adv.)同樣地；相等地；公平地 20．________(n.)報酬；獎金(vt.)酬勞；獎賞→__________(adj.)值得的；有益的；有回報的,peaceful,peacefully,peace,legal,illegal,violence,violent,equal,equality,equally,reward,rewarding,1．________________ 失業(yè) 2．________________ 事實上 3．________________ 使充氣；爆炸 4．______________ 在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中 5．________________ 求助于；致力于 6．________________ 喪失勇氣或信心 7．________________ 當權；上臺 8．________________ 設立；建立 9．________________ 被判處……(徒刑) 10．________________ 愿意干某事,重點短語,out of work as a matter of fact blow up in trouble turn to lose heart come to power set up be sentenced to be willing to do,1．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權利都沒有的階段。 [解讀] where引導定語從句修飾stage。 [仿寫] 媒體常常有助于解決問題，吸引注意于需要幫助的境況。 The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations____________________________.,經(jīng)典句型,答案：where help is needed,2．.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ……只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。 [解讀] only修飾狀語放在句首，句子用部分倒裝。 [仿寫] 只有在他們討論這個問題好幾個小時之后他們才作出決定。 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours______________________.,答案：did they reach a decision,3．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次給旅行團作講解時，我的心情很不好。 [解讀] the first time引導時間狀語從句。 [仿寫] 我第一次見到她時認為她善良誠實。 I thought her kind and honest______________________.,答案：the first time I met her,1．quality n. 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì) [教材原句] And what qualities does a great person have? 那么偉人有哪些品質(zhì)呢？,板塊一：核心單詞,(1)of good/high quality 質(zhì)量好 of poor quality 質(zhì)量差 in quality 在質(zhì)量上 (2)quantity n．數(shù)量,[見證2014]It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 人們普遍認為應該通過綜合素質(zhì)來評價學生。 (2014·福建卷) ①Modesty is one of his good qualities. 謙虛是他的美德之一。 ②We provide goods and services______________. 我們提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品和服務。 ③We are in need of milk______________. 我們需要高品質(zhì)的牛奶。,④He has______________of a successful businessman. 他具備了一個成功商人應具有的所有品質(zhì)。 ⑤________often matters more than ________. 質(zhì)量往往比數(shù)量更重要。,答案：②of high quality ③of high quality ④all the qualities ⑤Quality；quantity,2．mean adj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的 [教材原句] mean自私的,(1)be mean with 在某方面吝嗇 be mean to sb. 對某人刻薄 (2)mean v. 意味著；打算 mean to do 打算做……；有意做…… mean doing 意味著做…… be meant for sb. 打算給某人的，為某人而做的 (3)means n．方法；途徑,①Don't be so mean to your little brother! 別對你弟弟那么刻?。?②He is very mean________his money. 他在金錢方面很吝嗇。 ③I am terribly sorry.I didn't mean________(hurt) you. 真對不起，我并非有意傷害你。 ④Missing the train means________(wait) for another hour. 趕不上這列火車意味著要再等一小時。 ⑤____________________saying that? 你那么說什么意思？,答案： ②with ③to hurt ④waiting ⑤What do you mean by,3．devote vt. 獻身；專心于 [教材原句] A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others. 一個偉人是一個致力于幫助別人的人。,①devote oneself to (doing) sth.獻身于……；致力于…… ②devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth. 把某人的一生/時間/金錢/精力奉獻于…… ③devoted adj. 忠實的；深愛的 ④be devoted to (doing) sth.專心于；奉獻于…… ⑤devotion n．關愛；關照；奉獻；忠誠,[見證2014]You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work. 除非你完全致力于你的工作，否則你將永遠不會成功。(2014·湖南卷) ①She devotes all her spare time to doing what she really enjoys. 她將所有的業(yè)余時間都用在做她真正喜歡的事情上。 ②The ecologist______________to his research work. 這位生態(tài)學家全心傾注于他的研究工作。,③________ to the study of science，she had little time to take care of her children. 她獻身于科學研究，幾乎沒有時間照看自己的孩子。 ④Her ________ to her career left her with little time to take care of her family. 她全身心投入工作，幾乎沒有時間來照顧家人。,答案：②devoted himself ③Devoted ④devotion,[填一填] 根據(jù)提示寫出下面帶介詞to的動詞短語 ①________________注意 ②________________習慣于 ③________________堅持 ④________________開始著手(做某事) ⑤________________反對 ⑥________________適應,答案： ①pay attention to ②get used/accustomed to ③stick to ④get down to ⑤object to ⑥adapt (oneself) to,4．vote vt.&vi. 投票；選舉 n. 投票；選票 [教材原句] Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. 當時黑人沒有選舉權，他們無權選擇他們的領導人。,①vote for/against 投票贊成/反對 ②vote on 投票表決 ③vote to do sth. 表決做某事,①I may vote for her at the next election. 下屆選舉我可能選她。 ②I appeal to you to vote________him. 我想請你投他的反對票。 ③We are going to vote________the plan. 我們打算就這一提案進行表決。,答案：②against/for ③on,5．equal adj. 相等的；平等的 vt. 與……相等或相同；比得上 [教材原句] But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. 但是我樂于幫忙，因為我知道，這能幫助我們實現(xiàn)我們的黑人與白人平等的夢想。,(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/勝任做某事 of equal importance 同等重要的 (2)A equals B in. A在……方面比得上B/與B相匹敵 (3)without equal 無與倫比 (4)equality n. 平等 equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同樣地,[見證2014]If the constitution said that all people were free and equal，then she thought it should apply to her. 如果憲法說所有的人都是自由平等的，那么她認為這也應該適用于她。(2014·山東卷閱讀理解C) ①No one equals him in strength. 論力氣，無人能和他相比。 ②China calls for promoting ________，mutual trust and mutually beneficial cooperation in international relations. 中國主張在國際關系中弘揚平等互信，合作共贏的精神。,③He is a man who lacks experience and determination，and I think he is not________ the job. 他是一個缺乏經(jīng)驗和意志薄弱的人，所以我認為他不能勝任這份工作。 ④Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be________respected. 任何人，不管是官員還是公交車司機，都應該平等地受到尊敬。,答案： ②equality ③equal to ④equally,6．escape v．&n. 逃脫；逃生；泄露 [教材原句] It was a prison from which no one escaped. 那是個無人逃跑過的監(jiān)獄。,(1)escape (doing) sth.逃避(做)某事 escape from 從……逃脫；逃避 escape one's attention/notice 逃過某人的注意 sth. escapes sb.被忘記，記不起 (2)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生,[見證2014]We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured. 我們跑著躲避，不過幸好沒有人受傷。(2014·陜西卷短文改錯) ①There is no way to escape doing the work. 沒辦法不干這份工作。 ②Two prisoners have escaped________the prison. 兩名犯人從監(jiān)獄逃走了。 ③He narrowly escaped________________(kill)． 他險些喪命。,④Believe it or not，I had a______________. 信不信由你，我死里逃生。 ⑤His name______________. 我記不起他的名字了。,答案： ②from ③being killed ④narrow escape ⑤escapes me,7．beg vi.請求；乞求 [教材原句] All that time my wife and children had to beg for food and help from relatives or friends. 在此期間，我的妻兒只得從親戚朋友處討飯吃，并乞求幫助。,(1)beg for乞求得到；請求得到 beg (sb.) to do sth.乞求(某人)做某事 beg sth.of/from sb.＝beg sb.for sth.向某人要(求)某物 beg one's pardon沒有聽清，請求別人再重復一次的意思，此時多用升調(diào) (2)beggar n. 乞丐,①They stand by the road begging for money. 他們站在路邊討錢。 ②They begged him________help. 他們向他求援。 ③The child begged________(go)with his mother. 那孩子懇求和他媽媽一起去。,答案： ②for ③to go,8．reward n. 報酬；獎金 vt.酬勞；獎賞 [教材原句] They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. 他們說來自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是對我一生為黑人的平等權利而奮斗的回報。,(1)as a reward for作為(對某事的)報酬/獎賞 in reward(for.)作為(……的)報答；作為(……的)獎勵 offer sb.a reward for sth.為某事而給某人報酬 (2)reward sb.for.為……酬謝某人 reward sb.with sth.用……酬謝某人,[見證2014]The police will reward whoever provides useful information to catch the robber. 任何人提供有用信息幫助抓住劫匪，警方將予以獎勵。(2014·湖北卷) ①He was given a medal________a reward for his bravery. 他因表現(xiàn)勇敢而被授予了一枚獎章。 ②They ________ the boy ________ ￡5 ________ bringing back the lost dog. 他們給了那個男孩五英鎊，酬謝他把走失的狗送回來。,答案： ①as ②rewarded；with；for,[比較辨析],[填一填] Mo Yan was ________ the Nobel Prize for Literature.In his spare time，he has always been ready to help young writers.How can we ________ his kindness?,答案：awarded；reward,9．out of work失業(yè)(＝out of a job) [教材原句] .and I worried about whether I would become out of work. ……而且我擔心是否我會失業(yè)。,板塊二：短語和句型,①out of control失控 ②out of repair失修 ③out of order有毛病，出故障 ④out of date過時 ⑤out of danger脫險 ⑥out of place不適當 ⑦out of mind心不在焉,①He must face the reality of being out of work. 他必須正視失業(yè)這一現(xiàn)實。 ②The phone at the street corner is out of________again. 街角的電話又壞了。 ③He affected fashions slightly out of________. 他愛穿稍有些過時的衣服。,答案：②order ③date,10．in trouble有麻煩；處于困難中 [教材原句] Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble. 伊萊亞斯在有麻煩時去見納爾遜·曼德拉。,,①Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble. 當你遇到困難時請向警察求助。 ②If you play with dangerous chemicals like that you're just ______________. 如果你這樣擺弄危險的化學品，你簡直是在自討苦吃。 ③They took great trouble ________________(persuade) their father to live with them. 他們費了很大的勁才說服父親和他們住在一起。,答案：②asking for trouble ③to persuade,11．turn to 求助于；翻到(書的某頁)；查閱；轉向 [教材原句] Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal? 為什么納爾遜·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？,①turn in 上交 ②turn around/round 轉身 ③turn away 拒絕；不準……入內(nèi) ④turn down 關小；拒絕 ⑤turn off/on 關掉/打開 ⑥turn over 翻身；翻轉；移交 ⑦turn up 出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大 ⑧turn out 證明是；結果是,①You can turn to your teacher for help if you are in trouble. 如果你有麻煩，你可以向你的老師求助。 ②Those who want to go are to______________their applications before Friday. 想去那的人們星期五之前上交他們的申請表。 ③It________he was the General Manager of the company. 結果他是這家公司的總經(jīng)理。,④The boy wanted to join the army but was____________because he was under age. 那個男孩想?yún)④?，但因為年齡不夠被拒絕了。 ⑤Twenty people were expected，but only ten________________. 原期望有20人，但只有10人到場。,答案： ②turn in ③turned out ④turned down ⑤turned up,12．lose heart喪失信心,①lose one's heart to sb.愛上某人 ②heart and soul 全心全意 ③put one's heart into 一心撲在……上 ④learn sth.by heart背誦，牢記,①She lost her heart to the handsome guy. 她愛上了這個英俊的小伙子。 ②He failed many times，but he________. 他失敗了很多次，但是他并沒有失去信心。 ③He is such a person that he likes doing everything that he wants to________(全心全意)． 他是一個做任何他想做的事都要全心全意的人。 ④The boy learned the poem________. 這個男孩背下了這首詩。 ⑤As a matter of fact，nothing is too difficult if you__________it. 事實上，世上無難事，只怕有心人。,答案： ②did not lose heart ③heart and soul ④by heart ⑤put your heart into,13．set up 建立；創(chuàng)立 [教材原句] Set up law office to help poor black people in Johannesburg. 成立律師事務所去幫助約翰內(nèi)斯堡貧窮的黑人……,,①The Voice of China has set up a stage where some people can achieve their dreams. 《中國好聲音》搭建了一個舞臺，在這里一些人可以實現(xiàn)夢想。 ②I should__________what happened regularly day by day. 我應按部就班地一天天接著寫下去。 ③He__________helping homeless women and children to places of safety. 他著手幫助把無家可歸的婦女和兒童送到安全的地區(qū)。,答案： ②set down ③set about,14．Until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎沒有任何權利的階段。,where we have almost no rights at all是定語從句，修飾先行詞stage。當先行詞為stage，case，situation，position等抽象地點名詞，且定語從句中缺少狀語時，用where引導定語從句。,①At that time we had reached a stage where we had more black readers than white ones. 那時候我們已到了黑人讀者比白人讀者還要多的階段。 ②You could get into a situation________you have to decide immediately. 你可能遇上一種情況，使你不得不立刻作出決定。 ③The baby has reached the stage____________he can stand up. 這個嬰兒到了能站立的階段。 ④We are now in a position____________we can be very successful this year. 現(xiàn)在我們處于一個較好的境況中，今年可能會成功。,答案： ②where ③where ④where,15．.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ……只有到那個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。,only放在句首修飾狀語(通常是副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句等)時，句子需要用部分倒裝。,①Only then did I realize the importance of health. 到那時我才意識到健康的重要性。 ②Only in this way________solve the problem. 只有用這種方法你才能解決這個問題。 ③Only when I left my parents for Italy____________how much I loved them. 直到我離開父母去意大利我才意識到我有多么愛他們。,答案： ②can you ③did I realize,16．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次給旅行團作講解時，我的心情很不好。,,①I recognized her the moment (that)I saw her. 我一眼就認出了她。 ②______________ I interviewed him，he looked a bit nervous. 我第一次采訪他時，他看起來有點緊張。 ③He paid back the money he owed us______________ he returned home. 他一回家就把欠我們的錢還上了。 ④____________ I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers. 每次我在公園里看到這位老人時，他都在專注地讀報。,答案：②The first time ③directly/instantly/immediately ④Each time,[比較辨析],[填一填] He became interested in the young teacher's lesson________________he attended his class.He was so excited in class__________________.,答案： the first time；for the first time,Ⅰ.填入合適的關系副詞 1．What is the name of the town________we stayed last night? 2．Please leave the book________it was. 3．This is the reason________he cried. 4．July，________we can go home for a rest, is coming soon. 5．I shall never forget the days________I lived in the country with my parents.,單元語法專練：關系副詞引導的定語從句,答案： 1.where 2.where 3.why/for which 4.when/in which 5.when,Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語提示，用句末括號內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子 1．I have reached a stage in my life____________________make decisions on my own.(suppose) 我已經(jīng)到了應該自己做出決定的人生階段。 2．Only when all of us help the people in the earthquake-hit area________________________.(return) 只有當我們所有人都幫助地震災區(qū)的人們時，他們才能很快地恢復正常的生活。,答案：1.where I am supposed to 2．will they return to their normal life quickly,3．Her son，________________________，went abroad last year，leaving her alone in the small village.(devoted) 她非常疼愛的兒子去年去了國外，留下她一個人在小村子里。 4．Mr White________________________for an examination yesterday but he was too busy to come.(come) 懷特先生昨天應該來醫(yī)院檢查，但是他太忙了沒有來。 5．He gave the children some chocolate______________.(reward) 他給孩子們一些巧克力來獎勵他們的良好表現(xiàn)。,答案： 3．to whom she is so devoted 4．should have come to the hospital 5．to reward them for behaving well/good behaviour,