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2019-2020年高考英語仿真模擬試題全解全析（10） 注意事項： 1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名和考生號、試室號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。 2．選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案信息點涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。 3．非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。 4．考生必須保持答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。 Ⅰ. 語言知識及應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分） 第一節(jié) 完形填空 （共10小題，每小題2分，滿分20分） 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1—15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice munications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In 1 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and prehend 2 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 3 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 4 at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency 5 in the actual stuff of language itself — words. Taken individually, words have little meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 6 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing（退回） to 7 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over what you have just read, is a mon bad habit in reading. Another habit which 8 down the speed of reading is vocalization — sounding each word either orally or mentally as one reads. 　　To overe these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 9 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined（預(yù)先確定的） speed．The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 10 the reader finds fortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 11 word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization（默讀）practically impossible. At first 12 is sacrificed for speed．But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, but your prehension will improve. Many people have found 13 reading skill drastically improved after some training . 14 Charlie Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute before the training, now it is an excellent 128 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 15 a lot more reading material in a short period of time. 1． A．a(chǎn)pplying B．doing C．offering D．getting 2． A．quickly B．easily C．roughly D．decidedly 3． A．good B．curious C．poor D．urgent 4． A．training B．habits C．situations D．custom 5． A．lies B．bines C．touches D．involves 6． A．Fortunately B．In fact C．Logically D．Unfortunately 7． A．reuse B．reread C．rewrite D．recite 8．A．scales B．cuts C．slows D．measures 9．A．a(chǎn)ccelerator B．a(chǎn)ctor C．a(chǎn)mplifier D．observer 10．A．then B．a(chǎn)s C．beyond D．than 11．A．enabling B．leading C．making D．indicating 12．A．meaning B．prehension C．gist D．regression 13．A．our B．your C．their D．such a 14．A．Look at B．Take C．Make D．Consider 15．A．master B．go over C．present D．get through 1---15 DACBA DBCAD CBCBD 1． D 本句意思是“誰如果想謀得一份差事”。applying需加for, 意思是“申請”；doing做；offering提供; 此三項均不符題意，只有g(shù)etting (獲得)適合。 2． A 本句意為 “快速閱讀與理解的能力，是關(guān)系到成敗的關(guān)鍵所在”。只有quickly與原意吻合。easily(容易地)；roughly (粗略地)；decidedly(果斷地)均與原文內(nèi)容不符。w 3． C 英語中，閱讀能力強的人稱為good reader，反之，就是poor reader。 　　根據(jù)上下文的能力內(nèi)容，多數(shù)人都屬于poor reader，因此選poor(差的)。其它選項不妥。 4． B 此處的意思是“大多數(shù)人早期養(yǎng)成了看書慢的習(xí)慣”。因此選habits(習(xí)慣)。training (訓(xùn)練，培訓(xùn))；situations(形勢)；custom(風俗習(xí)慣)。 5． A 此處說的是“主要的困難在于語言的自身要素，即單詞”。bines聯(lián)合；touches接觸；involves包括；這三項的詞義與原文不符。而lies與in構(gòu)成搭配，意為“在于”。 6． D 此句意為“然而遺憾的是未受過閱讀訓(xùn)練的人就不會按意群閱讀”。Fortunately幸運地；In fact事實上；Logically合乎邏輯地,均不妥。Unfortunately(不幸地)合乎句義。 7． B 此句意為“在閱讀時經(jīng)常重讀(反復(fù)讀)”因此，選reread重讀。reuse再使用；Rewrite改寫；recite背誦。 8． C scales down按比例減少；cuts down削減；此兩項不合題意。measures不能與down搭配。只有slow與down搭配的意思“放慢, 減速”，在此合適。 9． A 此句意為“訓(xùn)練快速閱讀所使用的工具必然與提高閱讀速度有關(guān)”，因此選accelerator (快讀器)。actor演員；amplifier放大器；observer觀察者。 10． D 前面的faster決定了應(yīng)當選than，構(gòu)成比較級。 11． C make… impossible (使…不可能) 。此句意為“快速閱讀器迫使你加快閱讀速度，使你再也不能逐字閱讀，回顧前文內(nèi)容或者默讀”。 12． B 這里的意思是“速讀最初會影響理解”，所以選prehension(理解力)。meaning意義，意思，指詞或詞組表示的意義；gist大意，要旨；regression回顧。 13． C 本句中的主語是第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)，物主代詞必然是their。 14． B take與后面的for instance構(gòu)成短語，意為：“以……例”，其它三項不能構(gòu)成搭配。 15． D 此處意為：在較短時間內(nèi)，讀完眾多的材料。master掌握；go over復(fù)習(xí)；present呈現(xiàn)，展現(xiàn)；此三項均不妥只有g(shù)et through (讀完)最恰當。 第二節(jié)：語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分） 閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。 Money really can’t buy happiness. According to a new survey, lawyers and __16_____ well-paid white-collar workers are more likely to suffer depression. A national survey of more than 7500 professionals has found that almost one __17_____ ten reported moderate (中度) to severe depressive symptoms. The legal profession had the worst result, _18_______ almost 16 percent reporting symptoms of clinical depression (臨床抑郁癥). Next __19_____(be) accountants and insurance underwriters, both on 10 percent. People in IT services, architecture and engineering also had depression rates above the average. The survey __20_____ (conduct) by Beyondblue, an organization devoted to fighting depression, also showed that __21_____ under 30 who had the __22_____ (high) rates of depression were the most likely to “self-medicate” with drugs and alcohol. Beyondblue deputy chief executive and _23_________ (psychology), Dr. Nicole Highet, said the survey was first to reveal the extent of the problem. “We often associate depression with the most socially disadvantaged and people under financial pressure, __24_____ here’s a whole different group.” Dr. Highet said, She said while it was difficult to know exactly __25________ made some groups more prone to depression, it was likely to bedriven by work pressures. [全解全析] 本文主要通過抗抑郁癥組織Beyondblue開展的調(diào)查，介紹了當今社會上律師和其他一些高薪白領(lǐng)易患抑郁癥的情況。16. other 律師和“其他的”高薪白領(lǐng)工作者。 17. in 近“十分之一”的受訪者。18. with 能接復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補)的只有介詞with。 19. were 因主語accountants and insurance underwriters是復(fù)數(shù)，所以謂語動詞也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 20. conducted 由conduct a survey(進行調(diào)查)可知，The survey與conduct是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞短語作定語。21. those 賓語從句中缺主語填名詞或代詞，由語境可知，這里是指30歲以下的“那些人”。22. highest 從上下文意思，可以知道30歲以下的人患抑郁癥的比例最高，所以要用最高級。23. psychologist 由與之并列的副首席執(zhí)行官可知，應(yīng)為“心理學(xué)家”。24. but 由前句的often和后面的different很易容看出前后兩分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。句意為：海耶特博士說：“我們常把抑郁癥與最弱勢的社會群體以及有經(jīng)濟壓力的人聯(lián)系在一起，但事實上是另一個完全不同的人群存在這個問題?！?5. what 引導(dǎo)賓語從句并在從句中作主語。 Ⅲ.閱讀 第一節(jié)　閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。 A A couple of years ago, before a trip to China, Nicole Davis and her US women’s volleyball teammates were warned about the prominence (顯著、突出) of coach “Jenny” Lang Ping in her native country. “I was pushed over by Chinese journalists while I was just trying to put my luggage on the bus,” said Davis. Known as the “Iron Hammer” for her punishing spikes(扣球),Lang made it possible for China to dominate in the sport in the early 1980s. She was a key player on China’s 1984 Olympic gold medal winning team. When the US team arrived for the Olympics, Lang, 48, who is from Beijing, had to take a different route to avoid a crowd of reporters and fans. Then came the greatest moment to Lang：While the US team was playing in a packed gym, at least 8,000 Chinese fans unfurled an American flag. “That really says it all,” Davis said. “They look at her as an icon(偶像)．I’m sure it’s hard for them to see her coaching another country, but they love her so ly that her success is their success.” The loyalty of the Chinese fans was tested on Friday, when China lost a match to the US. “It’s a pity that China lost the match, but I’m still glad that Lang Ping’s team won, since she is the pride of China’s volleyball,” said Liu Chengli, a spectator. “We also cheered for Lang’s victory.” Lang said she just tried to stay professional when the two teams meet. “It doesn’t matter if we play China or any other team. It’s the same.” Lang said. Davis said she and her teammates could not have imagined the passion for volleyball among Chinese because the sport was lack of popularity in the US. The reception from Chinese fans has touched the US players, said US volleyball player Lindsey Berg. “It’s such an honor to be here and play for our coach here in China,” she said. “The amount of support that the Chinese give to her and us has been tremendous. The whole event has been unbelievable.” 26．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Staying professional. B．Cheering for the Iron Hammer. C．A match between China and the US. D．Lang Ping’s career as a coach. 27．Lang Ping avoided meeting the reporters and fans probably because she ________. A．was afraid to be questioned about her strategy B．didn’t want to be paid much attention to C．disliked to be with her fans D．didn’t want to disturb public order 28．What does the underlined word “unfurled” exactly mean? A．destroyed pletely B．tore into pieces C．spread out to the wind D．rolled up 29．What does Lang Ping mean by saying “It doesn’t matter if we play China or any other team.”？ A．American Volleyball Team will beat any team. B．Chinese Volleyball Team is the same as other teams. C．She just tried to stay professional. D．The results of each match will be the same. 30．What impressed the US team players most? A．The tolerance of Chinese people. B．The popularity of volleyball in China. C．Lang Ping’s coaching skills. D．The loyalty for volleyball of the Chinese. [全解全析] 26．答案　B解析　本篇文章無明顯的主題句,但字里行間都在講述我國著名排球運動員,現(xiàn)美國女排主教練郎平帶隊到中國參加奧運會并受到了人們的熱烈歡迎,故應(yīng)選B；而D項意為“郎平的教練生涯”,顯然不合題意。但多數(shù)學(xué)生誤選此項,是由于只注意到了局部信息,犯了以偏賅全的錯誤,而沒有真正理解文章主旨。27．答案　B解析　推理判斷題。從文章第四段的內(nèi)容可以推斷出朗平希望不要太被關(guān)注。28．答案　C解析　詞義猜測題。由文章第五段和第六段可以知道,這里的中國球迷應(yīng)該是“打開、展開”了一面美國國旗,所以選C項。29．答案　C解析　推理判斷題。從文章內(nèi)容可以知道,朗平認為不論是對陣中國隊還是其他隊,對她來說,這僅僅是一場比賽而已。由此推斷選C項。30．答案　B解析　細節(jié)理解題。從文章倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可以知道,排球在中國非常受歡迎,所以選B項。 B Were all connected. You can send an e-mail message to a friend, and your friend can pass it on to one of his or her friends, and that friend can do the same, continuing the chain. Eventually, your message could reach just about anyone in the world, and it might take only five to seven e-mails for the message to get there. Scientists recently tested that idea in a study involving 24,000 people. Participants had to try to get a message forwarded to one of 18 randomly chosen people. Each participant started by sending one e-mail to someone they knew. Recipients could then forward the e-mail once to someone they knew, and so on. Targets, who were randomly assigned by researchers from Columbia University in New York, lived in 13 countries. They included an Australian police officer, a Norwegian veterinarian, and a college professor. Out of 24,000 chains, only 384 reached their goal. The rest petered out, usually because one of the recipients was either too busy to forward the message or thought it was junk mail. The links that reached their goal made it in an average of 4.05 e-mails. Based on the lengths of the failed chains, the researchers estimated that two strangers could generally make contact in five to seven e-mails. The most successful chains relied on casual acquaintances rather than close friends. Thats because your close friends know each other whereas your acquaintances tend to know people you dont know. The phenomenon, known as the strength of weak ties, explains why people tend to get jobs through people they know casually but arent that close to. So, start networking and instant messaging now. As they say in show business: Its all about who you know. 31. If you want to get into touch with a stranger in the world, how many e-mails might it take for the message to reach him/her? A. 5 to 7 B. 18 C. 13 D. 384 32. Which of the following is Not true about the test? A. 24,000 people took part in the study and sent e-mails to people they knew. B. The 18 targets were chosen by chance. C. About 98.4% of the mails didn’t reach their goal because some people were too busy or they mistook the message for junk mail. D. The targets e from 13 countries, such as Australia, Norway and New York. 33. What does the word “estimate” mean in the passage? A. make sure B. suppose C. think over D. imagine 34. Why do people tend to get jobs more easily through casual acquaintances than close friends? A. Because close friends don’t talk with each other so much. B. Because casual acquaintances can help you know more people and make more friends. C. Because close friends don’t spend so much time gathering together. D. Because casual acquaintances are kinder and more willing to help others. 35. In which part of a newspaper will readers read this passage? A. Culture B. Entertainment C. Information and Technology D. Health [全解全析] 本文主要講述電子郵件將人們的聯(lián)系拉近。 31. A 細節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句可知。 32. D 細節(jié)理解題。由第二段可知，A, B, C都正確；由第三段最后一句可知，D不正確。 33. B 詞義猜測題。estimate “估計”，與B選項suppose意思最接近。 34. B 細節(jié)理解題。由第六段可知。 35. C 推理判斷題。因本文談的e-mail與電腦有關(guān)，所以應(yīng)與“信息和技術(shù)”相關(guān)。 C British author JK Rowling was at the release of her latest Harry Potter book called “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows” at the Natural History Museum in London, Friday July 20, xx. J.K.RowlinghasbeenspottedatcafesinScotlandworkingonadetectivenovel,aBritishnewspaperreportedSaturday. TheSundayTimesnewspaperquotedIanRankin,afellowauthorandneighborofRowlings,assayingthecreatorofthe"HarryPotter"booksisturningtocrimefiction. "MywifespottedherwritingherEdinburghcriminaldetectivenovel,"thenewspaperquotedRankinastellingareporteratanEdinburghliteraryfestival. "ItisgreatthatshehasnotabandonedwritingorEdinburghcafes,"saidRankin,whois knownforhisownpolicenovelssetinthehistoricScottishcity. RowlingfamouslywroteinitialdraftsofthePotterstoryintheScottishcityscafes.Backthen,shewasastrugglingsinglemotherwhowroteincafestosaveontheheatingbillathome. NowshesBritainsrichestwoman-worth$1billion,accordingtoForbesmagazine-andhersevenPotterbookshavesoldmorethan335millioncopiesworldwide. InaninterviewwithTheAssociatedPresslastmonth,RowlingsaidshebelievedshewasunlikelytorepeatthesuccessofthePotterseries,butconfirmedshehadplanstoworkonnewbooks. "IlldoexactlywhatIdidwithHarry-IllwritewhatIreallywanttowrite,"Rowlingsaid. 36 What is JK Rowling famous for? A. detective novels B. crime fiction C. Harry Potter books D. love stories 37 Which of the following is Not rue about Ian Rankin? A. He is a writer famous for police novels. B. Most of the stories in his novels happened in the historic Scottish city. C. It was Rankin himself who witnessed JK Rowing writing her Edinburgh criminal detective novels. D. He told the British newspaper The Sunday Times about JK Rowling’s novels. 38 Why did Rowling like to write the “Harry Potter stories” in the cafes? A. Because she was a romantic woman and the atmosphere in the cafes gave her lots of inspiration. B. Because she was a single mother at that time and she wanted to find a husband there. C. Because her children were so naughty at home and she had to go to a quiet place for her writing. D. Because she thought that writing in a cafes could help her save some money. 39 What can we learn from the passage? A. The seven Harry Potter series made JK Rowling a success. B. JK Rowling had made enough money so she decided to stop writing. C. Rowling planned to write new books because Harry Potter was not exactly what she wanted. D. Ian Rankin and his wife earned money by telling reporters news about JK Rowling. 40 What is the best title for the passage? A. Harry Potter and JK Rowing B. Ian Rankin, A Neighbour of JK Rowling C. A Successful Woman JK Rowling D. JK Rowling writing Detective Novels [全解全析] 本文介紹了《哈利波特》的作者JK Rowling被鄰居發(fā)現(xiàn)改行寫偵探小說的消息。 36. C 細節(jié)理解題。她的成名作就是《哈利波特》系列。 37. C 細節(jié)理解題。由第五段中的“said Rankin, who is known for his own police novels set in the historic Scottish city.”可知A，B是正確的；第三段中報刊引用了Rankin的話來說明JK Rowling的新動向，所以D是正確的；第四段中可知是Rankin的妻子發(fā)現(xiàn)JK Rowling在寫犯罪小說，而不是Rankin親自發(fā)現(xiàn)的，所以C不正確。 38. D 細節(jié)理解題。 由第六段中的“Back then, she was a struggling single mother who wrote in cafes to save on the heating bill at home.”可知。 39. A 細節(jié)理解題。 由最后兩段可知選項A正確，B和C不正確，文中沒提及D。 40. D 主旨大意題。本文重點在說JK Rowling想寫偵探小說的事，所以D最合適。 D YOUR mom might cook a bowl of noodles for you on your birthday. But in the US, a mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday. Cupcakes are small, round cakes topped with frosting (糖霜). It has been an American tradition that moms bring cupcakes to the classroom to celebrate their child’s birthday. But recently some doctors have called for this to be banned. They believe cupcakes contribute to child obesity. Despite their good intentions, however, some people believe that experts are interfering (妨礙) with American culture. The cupcake is seen as American as apple pie — only prettier. According to Marion Nestle, a professor of nutrition at New York University, the cupcake is the most democratic (民主的) of desserts. As they are small enough for one person, you don’t have to share your cupcake with anyone — it’s all yours. They are also all the same size, so there can’t be any cries of “she got the bigger piece!” Each bite can taste different depending on how much icing you have. It is a lesson in self-determination. Some people eat only a little of the frosting every time, others have it all in just one bite. In recent years, eating a cupcake has bee as trendy as having a cup of Starbucks coffee. Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton jokingly promised on a talk show that if she was elected president, she would give everyone a cupcake on her birthday. Ruth Reichl, editor-in-chief of Gourmet magazine, explains that the rise of the cupcake is very much about going back to American national identity in food, which is all about fort. “People want to think about when they and their country were innocent,” she said. 41. According to the passage, it has been an American tradition that ___________. A. a party for children on their birthday B. A mom cooks a bowl of noodles for her children on their birthday C. A mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday and brings it to the classroom D. parents go travelling with their children on their birthday 42. Why do doctors ask people to ban cupcakes on children’s birthday? A. Because they themselves don’t like cupcakes. B. Because they think cupcakes are not so delicious. C. Because they believe cupcakes will cause cries of “She got the bigger piece”. D. Because they believe cupcakes are one of the causes to make children bee fat. 43. Which of the following is Not true according to Marion Nestle? A. The cupcake is more democratic than any other deserts in the US. B. The cupcake is too small to share with others. C. The sizes of cupcakes are the same so it’s equal to everyone. D. Cupcakes will lead to child obesity so they should be banned. 44. The underlined word “trendy” in paragraph 7 probably means ________. A. popular B. gentle C. delicious D. different 45. Why did the writer mention Hillary Clinton and Ruth Reichl? A. To arouse the readers’ attention. B. To show that cupcakes are being a popular to show kindness and fort. C. To make a parison between them. D. To give readers a general idea of cupcakes. [全解全析] 本文介紹了美國孩子生日吃杯型蛋糕的傳統(tǒng)。 41. C 細節(jié)理解題。第二段第二句可知C正確。 42. D 細節(jié)理解題。題眼在第三段第二句，關(guān)健是理解obesity的意思，文中提到頂上還有糖霜，根據(jù)常識可知obesity是“肥伴”之意。 43. D 細節(jié)理解題。因第五段中，只有D不是Marion Nestle說的話。 44. A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)常識coffee在西方國家是非常流行的，故trendy意為“流行的”。 45. B 推理判斷題。由最后兩段可推知B最合適。 第二節(jié) 信息匹配（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分） 請閱讀下列應(yīng)用文和相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。 首先，請閱讀下列關(guān)于名著簡寫本的介紹： A. The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (C.S. Lewis) Stepping into an old wardrobe, four English schoolchildren find themselves in the magical world of Narnia. On this delightful land, they find friends among the many talking creatures. The children soon discover, however, that Narnia is ruled by the White Witch. Edmund, one of the children, falls under her power.