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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit 2 Working the land Using language同步練習 新人教版必修4 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 讀下面的句子，根據(jù)所給的首字母或漢語提示寫出一個完整、準確的英語單詞，使句子順暢。 1．They c________me with different descriptions of what had happened. 2．Soil should be improved by adding o________fertitizer. 3．The new model will have been in________(生產(chǎn))by the end of the year. 4．Researchers have made some important d________in this field. 5．How will the tax________(影響)people on low ines? 6．The police chief made no________(評論)about the bomb attack. 7．Often allergies are at the ________(是……的根本原因)of the problems. 8．When money is in short s________ many businesses fail. 答案：1.confused　2.organic　3.production　4.discoveries 5．a(chǎn)ffect　6ments　7.root　8.supply Ⅱ.用本課所學知識翻譯下列短語。 1．讓很多人知道信息和想法____________________________________________ 2．為了某一目的_______________________________________________________ 3．被大量種植_______________________________________________________ 4．嘗試，試驗______________________________________________________ 5．需要_______________________________________________________ 6．有機農(nóng)業(yè)___________________________________________________ 7．破壞土地________________________________________________________ 8．積聚，增加_________________________________________________________ 9．使空氣、土壤和水中無化學物質(zhì)_________________________________________ 10．阻止風和水把土壤帶走______________________________________________ 11．避免危害環(huán)境和人們的健康________________________________________________ 答案： 1．make information and ideas known to many people 2．for a certain purpose 3．be grown in large amounts 4．try out 5．in need of 6．organic farming 7．cause damage to the land/damage the land 8．build up 9．keep the air, soil and water free from/of chemicals 10．prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil 11．a(chǎn)void damaging the environment or peoples health Ⅲ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 完成B句，使其與A句意思相同或相近。 1．A.However often I try, I cant find the answer. B．________ ________ ________often I try, I cant find the answer. 2．A.He wanted to water the flowers in the garden instead of wandering in the street. B．He ________ ________water the flowers in the garden than________in the street. 3．A.He has worked twice the time I have. B．He has worked twice________ ________ ________I have. 4．A.It is known to all that Yuan Longping tried to increase the output of the rice without increasing the area. B．________is known to all，Yuan Longping tried to increase the output of the rice without ________the area. 5．A.At last, they reached an old temple, which the villagers once used as a school. B．At last they reched________was once an old temple________was used as a school. 答案：1.No matter how　2.would rather, wander　3.as long as　4.As, expanding　5.what, which Ⅳ.單項填空 從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。 1．His parents died in an accident，________him an orphan. A．to leave　　　　　　　 B．leaving C．left D．being left 答案：B　此處為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，表示一種自然而然的結(jié)果。 2．There were so much noise that he had to shout to make himself________. A．hear B．hearing C．to hear D．heard 答案：D　由句意可知himself與hear之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作賓語補足語。 3．(xx浙江－3)The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without________his notes. A．bringing up B．referring to C．looking for D．trying on 答案：B　題意：總統(tǒng)在業(yè)務(wù)會議上沒有看稿子，作了接近一個小時的報告。refer to表示“查閱；參考；征詢”。bring up表示“教育、養(yǎng)育；提出、引出”。try on表示“試穿”。 4．(xx全國Ⅰ－25)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit________the season. A．whatever B．wherever C．whenever D．however 答案：A　題意：無論什么季節(jié)，律師都穿同一套制服。whatever表示“(無論做什么或發(fā)生什么都沒關(guān)系，因為結(jié)果都一樣)無論什么，不管什么”，相當于no matter what，引導讓步狀語從句。注意：狀語從句省略了謂語動詞is。 5．I regret________that you have failed again in the driving test. A．telling B．tell C．having D．to tell 答案：D　regret to do sth.意為“很遺憾地要做某事”，而regret doing sth.意為“后悔做了某事”。 6．With no hope for cure and no way to ________her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctors help to end her life. A．reduce B．increase C．decrease D．cut 答案：A　本題考查動詞的用法。reduce“減輕；縮小”；increase“增加；增大”；decrease“減少”；cut“切；削；剪”。由句意“因為沒有希望治愈和減輕惡疾給她帶來的痛苦，那位病人請求醫(yī)生幫助結(jié)束她的生命”可知選A。 7．Stressful environments________lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which________increase the risk of heart disease. A．in turn; lead to B．in return; e to C．by chance; thanks to D．by turns; turn to 答案：A　in turn“轉(zhuǎn)而；依次”；in return“作為報答”；by chance“偶然地；無意中”；by turns“輪流地；依次”。lead to“導致；導向；引起，造成”；thanks to“由于；因為”；e to“涉及；談及”；turn to“向……求助”。題意：緊張的環(huán)境會導致諸如不良的飲食習慣等不健康行為，而后者又會導致患心臟病的危險得以增加。A為正確答案。 8．(xx北京)I feel greatly honored________into their society. A．to wele B．weling C．to be weled D．weled 答案：C　wele與“I”之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故wele須用被動語態(tài)形式。該句語意相當于I feel it a great honor to be weled into their society. 9．You must take the most scrupulous care to keep the wound________the dirt. A．a(chǎn)way from B．free from C．out of D．for free 答案：B　keep... free from“使不受……傷害，不受……影響”；keep... away from“使遠離……”，keep... out of“不讓……進入……”；keep... for free“免費持有……”。由句意“你必須小心護理，以免傷口沾上污物”可知選B。 10．Radium salts, which have been found to________in bones, give rise to cancers of the bone. A．pile up B．build up C．keep up D．pull up 答案：B　本題考查動詞短語的用法。build up“積累”；pile up“堆積”；keep up“保護，維持”；pull up“停車”。根據(jù)句子意思“發(fā)現(xiàn)在骨頭里積累的鐳鹽，可以使骨癌發(fā)病率上升”可知，B為正確答案。 Ⅴ.完形填空 請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 I was six when I joined my father and two elder brothers at sunrise in the fields of Eufaula, Okla.__1__the time I was eight I was helping dad fix up old furniture. He gave me a cent for every nail__2__out of old boards. I got my first__3__job, at JMs Restaurant in town, when I was 12. My main responsibilities(職責)were__4__tables and washing dishes，__5__sometimes I helped cook. Every day after school I would__6__to JMs and work until ten. Even on Saturdays I__7__from two until eleven. At that age it was difficult going to work and__8__my friends run off to swim or play. I didnt necessarily like work, but I loved what working__9__me to have. Because of my__10__I was always the one buying when my friends and I went to the local Tastee Freez. This made me __11__. Word that I was trustworthy and hardworking__12__around town. A local clothing store offered me credit(賒賬)__13__I was only in seventh grade. I immediately__14__a $ 68 sports coat and a $ 22 pair of shoes. I was__15__only 65 cents an hour, and I already owed the storekeeper $90! So I learned__16__the danger of easy credit. I paid it__17__as soon as I could. My first job taught me selfcontrol, responsibility and brought me a__18__of personal satisfaction few of my friends had experienced. As my father，__19__worked three jobs, once told me，“If you__20__sacrifice(奉獻)and responsibility, there are not many things in life you cant have.”How right he was. 1．A.Before B．Within C．From D．By 答案：D　“by”這里意思是“當(某時候)到了”。本句的意思是“當我八歲時，我就在幫助父親修理家具了。” 2．A.pulled B．put C．picked D．pressed 答案：A　pull sth. out of...意為“從……拔出……”。 3．A.usual B．real C．main D．particular 答案：B　從上文得知，作者在八歲時就幫父親干活。他認為那種活頂多算是“家務(wù)活”，所以第一次在家庭之外從事的這份工作才是他的“真正的”工作。 4．A.sweeping B．packing C．clearing D．emptying 答案：C　從這四個選項的英文解釋，就能看出它們之間的明顯區(qū)別。 sweep：to clear away sth. with a broom or brush pack：to put things into a bag，box, etc. clear：to make or bee clean empty：to remove what is inside 5．A.or B．so C．but D．even 答案：C　even是干擾項，從語意上可行，從語法上不可。因為even只是個副詞，它不能引導句子。 6．A.head B．turn C．change D．move 答案：A　head to相當于go to。 7．A.studied B．worked C．played D．slept 答案：B　由第二段第一句可知是去工作。 8．A.helping B．having C．watching D．letting 答案：C　本題所給的四個選項后都可跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓補。但本句表達的意思是“在那樣(小)的年齡，很難做到自己在干活而‘眼瞅著同伴們跑去游泳或玩?！?。 9．A.asked B．told C．promised D．a(chǎn)llowed 答案：D　干擾項是C。promise sb. to do sth.，答應(yīng)某人做某事，它的主語是人，而本句的主語是working，顯然不對。正確選項allowed在此句的意思是“讓……得到……，給”。本句的意思是“但是我喜歡工作讓我所擁有的東西”。 10．A.study B．power C．a(chǎn)ge D．job 答案：D　因為有工作，所以能自己買東西。 11．A.proud B．friendly C．lucky D．hopeful 答案：A　能夠用自己掙的錢買東西當然感到自豪。 12．A.ran B．got C．flew D．carried 答案：B　run around到處跑；fly around到處飛；get around(消息、謠言、故事等)悄悄地傳開。 13．A.although B．while C．if D．since 答案：A　句意為：盡管我才上七年級，一家當?shù)氐姆b店卻同意賒賬給我。 14．A.sold B．borrowed C．charged D．wore 答案：C　“charge”這里意為“to make account of(as a debt)”，(作為債務(wù))記賬。從上文得知，一家服裝店主動賒賬給他，所以他就賒賬買了衣服和鞋子。 15．A.keeping B．making C．paying D．taking 答案：B　make money 賺錢。 16．A.gradually B．greatly C．hardly D．early 答案：D　作者因為輕易的賒了90美元的帳，而他每小時才掙65美分，所以還帳很艱難，所以作者“很早”就懂得了輕易賒帳的危害。 17．A.out B．over C．a(chǎn)way D．off 答案：D　pay off償清(債務(wù))。 18．A.point B．level C．part D．sign 答案：B　level “標準”，自我滿足的標準。 19．A.he B．that C．who D．whoever 答案：C　who引導定語從句。 20．A.understand B．demand C．offer D．fear 答案：A　句意為“如果你懂得了奉獻和責任的含義，生活中就沒有多少你得不到的東西”。 Ⅵ.閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 Millions of people die of hunger in southern Africa every year, but when Zambia was offered thousands of tons of free maize by the US, the government politely said no. “We dont know whether the food is safe，” said Zambias merce, Trade and Industry Minister Dipak Patel. His worries are shared by countries around the world that doubt about Americans genetically modified crops. Just last week, EU member nations were discussing whether or not to import GM sweet corn from the US. Ever since people started farming, they have tried to crossbreed plant to make them stronger or better tasting. At one time, only related plants could be crossed with each other. But when GM techniques were developed in the 1970s, scientists were able to put a single gene from a living creature into an unrelated creature. This means they can make crops more productive and resistant to diseases by adding genes from other species. They can also create food with special characteristics, such as “golden rice”， which is enriched with vitamin A. But many people believe GM foods are a health risk. At the moment, the official argument is that GM foods “are not likely to present risks for human health”. But there are still many questions to be answered as the foods are produced in different ways. Some experts believe the genetic material added to plants can transfer to humans and damage our bodies. Further harm could be caused by the genes from GM plants crossbreeding with naturally produced crops. People in China are also getting worried about GM foods. More than 70 percent of the countrys soybean oil is produced from imported GM soybeans. Meanwhile, an investigation last November found that 12 out of 60 famous food brands sold across the country were GM products. The government has begun to introduce a labeling system for GM foods so that consumers can choose whether or not they eat them. 1．Why has Zambia refused the American free maize? A．They are too proud to accept free offer. B．They worry about the safety of GM food. C．Their problem of starvation is not serious. D．They decide to follow EU members advice. 答案：B　根據(jù)第二段中的“We dont know whether the food is safe...”可知，他們擔心這一食品是否安全，故B為正確答案。 2．It has been proved that________. A．GM foods are harmful to peoples health B．GM foods are better than naturally produced foods C．only related plants could be crossed with each other D．GM techniques can increase the production of crops 答案：D　從文章第六段This means they can make crops more productive and resistant to diseases by adding genes from other species.可知，轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng)作物的高產(chǎn)和抗病是已得到證實的。 3．Which is the best title for the passage? A．GM Foods in China B．Advantages of GM Foods C．GM Foods, A Health Risk? D．The Development of GM Techniques 答案：C　轉(zhuǎn)基因食品對人體的安全性是很多人質(zhì)疑的問題，也是本文的中心話題。 4．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．People in China are getting worried about GM foods. B．People can buy GM products in China. C．Many people believe GM foods are a health risk. D．The government persuades consumers to eat GM foods. 答案：D　根據(jù)文章的最后一句可知，政府正在引進基因食品的分類體系，以便于消費者選擇是否食用轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品，因此，D與文章相矛盾。 Ⅰ.短文改錯 此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行做出判斷：如果無錯誤，在該行右邊的橫線上畫一個勾(√)；如有錯誤(每行只有一個錯誤)，則按下列情況改正： 此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉，在該行右邊的橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。 此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，在該行右邊的橫線上寫出該加的詞。 此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊的橫線上寫出改正后的詞。 注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。 Mr. Jones and Mrs. Jones were angry at each other.1.________ They did not say for several days. One day Mr. Jones2.________ was very tired when he came back to work, so he3.________ went to the bed soon after dinner without a word.4.________ Mrs. Jones washed, did some sewing. When she5.________ went up to bed much late than her husband she6.________ found a piece of paper on small table near her7.________ bed. On it were the words. “Mother——Wake me up at8.________ 7 a．m.—Father.” When Mr. Jones wake up the next morning, it was9.________ nearly 8 a．m.，and on the small table near his bed he saw other piece of paper. On it was“Father10.________ —Wake up, it is 7 a．m.—Mother.” 答案： 1．a(chǎn)t→with　be angry with sb.(at/about sth.)表示“(由于……)而生某人的氣”。例如：I was angry with myself for making such a stupid mistake.我因為犯了這么愚蠢的錯誤而在生自己的氣。 2．say→speak　speak側(cè)重于說話動作的本身，著重說話的能力而不在內(nèi)容，可以是長篇大論的演講，也可以是三言兩語的交談，甚至指簡單的開口發(fā)聲說話。例如：He ate his meal without once speaking to his dinner panion.他和就餐同伴一句話沒說就吃完了飯。say最普通常用詞，指用語言表達思想，著重所說的內(nèi)容。例如：He finds it hard to say what he feels.他覺得很難說出自己的感受。 3．to→from　from表示某人/某物出發(fā)的地方或方向。例如：She es home from work at 7 p．m.她下午7點下班回家。 4．去掉the　go to bed表示“去睡；就寢”；例如：Its time to go to bed.該睡覺了。 5．did前加and　did和washed構(gòu)成并列謂語，時態(tài)保持一致。 6．late→later　與后文中的than構(gòu)成比較級。 7．on后加the　特指那張小桌子。 8．√ 9．wake→woke　客觀地陳述過去發(fā)生的事，采用一般過去時。 10．other→another　another表示“另一個”；例如：This pen doesnt work; can you give me another one？這支鋼筆不行。你能另給我一支嗎？ Ⅱ.新短文改錯 (xx寧夏、海南卷) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加： 在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧), 并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除： 把多余的詞用斜線( / )劃掉。 修改： 在錯的詞下劃一橫線， 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意： 1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。 Dear Mrs Winthorp， So my first week at college is over! No lectures this morning so I think Id email you and let you know what things are going. Im glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm. I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a fortable one on second floor. There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so that we can help each other on the course work. Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here. Well, I had better to stop now. Im going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon, for Ive got some preparation to make. Keep in touch. Best， Carol 答案： Dear Mrs. Winthorp， So my first week at college is over! No lectures this morning so I think Id email you and let you know things are going. Im glad to say that has worked out fine in the dorm. I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they me a fortable one on second floor. There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make with them so that we can help each other the course work. Everyone else seems very nice and here. Well, I had better to\ stop now. Im going to attend first lesson this afternoon, Ive got some preparation to make. Keep in touch. Best， Carol Ⅲ.對話填空 請認真閱讀下面對話，并根據(jù)各題所給首字母的提示，在答題卡上標有題號的橫線上，寫出一個英語單詞的完整、正確形式，使對話通順。 K＝Kathy M＝Mum M：Kathy, have you decided what youre going to do in the vacation? K：I need to (1) e________some money. Id try to find a job looking after children. What do you think, mum? M：Its not an easy job and you dont have any particular (2) k________about children. Some children could be noisy and badly (3) b________. Do you have any other ideas? K：Not (4) r________. I dont think much of the jobs Ive seen (5) a________in the newspaper. (A week later) M：Kathy, are you still looking for a children job? K：No, Mum. I (6) m________to tell you earlier. Ive been offered a job in the office of the local puter factory and its well paid. Ive decided to take it and will (7) s________on Monday. M：Good! Tell me more (8) d________about the job. K：I will work as a (9) s________， typing letters, answering phone calls and so on. M：Some people may find it busy and (10) b________， and you need to be patient and careful. K：Thank you, Mum. Ill try my best. 答案：1.earn　2.knowledge　3.behaved　4.really　5.advertis(z)ed　6.meant　7.start　8.detail(s)　9.secretary　10.boring Ⅳ.任務(wù)型讀寫 請認真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。 注意：每個空格只填1個單詞。 High school students who, after graduation would like to continue their education are frequently faced with many problems in financing college training. Free education is not so widespread at the college level as at the elementary and secondary school levels. There is usually a charge for tuition. In addition, for most students, going to college means living away from home, an expensive matter. What, then, can be done by a student who finds that he must help to finance himself if he is to extend his education beyond high school? There are several possibilities. Scholarships are sometimes available. These are usually given partly on the basis of high grades. Therefore the daytoday work in high school may be very important for determining ones chances of help from this source. Another source of help is the college loan fund, which is established for the purpose of providing loans to worthy students. A third plan is that of working ones way through school. Work may involve holding a parttime job outside the college. Sometimes it means assisting professors in laboratory work, library work, or office routine. Sometimes it means performing some service which the student body requires, such as helping in the preparation and serving of meals, working in college stores, and the like. Working Ones Way through School Problems of 1.______college education A.2.______free education at college level B．3.________ C．Living away from home 4.________of solving the problems A.5.________ B.College 6.________funds C.Work (1)Outside college (2)For professors a．7.________professors in laboratory b．Working in library c．Carrying out 8.________duties (3)9.________school jobs a．10.________and serving meals b．Working in college stores 答案：1.financing　2.Little　3.Tuition　4.Ways/Possibilities　5.scholarships　6.loan　7.Assisting/Helping　8.office　9.Other　10.Preparing Ⅴ.補全對話 根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 W：Im free this afternoon. Shall we go to the cinema? M：__1__Any films about war on today? W：Im afraid not.__2__ M：Well, most plays are badly written, though theyre not expensive. W：__3__You like music very much, dont you? M：Yes, light music. But now you can only hear noisy music. W：__4__ M：Why not go to the library to borrow some books? You like reading as much as I do, dont you? W：__5__ A．How about the theatre? B．Lets go to a concert. C．Thats right. D．OK. But I hate love stories. E．What are you going to do then? F．OK. Lets go. G．Oh, yes, certainly. 答案：1～5　DABEF