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2019-2020年高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)精練 閱讀理解（8） [xx銀川、吳忠部分中學(xué)高三年級聯(lián)考] Juvenile Fire Stoppers If you live in Bellevue and your child has played with fire，deliberately set a fire or you are unsure how to teach your child about fire safety, the Bellevue Fire Department can help. Through the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program, the trained teenagers can assess fire setting behavior, receive free fire safety education and stop their dangerous behavior. For your guidance, the Bellevue Fire Department offers the following： Fire Setting Fire setting is the term used to describe the behavior of children who have begun to use fire in a dangerous way. Through the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program, children can gain the skills to alter this dangerous behavior. Do not put off dealing with this behavior. Fire is a devastating and deadly force. Motivations for Fire Setting Children set fire for the following reasons： Curiosity About 75 percent of children set fires, because they are curious. The opportunity is there because the child has access to fire tools and is not supervised. He or she decides to see what fire will do. Reactionary Reactionary fire setters are usually older, upset about something and not very good at expressing themselves. They typically light a fire as a way to let grownups know they need help. Their fire setting is in reaction to a problem. Delinquent_Behavior Usually delinquent fire setters light fires for fun. Most of the time, its a prank(惡作劇) or because of a dare. Most fire setters in this group dont realize they are breaking the law and could go to jail. What you can do： ◆Set a good example. If you smoke, be responsible for your use of matches and lighters.Children learn by watching you. ◆Keep matches and lighters out of childrens sight and reach. Even toddlers (學(xué)步的兒童) can use lighters and matches to start a fire. ◆Teach your children that if their clothes catch fire, they should not run, but stop, drop and roll. They should immediately stop what theyre doing, drop to the floor and roll over and over until the fire is out. Urge your kids to sign up for the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program! Contact Information Fire Department 450 110th Ave. NE Bellevue, WA 98009 Contact: Prevention Division Phone: 425－452－6872 Email: fire _prevention@ bellevuewa. gov. 1. The passage is meant for________. A．parents　　　　　　　 B．children C．teachers D．firefighters 2．The Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program can help children________. A．obtain the driving skills B．change their fire setting behavior C．a(chǎn)ssess their survival skills D．give up the habit of smoking 3. The majority of children set fires out of ________. A. fun B. reaction C. courage D. curiosity 4. We can learn from the passage that delinquent fire setting is________. A. interesting B. illegal C. lawful D. deadly [文章大意]　本文主要提供了Bellevue消防部門舉辦的以阻止小孩玩火為目的的活動項(xiàng)目—the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program的相關(guān)信息。 1．A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“your child has played with fire”及“teach your child”可推知，本文是寫給父母看的。 2．B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Fire Setting下面的“Through the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program, children can gain the skills to alter this dangerous behavior.”可知，the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program可以幫助孩子們改變玩火的行為。 3．D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Motivations for Fire Setting下面的“About 75 percent of children set fires，because they are curious.”可知，大多數(shù)的孩子玩火主要是出于好奇。 4．B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Delinquent Behavior中的“Most fire setters in this group dont realize they are breaking the law and could go to jail.”可知，過失縱火是違法的。 B [xx課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅰ] The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert (警覺). Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze (凝視) starts to lose its focus－until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after ing into the world? Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number or spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a b, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同樣地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots. 5. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the babys ________. A. sense of hearing B. sense of sight C. sense of touch D. sense of smell 6. Babies are sensitive to the change in ________. A. the size of cards B. the colour of pictures C. the shape of patterns D. the number of objects 7. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats? A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment. B. To see how babies recognize sounds. C. To carry their experiment further. D. To keep the babies interest. 8. Where does this text probably e from? A. Science fiction. B. Childrens literature. C. An advertisement. D. A science report. [文章大意]　剛剛出生的嬰兒對眼前出現(xiàn)的不同圖片和物體的數(shù)量有沒有概念呢？他們對視覺和聲音的變化敏感嗎？對此，研究者進(jìn)行了一系列的試驗(yàn)。 5．B?？疾橥评砼袛?。根據(jù)第一段中的“Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced.”可知，第一段描述的試驗(yàn)主要針對的是嬰兒的視覺(sense of sight)。 6．D?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.”可知，當(dāng)圖片上物體的數(shù)量發(fā)生變化時，嬰兒注視圖片的時間增加了一倍。由此可知，嬰兒對物體數(shù)量的變化非常敏感。 7．C?？疾橥评砼袛?。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，研究者變換了對嬰兒的刺激方式，是為了更深入地進(jìn)行研究。因此研究者讓嬰兒聽鼓聲是為了進(jìn)行深入的研究。 8．D?？疾橥评砼袛?。本文介紹了對嬰兒進(jìn)行的試驗(yàn)、試驗(yàn)的經(jīng)過、結(jié)果等，因此本文可能來自于一份科學(xué)報告。 C [xx云南省高中畢業(yè)班復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測] Smile and keep up the spirit; everything is temporary.Problems are the steps we need to acquire better things.Problems are new opportunities to learn what we need to know to avoid making mistakes, to start over，to do the best we can，with a new attitude，the right attitude. Everything is for good.At the end of the tunnel there is always light. The important thing is that regardless of any barrier we face, we dont stop moving forward while we are in the darkness of that tunnel. To stay in such darkness, to sigh，or to wait for somebody to feel pity or sorry for us doesnt solve anything. It is important to understand that walking in that unavoidable dark tunnel is a blessing in disguise since it bees part of our experience, it makes us grow and it is one of the two ways that forces us to form our character. Benjamin Franklin said, “We either buy wisdom, paying for our mistakes, or take it borrowed, learning from other peoples mistakes.” To stay in the misery or blame others does you no good. You are bigger than any challenge; you have everything you need to make it through and succeed. Dont stop！Continue moving forward! Dont stay in that mental dark zone. In this zone there is no growth, only insecurity(不安)． Regardless of all fears, it is necessary to keep moving forward. There are a lot of blessings waiting for you! The riches of life are for those who have the courage and perseverance(堅(jiān)持不懈) to take action. Life may not be fair; it is for sure that all of us will pay for our mistakes. That is unavoidable, but what makes us grow is not how many times life beats us, but how many times we get up and try. Who hasnt gone through bad times？The important thing is to see, understand, and accept life as it is. Everybody makes mistakes! Once we make a decision and take action, there is no way to go back. Life cannot be, nor will it be otherwise. Being irresponsible, blaming, or justifying(為……辯護(hù)) our actions and mistakes keeps us from growing. 1．In Paragraph 2 the author advises us to ________. A．ignore the difficult situation B．wait for help when in trouble C．keep moving in times of trouble D．be careful of any barrier we face 2．What Benjamin Franklin said proves that________. A．some people dont make mistakes B．making mistakes is unavoidable C．we have to pay for our mistakes D．mistakes can be beneficial to us 3．Which of the following statements would the author agree to according to the passage? A. Accepting life as it is frees us from growing. B. Courage and perseverance are vital to success. C. We should think twice before making a decision. D. We should bear in mind that life is equal to everyone. 4．The author writes the passage mainly to ________. A. encourage readers to pursue their dreams B. advise readers to get out of the fort zone C. call on readers to feel confident about their future D. convince readers to look on problems as opportunities [文章大意]　在人生路上，每個人都會遇到困難和挑戰(zhàn)。如果我們能夠培養(yǎng)良好的心態(tài)，把困難看作前進(jìn)的墊腳石，勇往直前，最終我們就能夠克服困難，走向成功。 1．C?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第三句可知，作者建議我們遇到困難時，不要止步不前。 2．D。 考查推理判斷。在第三段中，作者引用了富蘭克林的話，是為了證明前面作者的觀點(diǎn)：錯誤使我們成長，錯誤有助于塑造我們的性格。 3．B?？疾橥评砼袛唷８鶕?jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段第三句可知，作者認(rèn)為，生活中的財富屬于那些有勇氣、有毅力的人?？梢娮髡哒J(rèn)為勇氣和毅力是成功的要素。 4．D?？疾閷懽饕鈭D。通覽全文，作者旨在勸說讀者要把生活中的困難看作前進(jìn)的臺階，努力拼搏，克服困難，開創(chuàng)未來。 D [xx石家莊市高三模擬] Royal baby Prince George may have been big news when he was born last week，but he is put in the shade by this infant who weighed almost a stone at birth. When he was born last Monday, he was the largest royal baby in over 100 years，weighing 8 lb 6 oz，and was described as“a big boy and quite heavy” by his parents. But on Friday a baby girl named Jasleen became Germanys heaviest ever newborn at 13 lb 7 oz when she came into the world without a caesarean(剖腹產(chǎn)手術(shù))． Mother and baby are currently being cared for at the neonatal ward of the University Hospital in Leipzig, reports Der Spiegel. Jasleens mother only arrived at the hospital on the day of the birth, and doctors discovered that she had suffered from an undiagnosed case of gestational diabetes (孕期糖尿病), a condition that can cause excessive birth weight in the newborn child. Jasleen, who is 22.6 inches long, easily steals the crown from Germanys previous heaviest baby Jihad Yagi, who weighed 13 lb when he was born in November 2011. In March British mum Jade Packer, gave birth naturally to a 15 lb 7 oz baby boy named George, the second largest baby ever to be born in the UK. He was more than double the average for a newborn, at Gloucester Royal Infirmary. After he arrived two weeks late his mum said, “He was a surprise－a big surprise, as it turned out.” “To be honest, I dont remember it so much. It came and went. I remember a lot of pressure, but you just get on with it, dont you？” He is thought to be the second largest baby born naturally in Britain, after 15 lb 8 oz Guy Carr of BarrowinFurness，Cumbria, who arrived in 1992. In February last year, a baby boy was born in Chinas central Henan province, weighing a whopping 15.5 lb. Chun Chun came into the world via caesarean section，with his proud father claiming to feel very happy at the birth of such a big, fat son. The heaviest birth listed by Guinness World Records belongs to a baby boy born in 1879 in Ohio, who weighed 23 lb 12 oz at birth and whose mother was said to be a giantess. Unfortunately, the baby died 11 hours after birth. 5. What does the underlined phrase in the first paragraph probably mean? A. To be popular. B. To be outshone. C. To be left unhealthy. D. To be impressive. 6. Who is the second largest baby ever born in the UK? A. Prince George. B. A baby boy named George. C. Jasleen. D. Guy Carr. 7. Which of the following is true about Jade Packer? A. Her baby didnt e as expected. B. She suffered from gestational diabetes. C. She had a lot of pressure making a living. D. Her baby doubles the average weight for the newborn in UK. 8. It is learned from the text that ________. A. Jihad Yagi still has the crown of Germanys heaviest baby B. Jasleen bees the second heaviest ever newborn in Germany C. a baby boy named Chun Chun in China es second in Guinness D. the heaviest newborn recorded in Guinness es from America [文章大意]　本文記錄了在英國、德國、中國出生時最重的孩子以及關(guān)于他們的一些報道。 5．B。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分所在句及第二、三段中對嬰兒的比較可知，女嬰Jasleen比皇家寶寶George王子重得多，因此put in the shade意為“黯然失色”，B項(xiàng)正確。 6．B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第四段中的“He is thought to be the second largest baby born naturally in Britain，after 15 lb 8 oz Guy Carr”可知，George是英國歷史上在出生時第二重的孩子，所以選B。 7．A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第九段中的“After he arrived two weeks late”可知，Jade Packer的孩子晚于預(yù)產(chǎn)期出生，故選A項(xiàng)。 8．D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“The heaviest birth listed by Guinness World Records belongs to a baby boy born in 1879 in Ohio”可知，吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄上記載的出生時最重的嬰兒來自美國，所以選D。