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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit4 Earthquakes Grammar同步測控 新人教必修1 課前預(yù)習(xí)： 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞who, whom, whose, which和that等；關(guān)系副詞有when, where, why等。關(guān)系詞不僅起連接作用，而且還代表先行詞并在定語從句中擔(dān)任某一句子成分，關(guān)系代詞作主語、賓語、定語、表語等，關(guān)系副詞作狀語。 定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)： 先行詞__ +_______ +________ 先行詞是人或物, 在句中充當(dāng)_____, _____,____,_____等成分用關(guān)系代詞 I.先行詞是人,在從句中作主語和賓語用關(guān)系代詞_______, _______，_______。 who, whom，that的區(qū)別： 1 介詞后只能用_______ ，不能用_______ _______。 2 先行詞為代詞，或逗號后不用_______。 3 主句是特殊疑問句，已經(jīng)有who，則從句引導(dǎo)詞用_______。 II.先行詞是事或物, 在從句中作主語、賓語，用關(guān)系代詞_______, _______。 that, which,的區(qū)別: 1. 只用which: ______后, _______后。 2. 只用that： 先行詞是或被指物的不定代詞修飾，常用的不定代詞有：______, ______, ______, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____ ______, ______,______, ______, ______等 先行詞特指，為the +_____(包括last, next)/ _______/ ______/ _____等修飾時(shí) 先行詞有____又有_____ 先行詞在從句中作____語 主句是___或___開頭的特殊疑問句。 3. 不用that引導(dǎo) 在__________定語從句中， 直接在_____后作賓語時(shí)，不能用that引導(dǎo)，要用whom, whose或which，且不能省略。但當(dāng)介詞放在從句的末尾時(shí)，可以用______替代which, ______替代whom，也可以省略關(guān)系代詞。 當(dāng)先行詞是指人的all, any, few, one(s), anyone, everyone,people 等時(shí)，多用______。 當(dāng)先行詞與關(guān)系代詞之間有較復(fù)雜的短語或從句隔開時(shí) 定語從句中，those who相當(dāng)于意為“凡……的人”，表示的是兩者以上的不定數(shù)量，who引導(dǎo)的定語從句用復(fù)數(shù)，不能用that代替。（注意：anybody who, he who中謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 III. 先行詞是事或物, 在從句中只用作定語，表示“…的”, 后加名詞, 用關(guān)系代詞_______。 指物 = the +名詞 +_______, 指人= the +名詞+_______。 IV. 關(guān)系代詞whom, which前介詞的選擇看主句中的習(xí)慣搭配或從句中動(dòng)詞的搭配而決定，但從句中含有介詞的短語動(dòng)詞一般_____(拆開,不拆開)，介詞仍放在動(dòng)詞的后面。 V. 定語從句常犯的問題 引導(dǎo)詞用錯(cuò). 如：The book which cover is green was lost yesterday.(應(yīng)改為______) 語序用錯(cuò). 如：Is there anything else that can I do for you? (應(yīng)改為______) 無先行詞　如：Is this museum _____ you visited last Saturday? (應(yīng)該填________ ) Is this the museum ______ we visited last Saturday? (應(yīng)該填________ ) 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)沒有和____保持一致，如： Tom is the only one of the boys who _____(like) playing football. (應(yīng)該填________ ) 引導(dǎo)詞代替的成分在從句中又出現(xiàn)。如： Do you know the boy whom / who / that I talked with him just now? (應(yīng)改為______) 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 定語從句練習(xí) I. 用所給的關(guān)系代詞which, that, who, whom, whose.完成以下從句： 1. The force __________ causes everything to fall towards the ground is called gravity. 2. A friend __________ helps you in time of need is a friend indeed. 3. He saw a house __________ windows were all broken. 4. Everything __________ can be done today mustn’t be done tomorrow. 5. This is the best hotel __________ I know. 6. The boy with ______ John spoke is my brother.. 7. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows，most of ____________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. 8. He talked a lot about the teachers and the schools __________ he had visited. 9. The ninth lesson __________ we are learning is the most difficult in Book One. 10. Will you please lend me the very book ______ you bought yesterday? 11. Mount Blanc(勃朗峰), __________ they visited last month, is the highest mountain in Europe. 12. The house in __________ Lu Xun once lived is a museum now. 13. The house __________ Lu Xun once lived is a museum now. 14. The house __________ Lu Xun once lived in is a museum now. 15. This is the museum _____ we visited last Saturday. 16. Is this museum the one ______ you visited last Saturday? 17. The boy _______ puter doesn’t work well needs your help. 18. This is the best movie _______ we have seen this year. 19. The passengers and the suitcases _______ were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane. 20. Who is the girl _______ you want to make friends with? II. 把下列句子改寫成定語從句。（提示：主從句的選擇：主句多為：1表狀態(tài)，2 表結(jié)果3 時(shí)間較后；從句多為：1 表動(dòng)作 2 表原因 3時(shí)間靠前） 1. I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music. _____________________________________________ 2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I gave it to her. _____________________________________________ 3. The student’s article was published. I know the student. _____________________________________________ 4. Betty is studying English very well. She has never been abroad. _____________________________________________ 5. My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 100 years old. _____________________________________________ 6. The pter is too slow. I bought the puter four years ago. _____________________________________________ 7. The man created the famous university. The man never finished college. _____________________________________________ 8. I have ever seen the film and it is the most interesting film. _____________________________________________ 9. They talked about the people and the things, and they remembered them in old days. _____________________________________________ 10. The man laughed at you just now. Who is the man? _____________________________________________ III．單句改錯(cuò) 1. Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them e from Class Two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. Who are the young girls who are having dinner in the restaurant? 4. She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths. 5. Tom is the only one of the boys who like playing football. 6. Who is the girl that you talked to her just now? 7. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 8. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick 9. She says she still remembers the things and the persons whom I told him last year. 10. I don’t like the way which you speak to her. 11. This is the factory where we visited last week. 12. This is the watch for which Tom is looking. 13. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two. 14. The house in that we live is very small. 15. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow. 16. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library. 17. This is the best film which I have ever seen. 18. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country. 19. Everything which we saw was of great interest. 20. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died. 反饋檢測 挑戰(zhàn)一下歷屆高考試題中的定語從句： 1. You can find whatever you need at the shopping center _________ is always busy at the weekend. （ 06上海春季 ） A. that B. where C. what D. which 2. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction__________she had e. （ 06重慶 ） A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which 3. In an hour, we can travel to places _____ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. （ 06上海 ） A. where B. when C. which D. what 4. Look out ! Don t get too close to the house ________ roof is under repair. （06福建） A. whose B. which C. of which D. that 5. Her sister has bee a lawyer, ________ she wanted to be. ( 05 湖北 ) A. who B. that C. what D. which 6. Do you still remember the chicken farm ________ we visited three months ago? ( xx 北京春季) A. where B. when C. that D. what 7. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. ( 04 江蘇 ) A. Which B. When C. What D. As 8. The famous basketball star, _____________ tried to make a eback, attracted a lot of attention. (xx春季) A. where B. when C. which D. who 9. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____________ was very reasonable. ( Sxx) A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 10. ________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (xx) A.It B. As C. That D. What 11. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control. (08湖南卷） A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that 12. The man pulled out a gold watch, _________ were made of small diamonds. （08陜西卷） A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which 13. The Science Museum, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. （08江蘇卷） A. which B. what C. that D. where 14. Is this factory _____ we visited last year? A. where B. in which C. the one D. at which 15. It is known to everybody ____ the moon travels around the earth once every month. (NMETxx) A.it B. that C. as D. what 第3課時(shí) 課前預(yù)習(xí)： 先行詞+引導(dǎo)詞+從句; 主語、賓語、表語、定語 I. who, whom, that. 1. whom, who, that. 2. that . 3. that II.. that, which ,whose. 1.介詞后,逗號后 2. all, some, any, no, little, much, few, , anything, everything, nothing, none, the one the +序數(shù)詞、最高級形容詞, the only, the very 有人又有物 表語 who或which 3. 非限制性, 介詞, that，who, who III. whose ; of which; of whom IV. 不拆開 V. whose I can the one; that/which/不填 先行詞, likes him刪去 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 I.1. which/that 2. who/that 3. whose 4. that 5. that 6. whom 7. which 8. that 9. that 10. that 11. which 12. which 13. in which/ where 14. which/that 15. that/ which 16. that/不填 17. whose 18. that / 不填 19. that 20. that / 不填 II. 1. I have a friend who likes listening to classical music. 2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that/ which I gave her. 3. I know the student whose article was published. 4. Betty, who has never been abroad, is studying English very well. 5. My grandparents live in a house which is more than 100 years old. 6. The puter which that I bought four years ago is too slow. 7. The man who/that created the famous university never finished college. 8. It is the most beautiful film that I have ever seen. 9. They talked about the people and the things that they remembered in old days. 10. Who is the man that laughed at you just now? III．1. that→whom 2. which →whose 3. who→that 4. 第二個(gè)is改為are 5. like→likes 6. 去掉her 7. 去掉it 8. that→who 9. whom→that 10. which→ in which/that/去掉which 11. where→ that/which或去掉where 12 把for放在looking之后 13 who→whom 14 that→which 15 that→which 16 which→ that或去掉which 17 which→that或去掉which 18 who→that 19 which→that或去掉which 20 that→which 反饋檢測 歷屆高考試題中的定語從句：1-5 DDCAD 6-10 CDDBB 11-15 BDACB