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2019年高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars課時(shí)作業(yè) 新人教版必修3 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 [xx四川綿陽(yáng)診斷] Even after his death，Mitchell Whisenhunt has found a way to surprise and bring fort to his wife and young daughter，with some letters designated to be opened on certain dates. Mitchell lost his battle with Marfan syndrome(馬方綜合征) at 26.The rare genetic disorder affects the bodys connective tissue，which is used to hold together organs，cells and tissue. Ashley Whisenhunt,22，cared for her husband until his death but said she was astonished when she discovered the 30 letters he left for her，their 18monthold daughter Brynleigh and the munity. The little girl will grow up with a letter every year from her second to 18th birthday from a man she didnt get to spend much time with but who left no doubt that he loved her unconditionally. “Through his testimony，there is so much she is going to learn，” Ashley told ABC News. One letter was also addressed to their Longview，Texas，munity，thanking them for their support. “It just blows my mind，” Ashley said of her husbands secret gesture.“He thought about everybody else instead of himself.” Ashley said she would respect her husbands wishes and open each letter as he planned，however，there was one special surprise left for her that she said hit her the hardest. In a spiral notebook that Ashley used before she dropped out of college to care for her husband，he wrote a letter to her asking that she publish a book of poetry he had written. Mitchell Whisenhunt even planned his own funeral，and the funeral director said he couldnt tell Ashley because it was Mitchells plan and secret.Ashley said she couldnt help but wonder what other surprises her husband had in store.“There are ones we still dont know about，” she said. 1．How many letters will Ashley Whisenhunt receive from her husband? A．30. B．22. C．12. D．13. 2．The underlined word “ones” in the last paragraph refers to ________. A．books B．poems C．notebooks D．surprises 3．Whats the best title for the passage? A．Love from Heaven B．Fight Against Diseases C．Respect for Father D．Secrets in Store 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]本文講述了Mitchell在患馬方綜合征死后，仍給他的妻子和女兒以驚喜和安慰。他生前給她們寫(xiě)了一些信，并且指定在特定的日子打開(kāi)。 1．C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“she discovered the 30 letters he left for her，their 18monthold daughter Brynleigh and the munity”和第四段的“The little girl will grow up with a letter every year from her second to 18th birthday”以及第六段的“One letter was also addressed to their Longview，Texas，munity”可知，他一共寫(xiě)了30封信，其中給女兒17封，社區(qū)l封，故給妻子應(yīng)是12封，選C項(xiàng)。 2．D　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文的“Ashley said she couldnt help but wonder what other surprises her husband had in store.”可知，她禁不住想知道丈夫還有什么其他的驚喜，故ones應(yīng)表示驚喜，選D項(xiàng)。 3．A　解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，Mitchell在他死后用信的方式給家人以安慰，所以選A項(xiàng)“來(lái)自天堂的愛(ài)”。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [xx河南鄭州預(yù)測(cè)] I always walk to my husbands office after work，wait for him and then we drive home together every day. One day，while I was waiting for him，a beautiful Cadillac (凱迪拉克轎車) __1__near me.I was busy __2__the car when I noticed the driver.__3__，she was probably the most __4__woman I had ever seen outside of a movie screen.Her eyes were as blue as the sea，and she had teeth like pearls.Minutes later，a man walked over and they drove off.Sitting there，dressed in jeans and a Tshirt，I wanted to__5__.“Why is it so__6__that some people have it all？” I thought. The next week I saw her again，and after that it almost became my__7__to see her.I would __8__if she and her husband ate out a lot and where they went.I wanted her to get out of the car so that I could see her in__9__length. A few weeks later，this question was __10__for me.I was waiting at my usual spot and the ladys husband came over to their car.He opened the door.The pretty woman __11__walked around to the passenger side—leaning on a walking cane.She __12__one leg with her hands and then the other.She had an artificial limb(假肢) on her left leg and a brace on her right one. As they drove away，I began to cry.When my husband arrived，I told him about what had __13__.He said that he knew her husband and that，when the lady was twelve years old，she had been __14__in a car that got stuck on the railroad tracks.Unfortunately，both her parents were killed.The rail pany made a large __15__with her because the crossing had no __16__.Thats __17__she owns such a nice car now. For weeks I have __18__this woman and her way of life，but now I realize how__19__I am.When you meet a person who seems to be much better off than you，dont be fooled by__20__. 1．A.drove in B．pulled up C．sped by D．turned away 2．A.cleaning B．taking C．expecting D．a(chǎn)dmiring 3．A.Honestly B．Sincerely C．Surprisingly D．Obviously 4．A.peaceful B．typical C．beautiful D．patient 5．A.cry B．a(chǎn)rgue C．escape D．a(chǎn)sk 6．A.unbearable B．unusual C．unfair D．unbelievable 7．A.chance B．wonder C．regret D．routine 8．A.imagine B．wonder C．guess D．doubt 9．A.great B．equal C．full D．standard 10．A.raised B．a(chǎn)nswered C．presented D．checked 11．A.slowly B．firmly C．quickly D．hurriedly 12．A.bent B．spread C．crossed D．lifted 13．A.changed B．happened C．passed D．hidden 14．A.discovered B．protected C．left D．trapped 15．A.settlement B．exchange C．promise D．a(chǎn)rrangement 16．A.stops B．notices C．signals D．lights 17．A.why B．when C．because D．where 18．A.respected B．observed C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．envied 19．A.boring B．mature C．lucky D．confident 20．A.collections B．a(chǎn)ppearances C．backgrounds D．descriptions 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]“我”在等丈夫一起開(kāi)車回家時(shí)，看到了一位開(kāi)著豪車的漂亮女士，“我”非常忌妒她。后來(lái)得知，這位女士在十二歲時(shí)遭遇車禍，失去雙親，自己也因此殘疾，鐵路公司賠償了她大筆安置費(fèi)?！拔摇辈乓庾R(shí)到自己是多么幸運(yùn)。 1．B　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“a beautiful Cadillac(凱迪拉克轎車)__1__ near me”可以判斷，一輛凱迪拉克轎車停在“我”身旁。pull up “停車”，符合語(yǔ)境。drive in “駛進(jìn)”，speed by “飛逝”，turn away “拒絕”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 2．D　解析：根據(jù)上句中的“a beautiful Cadillac(凱迪拉克轎車)”，可知，“我”忙于欣賞此車。admire “欣賞”，符合語(yǔ)境。clean “清理”，take “拿”，expect “預(yù)期”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 3．A　解析：根據(jù)下句“Her eyes were as blue as the sea，and she had teeth like pearls”可知，這位女駕駛員明眸皓齒；據(jù)此可以判斷，的確她可能是“我”看到的電影銀幕外最美的女子。honestly “真的，的確”，符合語(yǔ)境。sincerely “真誠(chéng)地”，surprisingly “驚人地”，obviously “顯然”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 4．C　解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。beautiful “漂亮的”，符合語(yǔ)境。peaceful “和平的”，typical “典型的”，patient “有耐心的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 5．A　解析：根據(jù)下句中的“Why is it so__6__that some people have it all”可知，“我”羨慕這位駕駛凱迪拉克轎車的女士；結(jié)合該句中的“dressed in jeans and a Tshirt”可以判斷，“我”衣著平常，“我”想哭。cry “哭泣”，符合語(yǔ)境。argue “爭(zhēng)論”，escape “逃離”，ask “詢問(wèn)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 6．C　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“我”衣著平常，而那位駕駛凱迪拉克轎車的女士則明眸皓齒。據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”感到不公平。unfair “不公平的”，符合語(yǔ)境。unbearable “無(wú)法忍受的”，unusual “不平常的”，unbelievable “難以相信的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 7．D　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“The next week I saw her again”可知，第二周“我”又見(jiàn)到了她；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”時(shí)常見(jiàn)到她，routine “常規(guī)”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確；chance “機(jī)會(huì)”，wonder “奇跡”，regret “遺憾”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 8．B　解析：根據(jù)該句中的if從句可以判斷，“我”想知道她和她的丈夫是否經(jīng)常在外面吃飯并且去哪里吃。wonder “想知道”，符合語(yǔ)境。imagine “想象”，guess “猜測(cè)”，doubt “懷疑”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 9．C　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“l(fā)ength”表達(dá)的語(yǔ)境可以判斷，“我”想要她走出轎車，看看她的整個(gè)身高。full “完全的”，符合語(yǔ)境。great “偉大的”，equal “等同的”，standard “標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 10．B　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“question”可知，“我”有了這一問(wèn)題的答案。answer “回答”，符合語(yǔ)境。raise “舉起”，present “展現(xiàn)”，check “檢查”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 11．A　解析：根據(jù)該段最后一句“She had an artificial limb(假肢)on her left leg and a brace on her right one”可知，她裝著假肢；據(jù)此可以判斷，她行走緩慢。slowly “緩慢地”，符合語(yǔ)境。firmly “堅(jiān)定地”，quickly “快速地”，hurriedly “匆忙地”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 12．D　解析：根據(jù)下句“She had an artificial limb(假肢)on her left leg and a brace on her right one”可知，她裝著假肢；據(jù)此可以判斷，她用雙手抬起腿。lift “抬起”，符合語(yǔ)境。bend “彎曲”，spread “傳播”，cross “穿過(guò)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 13．B　解析：根據(jù)前文對(duì)“我”所看到的事實(shí)的描述可以判斷，當(dāng)“我”的丈夫到來(lái)時(shí)，“我”將所發(fā)生的事情告訴了他。happen “發(fā)生”，符合語(yǔ)境。change “改變”，pass “經(jīng)過(guò)”，hide “掩藏”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 14．D　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“in a car that got stuck on the railroad tracks”可以判斷，在這位女士十二歲的那一年，她被困在一輛陷入鐵軌的轎車?yán)铩rap “困住”，符合語(yǔ)境。discover “發(fā)現(xiàn)”，protect “保護(hù)”，leave “離開(kāi)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 15．A　解析：根據(jù)上句的“both her parents were killed”可知，在事故中，她的父母雙亡；據(jù)此可以判斷，鐵路公司給她一大筆安置費(fèi)。settlement “(解決紛爭(zhēng)的)協(xié)議”，符合語(yǔ)境。exchange “交換”，promise “承諾”，arrangement “安排”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 16．C　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，鐵道交叉處沒(méi)有信號(hào)燈導(dǎo)致了事故的發(fā)生。signal “指示燈，信號(hào)燈”，符合語(yǔ)境。stop “車站”，notice “布告”，light “燈”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 17．A　解析：那就是為什么(why)她現(xiàn)在擁有一輛如此漂亮的車。 18．D　解析：根據(jù)第二段可知，“我”所見(jiàn)到的這位女士開(kāi)著豪車并且長(zhǎng)得漂亮，而“我”則衣著平平，據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”忌妒她。envy “忌妒”，符合語(yǔ)境。respect “尊敬”，observe “觀察”，accept “接受”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 19．C　解析：根據(jù)前文可知，這位女士在事故中失去雙親，也因此殘疾，據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”意識(shí)到自己是多么的幸運(yùn)。lucky “幸運(yùn)的”，符合語(yǔ)境。boring “厭煩的”，mature “成熟的”，confident “自信的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 20．B　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，當(dāng)你遇到一位看起來(lái)比你好得多的人時(shí)，不要被其外表欺騙。appearance “外表”，符合語(yǔ)境。collection “收集物”，background “背景”，description “描述”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 [xx河南八市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)質(zhì)檢] Styrofoam is plastic 1.________a bad reputation. It cannot be recycled without releasing (釋放) dangerous pollutants into the air.The U．S.Environmental Protection Agency 2.________(say) it is the fifth largest creator of dangerous waste. Scientists from the U．S.and China have discovered that mealworms can digest plastic.One mealworm can digest a pillsized amount of plastic a day. Study coauthor says that in 24 hours，the plastic 3.________(turn) into carbon dioxide. Are the worms hurt by 4.________(eat) plastic？The study found that worms eating Styrofoam were as 5.________(health) as worms eating bran(糠)． Styrofoam is a lightweight material，about 95 percent air，with very good insulation properties (絕緣性)，according to Earthsource.org.It is used in products from 6.________(cup) that keep your drinks hot or cold to packaging materials 7.________protect items during shipping. “Solving 8.________problem of plastic pollution is important.Landfill space is being limited，” says Wu，a Stanford University environmental engineering instructor. About 33 million tons of plastic are thrown away in the United States every year.Plastic plates，cups and containers take 9.________25 percent to 30 percent of space in Americas landfills.One Styrofoam cup takes more than 1 million years 10.________(recycle) in a landfill，according to Cleveland State University. 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了中美科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)大黃粉蟲(chóng)的幼蟲(chóng)能消化塑料垃圾。 1．with　解析：考查介詞。with a bad reputation表示“有壞名聲”。 2．says　解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。文章時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主，且主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞，故填says。 3．is turned　解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語(yǔ)the plastic為不可數(shù)名詞，與turn之間構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且該句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is turned。 4．eating　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞by后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填eating。 5．healthy　解析：考查形容詞。系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，故填healthy。 6．cups　解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為keep，故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)名詞cups。 7．that/which　解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少主語(yǔ)且指代物，故填that或which。 8．the　解析：考查冠詞。因problem后有of plastic pollution作后置定語(yǔ)，表示特指，故填the。 9．up　解析：考查固定搭配。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“占據(jù)(take up)”，故填up。 10．to recycle　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“sth./sb. takes some time to do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填to recycle。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) Dear Tom， Were so glad youre ing to join us on Saturday.Here is what you can find us.Well have our picnic in the Peoples Park.You know where that is，isnt you？After you entered the park by the main gate，walk straightly on till you e to a stream.Cross the stream and turning right.After walking in a while youll e to a hill.Walk around to other side of the hill.There youll see a lake.Well have our picnic here in the small wood by the lake.Im sure that youll have no trouble finding us.Look forward to you arrival. Yours， Li Hua