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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復習 第一部分 基礎知識聚焦 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero習題 新人教版必修1 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 Guide Dogs of America, A History is the book that we have all been waiting for. Its a book that tells how and where the guide dog movement really started, with information never before revealed—until now. After reading this 200page, picturefilled work, you will know about every aspect of Guide Dogs of America (GDA) from its beginning to how it has bee one of the top guide dog schools in the country. Joseph W. Jones, Sr. was refused a guide dog because of his age—he was fiftyseven—but he would not accept defeat. He researched the guide dog movement and with the help of the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, established his own school, one that would provide guide dogs free of charge to visually impaired people regardless of their age. The school graduated 18 guide dog teams the first year with students staying at, GDAs first trainer, Lambert Kreimers house on South Virginia Avenue in Burbank, and Jones manning the office on Lankershim Boulevard in North Hollywood. In 1952, Jones addressed the quadrennial(四周年紀念的) IAM Grand Lodge Convention in Kansas City, Missouri. “I sincerely prayed to God for two things，” Jones said. “After my wife passed away and left me with a tenyearold boy, I prayed that I would be spared long enough to see this organization well established and that my tenyearold boy would bee a man. Both prayers have been answered. The organization is well established, it is in the hands of the IAM and my boy is a man, and I am proud to say that today he is a member of the IAM.” Jones prayer for a successful organization had been answered and now, ten years after he was rejected for being too old, his dream of having a guide dog partner would be realized. By the time he took a guide dog for himself, hundreds of others had already been given the gift of sight because of his drive and determination. That school, now known as Guide Dogs of America, has provided guide dogs to thousands of people free of charge. 文章大意：在美國，有位名叫Joseph W．Jones，Sr.的老人，由于年齡過大，他沒有實現(xiàn)得到一個導盲犬的愿望，但他不甘心，自己創(chuàng)辦了一所專門培訓導盲犬的學校，免費提供導盲犬給需要幫助的人。 1．What can we know about Guide Dogs of America, A history? A．It only tells us where the guide dog movement started. B．There are no pictures in the book. C．It mainly deals with Guide Dogs of America. D．It was written by Lambert Kreimer. 答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“After reading this 200page, picturefilled work, you will know about every aspect of Guide Dogs of America (GDA) from its beginning to how it has bee one of the top guide dog schools in the country”可知C項正確。 2．Why did Joseph W．Jones, Sr. fail to get a guide dog? A．He couldnt afford to buy one. B．He was too old to get one. C．There were not enough guide dogs. D．He didnt know how to make use of a guide dog. 答案：B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Joseph W．Jones, Sr. was refused a guide dog because of his age—he was fiftyseven”和最后一段中的“he was rejected for being too old”可知B項正確。他被拒絕的原因是年齡過大。 3．According to the passage, Guide Dogs of America ________. A．trained 18 guide dog teams in 1952 B．received much help from the guide dog movement C．has provided guide dogs to thousands of affordable people D．has Lambert Kreimer as its first trainer 答案：D　考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“The school graduated 18 guide dog teams the first year with students staying at, GDAs first trainer, Lambert Kreimers house of South Virginia Avenue in Burbank”可知D項與文章敘述相符。 4．The underlined sentence in the passage means “________”． A．I prayed I could live long enough to set up a school to train guide dogs B．I prayed I could have enough money to establish an organization C．I prayed I could have a guide dog to help me realize my dream D．I prayed I could have good health in the rest of my life 答案：A　句意理解題。結合全文可知，他年齡很大，但又希望實現(xiàn)自己建立一個導盲犬學校的愿望，畫線句可以理解為“希望自己多活幾年，實現(xiàn)自己的夢想”。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (xx山西考前質監(jiān)) “What do you think of the extraordinary achievements of your life？” Queen Victoria of Britain asked Helen Keller. “You are __1__ and deaf, but how can you make such great achievements？” Ms. Kellers answer was the __2__ for her teacher, “If there were no Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would not be known.” When Anne was little, she suffered a great __3__. A fever made her nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood, and she was diagnosed as a hopeless “l(fā)unatic”(瘋子) by the doctor. She was locked in the basement of a mental hospital in Boston. Sometimes, little Anne __4__ attacked anyone who approached her. She __5__ everyone who appeared in front of her most of the time. __6__， an old nurse believed that little Anne had hope and asked to __7__ the task of looking after the girl. She went to see little Anne every day. The child ignored her most of the time, but the old nurse didnt __8__ seeing her every day in the basement. The kindhearted lady left cookies to little Anne and spoke words full of love and __9__ to her. She believed that __10__ she showed love, little Anne would be able to __11__. Finally, the doctor __12__ changes in little Anne. Anne, who was always full of anger and hostility, showed __13__ and goodwill she had never had before. They transferred her upstairs and her __14__ continued improving. Then the last day came, and she __15__ the mental hospital. After she grew up, Anne Sullivan hoped to help __16__， just as the kind old nurse helped her. She saw great __17__ in Helen Keller. She cared for her, __18__ her strictly, encouraged her, played with her and worked with her. Anne Sullivan __19__ a miracle(奇跡) in the life of Helen Keller. But first it was a kind nurse who had full __20__ in little Anne that turned a silent child into a kind teacher. 文章大意：本文主要介紹了Anne Sullivan的成長經歷，以及Helen取得巨大成就的原因。 1．A.weak B．lame C．thin D．blind 答案：D　你失明(blind)又失聰，但是你是如何取得那么大的成就的？weak“虛弱的”； lame“跛的”；thin“瘦的”。故D項正確。 2.A.prize B．praise C．courage D．mood 答案：B　Keller女士的回答是對她老師的贊美(praise)。prize“獎勵”；courage“勇氣”；mood“情緒”。故B項正確。 3．A.storm B．accident C．disaster D．harm 答案：C　在Anne小的時候，她遭受了一次很大的災難(disaster)。storm“暴風雨”；accident“(交通)事故”；harm“傷害，損害”。根據(jù)此空后的“A fever made her nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood”可知，C項正確。 4．A.fiercely B．silently C．obviously D．exactly 答案：A　有時，小Anne猛烈地(fiercely)攻擊靠近她的任何人。silently“默默地”；obviously“明顯地”；exactly“精確地”。故A項正確。 5．A.weled B．ignored C．cheered D．changed 答案：B　大多數(shù)時間，她忽視(ignored)出現(xiàn)在她面前的每一個人。wele“歡迎”；cheer“歡呼”；change“改變”。故B項正確。 6．A.Besides B．Thus C．Moreover D．However 答案：D　然而(However)，一位年長的護士認為小Anne還有希望并且要求承擔(take on)照顧這個女孩的任務。besides“除……之外(還)”；thus“因此”；moreover“而且”。故D項正確。 7．A.take on B．look on C．go on D．turn on 答案：A　參見上題解析。look on“旁觀”；go on“持續(xù)”；turn on“打開”。故A項正確。 8．A.consider B．stop C．permit D．continue 答案：B　但是這位年長的護士沒有停止(stop)每天到地下室看她。consider“仔細考慮，認為”；permit“允許”；continue“繼續(xù)”。故B項正確。 9．A.disappointment B．appreciation C．encouragement D．hate 答案：C　這位善良的女士給小Anne留下些曲奇餅干給她說些充滿愛意和鼓勵(encouragement)的話。disappointment“失望”；appreciation“感激”；hate“仇恨，厭惡”。故C項正確。 10．A.as soon as B．even though C．as if D．so long as 答案：D　她相信只要(so long as)她表現(xiàn)出愛意，小Anne就能夠恢復(recover)。even though“盡管”；as if“好像”；as soon as“一……就……”。so long as引導條件狀語從句，故D項正確。 11．A.grow B．write C．recover D．suit 答案：C　參見上題解析。grow“成長”；write“寫”；suit“適合”。故C項正確。 12．A.approved B．noticed C．proposed D．operated 答案：B　最終，醫(yī)生注意到(noticed)小Anne的一些變化。approve“同意”；propose“建議”；operate“操作”。故B項正確。 13．A.mildness B．sympathy C．calm D．wisdom 答案：A　總是充滿憤怒和敵意的Anne表現(xiàn)出了她以前從未有過的溫和(mildness)和友善。根據(jù)語境可知，前后形成對比，且所填詞與goodwill相近，故A項正確。sympathy“同情”；calm“平靜的時期”；wisdom“智慧”。 14．A.experiment B．belief C．sight D．condition 答案：D　他們把Anne轉移到了樓上。她的健康狀況(condition)在不斷好轉。experiment“實驗”；belief“信仰”；sight“視力”。故D項正確。 15．A.escaped B．finished C．left D．survived 答案：C　她離開(left)了精神病院。escape“逃跑”；finish“完成”；survive“幸存”。故C項正確。 16．A.the others B．another C．other D．others 答案：D　Anne長大以后，她希望像那位善良的年長的護士幫助她一樣幫助其他人(others)。故D項正確。 17．A.potential B．status C．affection D．satisfaction 答案：A　她看到Hellen身上巨大的潛能(potential)。status“地位”；affection“喜愛，鐘愛”；satisfaction“滿意”。故A項正確。 18．Amitted B．trained C．controlled D．raised 答案：B　Anne照顧她，嚴格地訓練(trained)她。mit“承認”；control“控制”；raise“提升，征集，提起”。故B項正確。 19．A.created B．found C．developed D．spread 答案：A　Anne在Helen的人生里創(chuàng)造(created)了一個奇跡。find“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；develop“發(fā)展”；spread“傳播”。故A項正確。 20．A.curiosity B．promise C．confidence D．relief 答案：C　但是首先是一位對小Anne充滿信心(confidence)的善良的護士把一個沉默寡言的孩子變成了一個善良的老師。curiosity“好奇心”，promise“諾言”，relief“解脫，寬慰”，故C項正確。 Ⅲ.語法填空 閱讀下列材料，在空白處填上適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。 (xx南昌一模) Lionel Messi, __1__ player from the South American country Argentina, is one of the greatest soccer players alive today. At a young age, he __2__ (move) to Spain and now plays __3__(profession) for the FC Barcelona. Messi started playing soccer at the age of 5 for a small soccer team __4__(own) by his father. Even as a young boy, he did very well. But when he was 11 years old, he found out he had a sickness which would prevent him from growing much __5__(tall). There was a way to help him grow more, __6__ his parents did not have enough money to pay for his medical needs. So, they looked around for a soccer club __7__ would be able to do this for them. The clubs in Argentina couldnt help him, but the famous FC Barcelona in Spain offered __8__(accept) Messi on the junior team and pay for the bills. The Messi family happily took the offer and moved to Spain. In the FC Barcelona, Messi was one of the best __9__(play) through his teen years. __10__ his incredible talent, Messi has surprised the world. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 文章大意：本文主要講述了著名足球運動員Lionel Messi的成長故事。 答案： 1．a　考查冠詞。player是可數(shù)名詞，且第一次在文章中出現(xiàn)，故用不定冠詞修飾。 2．moved　考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)時態(tài)狀語“At a young age”可知，此處表示過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時。 3．professionally　考查詞性轉換。此處用professionally修飾動詞plays。 4．owned　考查非謂語動詞。own和a small soccer team構成動賓關系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。 5．taller　考查形容詞比較級。much/far/any等副詞往往修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級，根據(jù)語境可知，此處用taller。 6．but　考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處表示邏輯上的轉折關系，故用轉折連詞but。 7．that/which　考查定語從句。that或which引導限定性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞a soccer club。 8．to accept　考查非謂語動詞。此處是固定詞組 offer to do sth.，不定式短語作賓語，符合語境。 9．players　考查詞性轉換。根據(jù)提示the best和代詞one可知，此處應用名詞的復數(shù)形式。 10. With　考查介詞。此處用with表示“具備，有”，其后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞，符合語境。