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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 課后強(qiáng)化作業(yè)30 外研版必修5 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě) 1．The polluted air in the city is badly ________________ (危害) the health of the residents. 2．Jim went to answer the phone. ________________ (同時(shí)), Peter started to prepare lunch. 3．Dont you think its a __________________(奇跡) that he should e back alive? 4．He always wants to be the ________________ (焦點(diǎn)) of attention. 5．Try not to ________________ (使沮喪) yourself about losing your job—you can soon find another one. 6．They had to ______________ (斗爭(zhēng)) for their lives against weather and wild animals. 7．He cant go for an outing, since he is in poor ____________ ______ (狀況)． 8．Many employees have the opportunity to ___________ _______ (購(gòu)買(mǎi)) shares in the pany they work for. 9．After the traffic accident happened, the police were soon on the ________________ (現(xiàn)場(chǎng))． 10．Dont ________________ (涉及，包括) me in your quarrel. 答案：1.endangering　2.Meanwhile　3.wonder　4.focus　5.upset　6.struggle　7.condition　8.purchase　9.spot　10.involve Ⅱ.完成句子 1．我們都為她的安全擔(dān)憂(yōu)。 Were all ______________________ her safety. 2．有太多的人與此事有瓜葛。 There were too many people ________ the matter. 3．讀這本書(shū)是值得的。 It is ____________________ read this book. 4．讓人驚奇的是這么多年之后你還認(rèn)得我。 ______________________ that you recognized me after all these years. 5．字母X常被用來(lái)代表未知數(shù)。 The letter “X” is often used to ____________________ an unknown number. 答案：1.concerned about　2.involved in　3.worthwhile to　4.It is a wonder　5.stand for Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．(xx煙臺(tái)模擬)Although ________ after a whole days work, I spend half an hour doing housework every day. A．was tired　　　　　　　 B．being tiring C．tired D．tiring 答案：C　考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。although tired是although I am tired的省略。 2．Natural gas like other forms of ________， has greatly increased in price in recent years. A．power B．strength C．force D．energy 答案：D　考查名詞辨析。句意：像其他能源一樣，近年來(lái)天然氣的價(jià)格也迅速上漲。power“能力，力量，功率，勢(shì)力，權(quán)力”；strength“力氣”，force“力量，武力，軍隊(duì)”；energy“能源，精力”。結(jié)合句意，D項(xiàng)正確。 3．—Can I sit at the table near the window? —Sorry. It has been ________. A．deserved B．reserved C．preserve D．served 答案：B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。后句意：對(duì)不起，那張桌子已經(jīng)有人訂下了。deserve “保存，保護(hù)，維持”；serve “招待，供應(yīng)，為……服務(wù)”。由句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。這幾個(gè)詞都含有serve，要注意加以區(qū)別。 4．(xx溫州模擬)The little girl showed no anxiety before the petition. She seemed ________ for it pretty well. A．to prepared B．to have prepared C．having prepared D．to be preparing 答案：B　句意：那小女孩在競(jìng)賽前沒(méi)露出焦慮的神情。她似乎已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備得很充分了。seem to have done為動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式，表示動(dòng)作先于另一動(dòng)作發(fā)生。 5．The picture in the advertisment is ________， and I dont know what it is. A．out of focus B．in focus C．on focus D．with focus 答案：A　由句意可知，此空白處應(yīng)指“不清楚的，模糊的”，out of focus表示“不清晰的，模糊的”；in focus意為“清晰的”。 6．(xx哈爾濱模擬)Mary has got the first place in the 100meter race. ________ she looks so excited. A．No doubt B．No wonder C．No way D．No problem 答案：B　no wonder“難怪，怪不得”。后句意為：難怪她看起來(lái)如此興奮。 7．________ that he would be late for the meeting, he put his alarm clock forward. A．Concern B．Concerning C．Concerned D．To concern 答案：C　句意為：擔(dān)心開(kāi)會(huì)遲到，他把鬧鐘往前撥了。此處為(be)concerned that“擔(dān)心……”，在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。 8．—Have you taken Jims advice? —No, I dont think it worth ________ a second time. A．considering B．be considered C．to consider D．being considered 答案：A　be worth doing “值得做某事”，此結(jié)構(gòu)用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。 9．Many famous people ________ their own My Space Page where they could respond to their fans. A．set up B．set off C．set out D．set about 答案：A　考查短語(yǔ)辨析。set up“建立，建起”；set off“出發(fā)，動(dòng)身，引起”；set out“開(kāi)始做，出發(fā)”；set about“著手做”。由句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。 10．Use my umbrella to ________ yourself from the rain, will you? A．prevent　　　　　　　 B．keep C．rescue D．protect 答案：D　prevent/keep...from (doing) sth.表示“阻止某人(做)某事”；rescue sb. from...“從……中把某人救出來(lái)”。protect...from“使……免于”，據(jù)語(yǔ)境只能選D。 11．He took part in the workers struggle ________ better pay. A．a(chǎn)gainst　　　 B．for　　　 C．with　　　 D．to 答案：B　句意：他參加了工人們?yōu)樘岣吖べY而進(jìn)行的斗爭(zhēng)。struggle for“為……作斗爭(zhēng)”；struggle against“反對(duì)，與……作斗爭(zhēng)”；struggle with“和……并肩奮斗”；D項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法上講不通，故只有B項(xiàng)正確。 12．After graduation from high school, I went to college; ______， all my friends got wellpaid jobs. A．meanwhile B．while C．when D．besides 答案：A　句意：高中畢業(yè)后，我上大學(xué)去了，同時(shí)，我的朋友們?nèi)颊业搅耸杖氩诲e(cuò)的工作。此處指“我去上大學(xué)的同時(shí)”，所以要用meanwhile。while和when后面不用逗號(hào)，besides意為“除此之外”。故選A。 13．________ that he had no qualification in business management, he planned to take up a course. A．Concern　 B．Concerning　 C．Concerned　 D．To concern 答案：C　此處為“(be)concerned that從句”，“擔(dān)心……”，在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，而且concern與he之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用v.ing形式。 14．(xx揚(yáng)州中學(xué)高三期中) In my childhood, I was often________by mother to mind my behavior. A．hoped　　 B．demanded 　　 C．a(chǎn)llowed 　　 D．reminded 答案：D　句意：小時(shí)候，媽媽經(jīng)常提醒我注意言行。remind“提醒”。 15．Im not ________ it any longer. A．standing for B．standing out C．standing by D．standing down 答案：A　stand for“容忍，代表”；stand out“出色”；stand by“袖手旁觀”；stand down“離職，下臺(tái)”，據(jù)句意答案為A。 Ⅳ.閱讀理解 Thousands of eggs of the endangered Olive Ridley turtles (海龜) on the beach have failed to hatch this year because of the recent oil spill. An oil coat had spread over a seven km area near the nesting site off the Rushikulya beach after around eight tons of furnace oil leaked from an Essarowned vessel near Gopalpur port, 20 km from here, on April 12. Being pushed by high tide, the spilled oil spread to the coast. Villagers claimed that they had seen carcasses of adult turtles along the coast after the sea water had been contaminated. Around 155, 000 of the rare Olive Ridleys had nested along the coastline in March while the mass hatching of eggs, which continued for a week, ended last week. “The authorities cleaned only 2 km—3 km stretch of the beach. Many eggs were damaged due to the effect of oil deposits. Moreover, many baby turtles failed to move out of the nest as the soil also got harder，” Sahu, who along with villagers of Purunabandha has been working in the turtle conservation programme in the last 16 years, said. Turtle expert Kartik Shanker also raised similar concerns. “The oil spill will have an effect on the mortality rate of the hatchlings. But scientifically, it is not possible to arrive at a mortality figure for it，” Shanker, a professor at the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, said. Marine scientist Bijay Kumar Sahu said there was an immediate need for a detailed multidiscipline faculty study on the longterm impact of the oil spill on the marine environment. State forest and wildlife officials, however, refuted (反駁) the claims. “The oil spill has had no effect on the hatching process. Oil was cleaned from the beach a long time ago and the issue is now a closed chapter，” the states Chief Conservator of Forests (Wildlife), Srivastava said. The mortality rate of the hatchings is usually high with only one out of every thousand surviving to bee an adult turtle. “Out of around 100120 eggs laid by a single female turtle, only about 80 of them hatch. The newborns then face threats from predators like crows, jackals, etc. They also get eaten up by sea predators，” wildlife activist Biswajit Mohanty said. 石油的泄漏給海洋生物帶來(lái)了很大的影響，本文主要論述了石油泄漏對(duì)海龜孵化的影響。 1．Many baby turtles couldnt get out of their nests after they were hatched because ________. A．their parents failed to find them B．the oil made the soil hard to break C．there was too much oil surrounding them D．they were too weak to get out of their nests 答案：B　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“many baby turtles failed to move out of the nest as the soil also got harder”可知許多小海龜在被孵化出來(lái)后無(wú)力破開(kāi)經(jīng)過(guò)石油浸透而變硬的土壤。 2．The underlined “it”in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ______. A．the oil spill B．the mortality rate C．the rate of hatchling D．the survival of turtles 答案：A　考查代詞指代。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容可知，如今還很難對(duì)因?yàn)槭托孤┒斐傻乃劳鰯?shù)字作出科學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)，因此it指代的是前面提到的石油泄漏。 3．Srivastavas opinion is different from that of some other scientists in that ________. A．the longterm effect of the oil spill remains to be seen B．the effect of the oil spill is quite clear and it needs no study C．the hatching of turtles is free from the effect of the oil spill D．the oil spill does lead to a higher mortality rate of the hatchlings 答案：C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知， Srivastava認(rèn)為石油泄漏對(duì)于海龜?shù)姆趸瘺](méi)有影響，這一點(diǎn)與一些科學(xué)家的看法相反。 4．The best title for the passage should be “________”． A．The mortality rate of the hatchling of turtles B．Oil spill spoils thousands of turtle eggs C．How turtles survive the oil spill D．Effect of oil spill on the environment 答案：B　考查主旨大意。瀏覽全文不難看出本文主要是圍繞石油泄漏對(duì)海龜孵化的影響來(lái)討論的，因此選項(xiàng)B適合作標(biāo)題。 Ⅴ.短文填空 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 __1__Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of fingerprints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case. The ridge (隆起) structure on a persons fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one, which bears a reproduction of the original pattern.__2__Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own fingerprints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take. Fingerprints can be made very easily with printers ink. They can be recorded easily.__3__Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, fingerprints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain.__4__When a suspect leaves fingerprints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye. __5__Some of the marks found are inplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained. A. Special techniques are used to “develop” them. B. A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all part of the finger. C. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed. D. With special methods, identification can be achieved successfully within a short time. E. A latent print is the chance reproduction of the friction ridges deposited on the surface of an item. F. His fingerprints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident. G. Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. 答案：1～5　GCDFA