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2019年高中英語 Unit 23 Conflict過關(guān)檢測 北師大版選修8 Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題;每題1分,共15分) 1.The State Council has 　　　 a new economic policy on the benefits of the farmers. A.put on　　　　　　　　　 B.put forward C.put off D.put out 提示:句意為:“國會提出了一項(xiàng)對農(nóng)民有益的新的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。”故本題應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)“提出”。put on“穿上”;put off“推遲”;put out“出版,熄滅”。 答案:B 2.The two brothers are always arguing and neither of them will 　　　. A.give in B.give back C.give off D.give out 提示:give in“屈服,讓步”;give back“歸還”;give off“發(fā)出,放出”;give out“用完,耗盡”。由句意可知本題應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。 答案:A 3.—How did it 　　　 that you made such a silly mistake? —I myself haven’t figured it out yet. A.bring about Be about Ce across De on 提示:問句意為:“你怎么會犯這樣愚蠢的錯誤呢?”bring about“引起”;e about“發(fā)生”;e across“偶遇”;e on表催促或鼓勵。 答案:B 4.—Oh,doctor,the wound on my leg is infected. —You really shouldn’t have left it 　　　 to the sun. A.discovered B.exposed C.opened D.buried 提示:答語句意為:“你真的本不應(yīng)該把它暴露在太陽下的?！眃iscover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;open“打開”;bury“埋”;expose“暴露”,符合題意。 答案:B 5.Not only 　　　 her handbag but also 　　　 hurt badly. A.she lost;she was B.did she lose;was she C.she lost;was she D.did she lose;she was 提示:句意為:“她不但丟了手提包而且傷得很嚴(yán)重?！眓ot only...but also連接兩個分句,且not only位于句首時,其后的句子要用部分倒裝,but also后的句子則不用。 答案:D 6.A local newspaper 　　　 that crime was on the decrease. A.said B.spoke C.referred D.remarked 提示:句意為:“一家地方報(bào)紙?jiān)u論說犯罪案件在減少。”remark“談到,評論”。say“說”,指用語言表達(dá);speak“說話;講某種語言”;refer to“提到”。 答案:D 7.Practising Chinese Kungfu can not only 　　　 one’s strength,but also develop one’s character. A.bring up B.take up C.build up D.pull up 提示:句意為:“練中國功夫不僅能增強(qiáng)人的力量,還能培養(yǎng)人的性格?！眀uild up one’s strength“增強(qiáng)某人的力量”。 答案:C 8.—Guess what!I have got an A for my term paper. —Great!You 　　　 read widely and put a lot of work into it. A.must B.should C.must have D.should have 提示:本題考查情態(tài)動詞。第一句中說話人現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)得了“A”,因此答話人的推測是對過去的推測,即“你(過去)一定廣泛閱讀并做了大量工作”;再從語氣上看,這里是一種近乎肯定的推斷,因此用語氣最強(qiáng)的must,答案為C項(xiàng)。 答案:C 9.They consider it almost a crime to expose children 　　　 violence on TV. A.in B.under C.below D.to 提示:句意為:“他們認(rèn)為讓兒童接觸暴力電視節(jié)目幾乎是一種犯罪行為?！眅xpose...to“把……暴露在……”,是固定搭配。 答案:D 10.To make members of a team perform better,the trainer first of all has to know their 　　　and weaknesses. A.strengths　 B.benefits C.techniques D.values 提示:strengths and weaknesses表示“長處與不足”,strength表示“優(yōu)點(diǎn),長處”。benefit“好處,益處”;technique“技巧”;value“價值”。 答案:A 11.According to news reports personal 　　　 of guns in the USA causes a lot of trouble. A.wealth B.possession C.matter D.problem 提示:由句意可知此處用B項(xiàng)表示“持有,擁有”。wealth“財(cái)富”;matter“事情”;problem“問題”。 答案:B 12.He managed to reach the summit of his career,but it was at the 　　　 of his health. A.consumption B.credit C.exhaustion D.expense 提示:句意為:“他努力達(dá)到了事業(yè)的頂峰,但這是付出了健康的代價。”consumption“消費(fèi)”;credit“信譽(yù),信用”;exhaustion“耗盡”;expense“代價,費(fèi)用”。at the expense of是固定搭配,意為“以……為代價”。 答案:D 13.He 　　　 articles for our wall-newspaper these three years,and he 　　　 about forty articles. A.has been writing;has written B.has been writing;wrote C.is writing;has been writing D.has written;has written 提示:句意為:“這三年來他一直為我們的墻報(bào)寫文章,而且他已經(jīng)寫了大約40篇文章了。”由these three years及句意可知第一個空格處為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時態(tài),故排除C、D兩項(xiàng);而他已經(jīng)寫了大約40篇文章,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),故排除B項(xiàng)。 答案:A 14.It was 　　　 he finished his essay. A.until last night when B.not until last night that C.not until last night when D.until last night that 提示:此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語。原句為:He didn’t finish his essay until last night. 答案:B 15.Don’t promise anything 　　　 you are one hundred percent sure. A.whether B.after C.how D.unless 提示:句意為:“除非你有百分之百的把握,否則不要許諾任何事”。此處用unless表示“除非,如果不”。 答案:D Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題;每題1.5分,共30分) The terrible fights that took place in the house down the street were talked about in Marianne and Kevin Naslund’s neighbourhood.“Everyone heard the 　16　,”says Marianne.During one particularly terrible fight in February xx,the 16-year-old son of the people in that house,Andy,was 　17　 by his stepfather.Watching police cars crowding the street,Marianne 　18　 that she had to help Andy before he ran away or became a person who 　19　 drugs and alcohol for fort. A few days later,she 　20　 Andy a spot on her living-room couch(長沙發(fā)).Andy,who knew Marianne’s sons,Nick,then 15,and Jake,then 13,accepted.No one understood 　21　 Marianne would take in a troublesome teenager like Andy. At the local high school,he either slept through classes or made them a 　22　 for teachers. Surprisingly,her children understood.“Sometimes Andy 　23　 be a threat to me,”says Jake,“but when I thought about the future he would 　24　 if we turned him away,I knew my mother did the right thing.” It wasn’t 　25　.For Andy,moving in with the Naslunds was like entering a foreign country.“I was used to getting screamed at if I 　26　 messed up,so I was kind of waiting for that,”he says.But the day he was driven from high school for fighting,the screaming never came.　27　,Marianne calmly asked why he’d done it and listened to Andy’s 　28　. “I don’t want to let her down,”says Andy.“I didn’t get into another 　29　 for the rest of high school.”Two years later,he volunteered to coach youth soccer,and in xx 　30　 on time from high school. “If I hadn’t moved in with the Naslunds,I 　31　 would have dropped out,”Andy says. Now,after four years,Marianne calls Andy her third 　32　.He has had no 　33　 with his mum and stepfather since moving out,even though they still 　34　 in the neighborhood and say they’re pleased with how their son has turned out.Andy,who recently joined the Navy at age 19,　35　 where he’s heading when he es home on leave. 16.A.saying B.yelling C.warning D.whispering 提示:根據(jù)下文...one particularly terrible fight可知,這次打架特別嚴(yán)重,因此眾人都聽到了他們的喊叫聲。saying“諺語,格言”;yelling“大喊”;warning“警告”;whispering“嘀咕聲”。 答案:B 17.A.hit B.blamed C.scolded D.discouraged 提示:根據(jù)上下文提供的語境得出,Andy是被繼父打了。be hit by“被……打了”,其他選項(xiàng)不符合語境。blame“責(zé)備”;scold“責(zé)罵”;discourage“使泄氣”。 答案:A 18.A.pretended B.followed C.doubted D.realised 提示:下文提到Marianne收留了Andy,此處指Marianne認(rèn)識到了幫助Andy的必要性。realise“認(rèn)識到”;pretend“假裝”;follow“跟隨”;doubt“懷疑”。 答案:D 19.A.turned on B.turned in C.turned to D.turned up 提示:根據(jù)上文可知此處指為了避免Andy離家出走,成為一個求助于毒品和酒來尋找安慰的人。turn to“求助于”;turn on“打開”;turn in“上交,歸還”;turn up“到場,出現(xiàn)”。 答案:C 20.A.sent B.offered C.seized D.left 提示:根據(jù)下文得知,Andy接受了幫助。由此得出Marianne是主動提出為Andy提供住處。offer“提供”;send“發(fā)送”;seize“奪取;占據(jù)”;leave“留下”。 答案:B 21.A.why B.how C.where D.when 提示:由上文得知,沒人理解為何Marianne接納一個問題少年。why“為什么”;how“如何”;where“哪里”;when“什么時候”。 答案:A 22.A.pleasure B.surprise C.joke D.nightmare 提示:Andy是個問題少年,前面說他上課睡覺,所以下文肯定也是不好的表現(xiàn),不睡覺就搗亂。nightmare“噩夢”;pleasure“快樂”;surprise“驚奇”;joke“玩笑”。 答案:D 23.A.must B.could C.would D.should 提示:Marianne的兒子Jake承認(rèn)Andy有時會成為他的一個威脅。could此處的意思是“有時會,可能會”。must“必須”;would“愿意”;should“應(yīng)該”。 答案:B 24.A.make B.predict C.design D.face 提示:Jake一想到Andy還要面對的未來,認(rèn)為他媽媽做的是對的,不能把他打發(fā)走。face“面對”;make“做,制作”;predict“預(yù)計(jì),預(yù)料”;design“設(shè)計(jì),計(jì)劃”。 答案:D 25.A.ordinary B.normal C.easy D.difficult 提示:Andy進(jìn)入Marianne的家就像到了一個陌生的國家。由此得知,住在Marianne家對Andy來說并不容易。easy“容易的”;ordinary“普通的”;normal“正常的”;difficult“困難的”。 答案:C 26.A.ever B.yet C.even D.never 提示:Andy過去已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了自己弄糟事情后被責(zé)罵。ever此處的意思是“曾經(jīng)”。yet“已經(jīng)”,常用于否定句;even“甚至”;never“從來不”。 答案:A 27.A.Instead B.Though C.Fortunately D.Therefore 提示:以前做錯事會挨罵,而Marianne卻平靜地問他為什么這樣做。上下句存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。instead“反而”;though“盡管”;fortunately“幸運(yùn)的是”;therefore“因此”。 答案:A 28.A.introduction B.explanation C.remark D.background 提示:根據(jù)上文,Marianne平靜地問他為什么這樣做,下文應(yīng)該是聽他的解釋。explanation“解釋”;introduction“介紹;引言”;remark“評論”;background“背景;經(jīng)歷”。 答案:B 29.A.defeat B.union C.fight D.connection 提示:上文提到Andy因?yàn)榇蚣鼙悔s回家,所以這里說,在剩下的高中日子里,他再也沒有打架。fight“打架”;defeat“戰(zhàn)敗;失敗”;union“聯(lián)盟;工會”;connection“關(guān)系;聯(lián)系”。 答案:C 30.A.discovered Bbined C.escaped D.graduated 提示:由下文的on time from high school得出,此處應(yīng)該是“畢業(yè)”。graduate“畢業(yè)”;discover“發(fā)現(xiàn);找到”;bine“結(jié)合”;escape“逃脫”。 答案:D 31.A.unlikely B.usually C.probably D.entirely 提示:Andy覺得要不是跟Marianne一家在一起,他可能就輟學(xué)了。此處用了虛擬語氣,表示一種假設(shè)。probably“很可能”;unlikely“不大可能”;usually“通常”;entirely“徹底地”。 答案:C 32.A.son B.partner C.daughter D.enemy 提示:Marianne家有兩個兒子,因此Andy就成了她家的第三個兒子。son“兒子”;partner“搭檔;伙伴”;daughter“女兒”;enemy“敵人”。 答案:A 33.A.respect B.experience C.problem D.contact 提示:自從Andy搬出來之后,再也沒跟他原來的母親和繼父有什么接觸和聯(lián)系。have no contact with“與……沒有聯(lián)系”。respect“尊敬”;experience“經(jīng)歷;閱歷”;problem“問題”。 答案:D 34.A.stay B.live C.wander D.hide 提示:Andy的父母仍然住在原來的街區(qū)。live表示“長期居住、生活”。stay表示短暫的“逗留”;wander“徘徊”;hide“躲藏”。 答案:B 35.A.knows B.puzzles C.determines D.hesitates 提示:Andy已經(jīng)把Marianne的家當(dāng)成自己的家了,所以,當(dāng)休假回家的時候,知道該向哪里走。know“知道”;puzzle“迷惑”;determine“決定”;hesitate“猶豫”。 答案:A Ⅲ.閱讀理解(共10小題;每題2分,共20分) A (xx浙江,C) Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever,even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started.Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country.In fact,according to an official report on youth violence,“In our country today,the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment,but the terrible reality of violence”.Given that this is the case,why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems,drive cars,or stay physically fit? First of all,students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable.A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult(侮辱).For example,a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime.Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults,which in turn can lead to violence.The problem isn’t in the sandwich,but in the way students deal with the conflict. Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable,they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution(解決):stay calm.Once the student feels calmer,he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well.Rude words,name-calling,and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire.On the other hand,soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control. After both sides have calmed down,they can use another key strategy(策略) for conflict resolution:listening.Listening allows the two sides to understand each other.One person should describe his or her side,and the other person should listen without interrupting.Afterward,the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position.Then the two people should change roles. Finally,students need to consider what they are hearing.This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’s wrong with the other person.It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to acplish.For example,a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things.Students need to ask themselves questions such as these:How did this start?What do I really want?What am I afraid of?As the issue bees clearer,the conflict often simply bees smaller.Even if it doesn’t,careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution. There will always be conflict in schools,but that doesn’t mean there needs to be violence.After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program,according to Educators for Social Responsibility,“64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom;75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation;and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”.Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,teachers,parents,bosses,and coworkers.In that way,conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country. 36.This article is mainly about 　　　. A.the lives of school children B.the cause of arguments in schools C.how to analyze youth violence D.how to deal with school conflicts 提示:主旨大意題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要論述的是如何解決校園里發(fā)生的矛盾和沖突的問題。 答案:D 37.From Paragraph 2 we can learn that 　　　. A.violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime B.a small conflict can lead to violence C.students tend to lose their temper easily D.the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight 提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句以及該段所舉的例子可知,很小的一件沖突可能會演變成一次暴力事件。 答案:B 38.Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5? A.To find out who is to blame. B.To get ready to try new things. C.To make clear what the real issue is. D.To figure out how to stop the shouting match. 提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第三句和該段倒數(shù)第二句可知,學(xué)生們問完自己這幾個問題,可能就會搞清楚真正的問題是什么。 答案:C 39.After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta,it was found that 　　　. A.there was a decrease in classroom violence B.there was less student cooperation in the classroom C.more teachers felt better about themselves in schools D.the teacher-student relationship greatly improved 提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知,自從實(shí)施了矛盾沖突的解決方案以后,亞特蘭大的校園暴力事件呈現(xiàn)下降的趨勢。 答案:A 40.The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to 　　　. Aplain about problems in school education B.teach students different strategies for school life C.advocate teaching conflict management in schools D.inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence 提示:推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可以推斷,作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了倡導(dǎo)人們教給學(xué)生如何處理學(xué)校沖突問題。 答案:C B Americans often say that there are only two things a person can be sure of:death and taxes.Many people feel that the United States has the worst taxes in the world. Taxes are the money that people pay to support their government.There are generally three levels of government in the United States:federal,state,and city;therefore,there are three types of taxes. Salaried people who can earn more than four to five thousand dollars per year must pay a certain part.It depends on their salaries.The federal government has a two-level ine tax:that is,15 or 28 percent.$17 850 is the cut off.The tax rate is 15 percent below $17 850 and 28 percent above. The second tax is for the state government:New York,California,or any of the other forty-eight states.Some states have an ine tax similar to that of the federal government.Of course,the percentage for the state tax is lower.Other states have a sales tax,which is a percentage charged to any item which people buy in the state.Some states use ine tax and sales tax to raise their revenues(=annual ine). The third tax is for the city.This tax es in two forms:property tax(people who own a home have to pay taxes on it) and excise tax(物品稅),which is collected on vehicles in a city.The cities use this money for education,police,public works,etc. Since Americans pay such high taxes,they often feel that they are working one day each week just to pay their taxes.People always plain about taxes.They often say that the government misuses their tax dollars.They all believe that taxes are too high in this country. 41.In the United States,taxes are collected to provide revenues for 　　　. A.the federal government B.the state government C.the city government D.the three levels of government 提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段指出,美國稅收分為聯(lián)邦政府、州政府和市政府三個層次,所以稅收所得用于提高三個政府的收入。 答案:D 42.How much money does an American earning $40 000 per year pay to the federal government as ine tax according to the passage? A.28% of his ine. B.15% of his ine. C.$17 870. D.$5000. 提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段中“...that is,15 or 28 percent.$17 850 is the cut off.The tax rate is 15 percent below $17 850 and 28 percent above.”可知,$40 000已經(jīng)超出了$17 850,所以他所收入的28%應(yīng)該作為個人所得稅。 答案:A 43.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A.Different levels of the governments have different types of taxes in the United States. B.All the states have a sales tax which is used to support poor people. C.The tax of the states is similar to that of the federal government. D.All the states use both taxes to raise their ine every year to build schools. 提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,聯(lián)邦政府要收所得稅,州政府要收銷售稅而市政府要收財(cái)產(chǎn)稅,即不同層次的政府有不同的稅收要求,所以A項(xiàng)正確。 答案:A 44.What tax does an American have to pay to the city if he owns a car? A.Property tax. B.Excise tax. C.Ine tax. D.Sales tax. 提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第五段“property tax(people who own a home have to pay taxes on it and excise tax(物品稅),which is collected on vehicles in a city”可知,一個人要是擁有汽車應(yīng)該向市政府繳納財(cái)產(chǎn)稅。 答案:B 45.After reading the passage,we might feel that Americans seem to be 　　　. A.satisfied with their taxes B.proud of their taxes C.unhappy about their taxes D.very angry at their taxes 提示:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“People always plain about taxes”可以推斷出美國人民對于他們的稅收政策不滿意。 答案:C Ⅳ.任務(wù)型讀寫(共10小題;每題1分,共10分) Greeting other people is the first and most important social event in our lives.Parents greet their children as soon as they are born,and it’s not long before babies know who is who among the people in their everyday lives. After only a few months,babies work out systems of greeting for meeting people they know and those who are unfamiliar.Have you ever seen a four-month old baby staring at you?Have you smiled and said “hello” to the baby?Then have watched the baby’s little frown as it realises that it does not know you?Either the baby will begin to make strange noises and cling to its caregiver,or it will jerk its head in such a way that its whole body moves,and smile at you. The baby has learned to greet people and to respond to greetings at an very early age.What it has learned is the most important aspect of a greeting:the facial and body gestures that acpany the smile.These are signals that indicate friendliness. Secondly,there is the intonation(語調(diào))in the voice.Greetings are said warmly,with an expression anywhere between bright quickness and easy-going friendliness. The third aspect concerns the words chosen.Together,the words,the intonation,and facial expression signal a greeting.These indicators are the same all over the world. There may be a little difference in the words used,but “Good day”,“Bonggiorno”,“Nihao”,“Bonjour”,and “Guten Morgen” all contain the meaning of “good”.The mon greeting from other languages is translated into English as “Good day” or “Hello”.“Konnichi-wa” means “good day.” There are thousands of languages and cultures around the world,but though the words are different,they mean the same.And they are acpanied with friendly gestures,with smiles and with pleasant vocal intonations.You learned all of these skills and naturally in the first months and years of your life. So please greet other people with a smile,warm voice and kind words.Please greet other people whenever you can and wherever you are. Title Greetings Theme We greet to show 46.　　　. Introduction Greeting 47.　　　 is our first and most important social event. Three 48.　　　 of a greeting 1.The 49.　　　 on your face,which says that you are happy and friendly. 2.The intonation in the voice,which is 50. and pleasant. 3.The 51.　　　 of words,which usually contains the meaning of “good”. 52.　　　 in languages other than English “Bonggiorno”,“Nihao”,“Bonjour”,“Guten Morgen” and “Konnichi-wa” are 53.　　　 different languages,but of the same 54.. Suggestions Please greet others warmly and pleasantly. Please greet others whenever 55.　　　 and wherever you are. 答案:46.friendliness　47.others　48.aspects　49.smile　50.warm　51.choice　52.Greetings　53.from　54.meaning 55.possible Ⅴ.書面表達(dá)(25分) 假設(shè)你是鄭州市的一名中學(xué)生李華,現(xiàn)在請你用英語給市長寫一封信,反映你校學(xué)生面臨的交通安全問題。要點(diǎn)如下: (1)學(xué)校臨近主要街道中原路,很多學(xué)生必須橫過馬路才能進(jìn)入學(xué)校大門; (2)在交通高峰時期,車輛很多,學(xué)生不得不在車流中穿行; (3)許多家長不得不接送孩子以確保安全,這使得交通更加擁擠不堪; (4)建議政府修一座天橋或拓寬中原路,以防事故發(fā)生。 注意:(1)用書信形式,短文內(nèi)容要連貫、完整; (2)詞數(shù):120左右; (3)參考詞匯:天橋overpass　穿行thread one’s way 參考范文: Dear Mayor, I am a middle-school student.I’m writing to tell you about the traffic problem facing us. Our school is located near the main street—Zhongyuan Road,and many students have to cross the street before entering the schoolyard.During the rush hour we have to thread our way between the moving cars and buses,which is very dangerous.In order to make sure of the safety,many parents have to send and pick up their children to and from school every day.As a result,the street near our school is always blocked with walking people and passing cars. I think the government should take some measures to solve this prob