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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解（2） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項中，選出最佳選項。 　　Even plant can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3, 000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared （紅外線）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide （殺蟲劑）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest （害蟲）problems. 　　Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services pany could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3, 000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running“fevers”. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would. 　　The bad news is that Paley’s pany closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long - term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States, ” says George Oerther of Texas A & M. Ray Jackson , who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only ff Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago. 16．Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are______________. A. sprayed with pesticides　　 B. facing an infrared scanner C. in poor physical condition　　 D. exposed to excessive sun rays 17．In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to____________. A. estimate the damage to the crops　　 B. measure the size of the affected area C. draw a color-coded map　　 D. locate the problem area 18．Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by______________. A. resorting to spot-spraying　　 B. consulting infrared scanning experts C. transforming poisoned rain　　 D. detecting crop problems at an early stage 19．The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties _______________. A. the lack of official support　　 B. its high cost C. the lack of financial support　 D. its failure to help increase production 20．Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of_____________. 　　A. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce 　　B. growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops 　　C. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture 　　D. full support from agricultural experts [全解全析] 41—45 CDACB 本篇是一篇說明文，主要介紹了將原用于軍事和衛(wèi)星的紅外線掃描技術(shù)運用于農(nóng)業(yè)的前景，人們?yōu)榇怂龀龅呐坝龅降睦щy。 16．C。細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第二自然段第2行“．．．a(chǎn)n infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops．The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running‘fevers’”，說明植物在發(fā)“高燒”，也就是說，“身體狀況”不佳時才會散發(fā)熱，所以選項C符合題意。 17．D。推理判斷題。本題要求判斷使用紅外線掃描技術(shù)的目的。依據(jù)文章第二自然段第4行“．．．showing where plants were running ‘fevers’．Farmers could then spot spray，．．．”說明目的是確定有問題的區(qū)域，以使農(nóng)民有針對性地噴殺蟲劑。顯然，選項D（確定有問題的地域）為最佳選項。 18．A。細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第二自然段最后一句“Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would”（采取點噴，農(nóng)民們可以節(jié)省平時用量的50％至70％的殺蟲劑），選項A符合題意。 19．C。推理判斷題。依據(jù)文章第三自然段的第1句“The bad news is that Palely’s pany closed down in 1984，　after only three years．Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find”，從中可以看出紅外線掃描技術(shù)應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)遇到了一些問題，原因有兩個：一是農(nóng)民對新技術(shù)的抵制，二是難以找到長期贊助商。文章中還有一處明顯的提示出現(xiàn)在最后一句：“But only if Palely finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago”．從該句提供的信息同樣可以反推出10年前的情形，所以選項C正確。 20．B。細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三自然段第2行“But with the renewed concern about pesticide on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning，Palely hopes to get back into operation”，可知B項（出于對殺蟲劑過度使用的擔(dān)心）符合題意。 閱讀理解。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner. Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Svign in Paris. Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using Xray facilities(設(shè)備) to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.Irene continued the work by developing Xray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military Medal by the French government. In 1918, Irene became her mothers assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later. Like her mother, Irene bined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity(輻射能). Irene JoliotCurie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956. 本文是一篇人物介紹。介紹居里夫人大女兒Irene Curie的一生。 1．Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal? A．Because she received a degree in mathematics. B．Because she contributed to saving the wounded. C．Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic. D．Because she worked as a helper to her mother. 答案：B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知，第一次世界大戰(zhàn)開始后，Irene幫助母親救助傷員，法國政府以軍功章的形式表示對她的貢獻的認(rèn)可。所以選擇B項。 2．Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot? A．At the Curie Institute. B．At the University of Paris. C．At a military hospital. D．At the College of Svign. 答案：A。推理判斷題。文章第四段說：在1918年，Irene在居里夫人研究院成為母親的助手，1924年12月Frederic Joliot加入了該研究院，Irene教給他該項工作要求的技術(shù)，不久他們相愛了并于1926年結(jié)婚，由此可推斷出C項正確。 3．When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born? A．In 1932. B．In 1927. C．In 1897. D．In 1926. 答案：A。細節(jié)理解題。第四段最后一句表明：他們第一個孩子于1927年出生，5年后(1932年)第二個孩子出生，所以A項正確。 4．In which of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her mother? A．Irene worked with radioactivity. B．Irene bined family and career. C．Irene won the Nobel Prize once. D．Irene died from leukemia. 答案：C。推理判斷題?？v觀全文可知，Irene在“與放射性物質(zhì)打交道/把家庭與事業(yè)相結(jié)合/死于leukemia”這三方面與母親相同，不同的是Irene獲得一次諾貝爾獎，母親兩次。 閱讀理解。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depresant (抑制藥)，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination (協(xié)調(diào))，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.Even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected. Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee. The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is： ●50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood；or ●22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath；or ●67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of uriue (尿液)． Drivers who cause traffic accidents，or who mit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested. Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 drivingoffence points；or temporarily banned from driving. The same punishment applies to failing to provide speeimens(樣本) for breath，blood or urine tests without good excuse. Drink driving is a criminal offence.Be a responsible driver，think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users，never drive after consuming alcohol. 本文主要講述酒后駕車的危害，對酒駕的懲罰等，呼吁人們?yōu)榱俗陨砗退说慕】担欢ú灰坪篑{車。 1．The first paragraph is mainly about______. A．the introductions of driving skills B．the damage of drinking to your body C．the effect of drinking on driving D．the process of alcohol being absorbed 答案：C。主旨大意題。由第一段的“it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.”可知，本段主要講述酒后駕車的影響，故C項正確。 2．The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”． A．a(chǎn)lcohol B．a(chǎn)bsorption C．blood D．process 答案：D。詞義猜測題。由前半句“To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process”，可知，后半句表示“采取像淋浴或者是喝杯茶，咖啡等的措施來加速這個過程是不可能的”故it指代process，D項正確。 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving. B．Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice. C．Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body. D．50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit. 答案：B。細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice”可知B項正確。 4．A driver suspected of drink driving______. A．should provide specimens for testing B．will be forbidden to drive for 3 years C．will be punished for 10 drivingoffence points D．should pay a maximum fine of HK$25,000 答案：A。細節(jié)理解題。由文章信息“Drivers who cause traffic accidents ，or who mit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested”可知A項正確。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項中，選出最佳選項。 A couple of years ago, before a trip to China, Nicole Davis and her US women’s volleyball teammates were warned about the prominence (顯著、突出) of coach “Jenny” Lang Ping in her native country. “I was pushed over by Chinese journalists while I was just trying to put my luggage on the bus,” said Davis. Known as the “Iron Hammer” for her punishing spikes(扣球),Lang made it possible for China to dominate in the sport in the early 1980s. She was a key player on China’s 1984 Olympic gold medal winning team. When the US team arrived for the Olympics, Lang, 48, who is from Beijing, had to take a different route to avoid a crowd of reporters and fans. Then came the greatest moment to Lang：While the US team was playing in a packed gym, at least 8,000 Chinese fans unfurled an American flag. “That really says it all,” Davis said. “They look at her as an icon(偶像)．I’m sure it’s hard for them to see her coaching another country, but they love her so ly that her success is their success.” The loyalty of the Chinese fans was tested on Friday, when China lost a match to the US. “It’s a pity that China lost the match, but I’m still glad that Lang Ping’s team won, since she is the pride of China’s volleyball,” said Liu Chengli, a spectator. “We also cheered for Lang’s victory.” Lang said she just tried to stay professional when the two teams meet. “It doesn’t matter if we play China or any other team. It’s the same.” Lang said. Davis said she and her teammates could not have imagined the passion for volleyball among Chinese because the sport was lack of popularity in the US. The reception from Chinese fans has touched the US players, said US volleyball player Lindsey Berg. “It’s such an honor to be here and play for our coach here in China,” she said. “The amount of support that the Chinese give to her and us has been tremendous. The whole event has been unbelievable.” 1．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Staying professional. B．Cheering for the Iron Hammer. C．A match between China and the US. D．Lang Ping’s career as a coach. 2．Lang Ping avoided meeting the reporters and fans probably because she ________. A．was afraid to be questioned about her strategy B．didn’t want to be paid much attention to C．disliked to be with her fans D．didn’t want to disturb public order 3．What does the underlined word “unfurled” exactly mean? A．destroyed pletely B．tore into pieces C．spread out to the wind D．rolled up 4．What does Lang Ping mean by saying “It doesn’t matter if we play China or any other team.”？ A．American Volleyball Team will beat any team. B．Chinese Volleyball Team is the same as other teams. C．She just tried to stay professional. D．The results of each match will be the same. 5．What impressed the US team players most? A．The tolerance of Chinese people. B．The popularity of volleyball in China. C．Lang Ping’s coaching skills. D．The loyalty for volleyball of the Chinese. [全解全析] 1．答案　B解析　本篇文章無明顯的主題句,但字里行間都在講述我國著名排球運動員,現(xiàn)美國女排主教練郎平帶隊到中國參加奧運會并受到了人們的熱烈歡迎,故應(yīng)選B；而D項意為“郎平的教練生涯”,顯然不合題意。但多數(shù)學(xué)生誤選此項,是由于只注意到了局部信息,犯了以偏賅全的錯誤,而沒有真正理解文章主旨。 2．答案　B解析　推理判斷題。從文章第四段的內(nèi)容可以推斷出朗平希望不要太被關(guān)注。3．答案　C解析　詞義猜測題。由文章第五段和第六段可以知道,這里的中國球迷應(yīng)該是“打開、展開”了一面美國國旗,所以選C項。 4．答案　C解析　推理判斷題。從文章內(nèi)容可以知道,朗平認(rèn)為不論是對陣中國隊還是其他隊,對她來說,這僅僅是一場比賽而已。由此推斷選C項。 5．答案　B解析　細節(jié)理解題。從文章倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可以知道,排球在中國非常受歡迎,所以選B項。